Breast Pathology
Faeze Shirian; Parvin Kheradmand; Nastaran Ranjbari; Hodjatollah Shahbazian; Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
Abstract
Background & Objective: During the last decade, biological markers of breast cancer have been considered to predict the degree of histology, behavior, and extent of tumor invasion and the possibility of lymph node involvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of GCDFP-15 in different ...
Read More
Background & Objective: During the last decade, biological markers of breast cancer have been considered to predict the degree of histology, behavior, and extent of tumor invasion and the possibility of lymph node involvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of GCDFP-15 in different grades of invasive ductal carcinoma, as the most common type of breast cancer.Methods: In this retrospective study, paraffin blocks of tumors of 60 breast cancer patients registered in the histopathology laboratory of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz between 2019 and 2020 were reviewed. Information on grade, invasion, stage and lymph node involvement was extracted from the pathology reports and immunohistochemical staining for GCDFP-15 was performed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22.Results: GCDFP-15 marker expression was observed in 20 out of 60 breast cancer patients (33.3%). GCDFP-15 staining intensity was weak in 7 cases (35%), moderate in 8 cases (40%), and strong in 5 cases (25%). The patient's age and sex showed no significant relationship with the expression of GCDFP-15 and intensity of staining. Expression of the GCDFP-15 marker was correlated significantly with tumor grade, stage, and vascular invasion (P<0.05)) and its expression was higher in tumors with a lower grade, less depth of invasion, and no vascular invasion but unrelated to perineural invasion, lymph node involvement, and tumor size. The intensity of staining for GCDFP-15 showed significant relationship with the tumor grade (P<0.0001) but unrelated to the other factors.Conclusion: GCDFP-15 marker may be significantly associated with tumor grade, depth of invasion, and vascular invasion, thus can be used as a prognostic marker.
Diagnostic Pathology
Aminder Singh; Vikram Narang; Ankita Soni; Kajal Angural; Saveena Jindal; Bhavna Garg; Harpreet Kaur
Abstract
Background & Objective: An accurate Ki-67 labeling index assessment is critical for managing a few tumors, like breast carcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors. We aimed to determine the degree of agreement between digital image analysis (DIA) & eye-rolling assessment (EE) and DIA & manual count ...
Read More
Background & Objective: An accurate Ki-67 labeling index assessment is critical for managing a few tumors, like breast carcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors. We aimed to determine the degree of agreement between digital image analysis (DIA) & eye-rolling assessment (EE) and DIA & manual count (MC) for Ki-67 LI scoring.Methods: A total of 120 cases (Both tru-cut biopsies and resected specimens) were selected during the study period from the institutional database wherein the Ki-67 labeling index was performed. The selected cases were divided into two groups, i.e., breast neoplasms and other neoplasms. The correlation between DIA & EE and DIA & MC for Ki-67 LI scoring was calculated in both groups.Results: A total of 113 cases were analyzed for Ki-67 LI by three different methods (EE, MC, & DIA); 7 cases were rejected because of poor image quality. Ki-67 LI scoring by DIA & EE was highly correlated in both the study groups with a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.809 (P=0.01) and 0.904 (P=0.01), respectively. Correlation between DIA & MC methods was also found to be almost perfect in both study groups with a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of 0.974 (P=0.01) and 0.955 (P=0.01), respectively.Conclusion: ImmunoRatio is a free web-based digital image analysis application that can be used for Ki-67 LI assessment with considerable reliability and reproducibility. Yet, it carries a few limitations and demands a careful approach and final confirmation by an expert.
Noushin Afshar Moghaddam; Diana Taheri; Azar Naimi; Faegheh Taghizadeh; Shahram Taheri
Volume 2, Issue 2 , April 2007, , Pages 77-79
Abstract
A 54 year old man with history of cardiomyopathy and chronic fibrillation first presented with bloody diarrhea. Then during the assessment of his abnormal lab. data revealed cast nephropathy in renal biopsy, gamma peak in protein electrophoresis and fine lytic lesions in skull graphy. His bone marrow ...
Read More
A 54 year old man with history of cardiomyopathy and chronic fibrillation first presented with bloody diarrhea. Then during the assessment of his abnormal lab. data revealed cast nephropathy in renal biopsy, gamma peak in protein electrophoresis and fine lytic lesions in skull graphy. His bone marrow aspiration showed multiple myeloma and blood smear revealed plasma cell leukemia. Our patient was diagnosed to have multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia Plasma cell leukemia is a rare form of plasma cell dyscrasia.The second type evolves as a terminal event in some of the patients with multiple myeloma. PCL and multiple myeloma simultaneously recognizes in this case(very rare event).
Moslem Bahadori; Katayoun Gohari Moghaddam; Saeed erakhshani; Mohammad Vafaie
Volume 1, Issue 2 , April 2006, , Pages 81-86
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The etiology, pathophysiology, nomenclature and clinical manifes-tation of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is poorly understood. Aim: To examine the pathology of mucosal changes and clinical features of this syndrome. Materials and Methods: The mucosal biopsies of 19 ...
Read More
Background and Objectives: The etiology, pathophysiology, nomenclature and clinical manifes-tation of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is poorly understood. Aim: To examine the pathology of mucosal changes and clinical features of this syndrome. Materials and Methods: The mucosal biopsies of 19 patients with clinical evidence of solitary rectal ulcer as been reviewed in accordance with their clinical complaints and endoscopic findings within three years. Results: SRUS has been seen in both sexes (11 male and 8 female) at the age ranging from 12 to 72 years (mean 29 years). The main clinical complaints were rectal bleeding, mucorrhea and perianal pain. The major rectoscopic findings were ulceration, erythema of mucosal surface, congestion and polypoid pattern. The significant pathologic features were mucosal architectural distortion, very superficial and irregular mucosal ulceration, fibrosis of lamina propria and thickening of the muscularis mucosa with splaying of its fibers and extension of muscularis fibers between the mucosal crypts. Conclusion: Although SRUS is rare but it can be confused clinically with other similar diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease,cloagenic carcinoma and other malignancies. It must be looked in differential diagnoses of pelvic disorders since it is well recognized on rectoscopic and morphologic basis.
Mohsen Emami Aleagha; Etrat Javadi Rad; Siamak Shariat Torbaghan
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2009, , Pages 88-91
Abstract
Littoral cell angioma is a splenic vascular tumor of splenic sinus lining cells that is considered benign in general. This report describes a case of littoral cell angioma with no malignant histological features. The lesion is composed of anastomosing vascular channels resembling splenic sinus; ...
Read More
Littoral cell angioma is a splenic vascular tumor of splenic sinus lining cells that is considered benign in general. This report describes a case of littoral cell angioma with no malignant histological features. The lesion is composed of anastomosing vascular channels resembling splenic sinus; they are lined by endothelial cells which show mitotic activity very rare. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for both endothelial (Factor VIII-AG, CD34) and histiocytic markers (KP1 or CD68). The morphologic and immunohistochemical findings in this tumor confirm the presence of dual (endothelial / histiocytic) characteristics of the reticuloendothelial cells lining the splenic sinus, justifying the term littoral cell angioma.
Seyed Jaber Mousavi; Farzaneh Mohammadi Zia
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2011, , Pages 93-96
Abstract
Human hydatid cyst is a wide spread disease. It is an endemic disease in Iran. Hydatid cyst is extremely rare in the female reproductive organs. This is a case report of ovarian hydatid cyst in a 42-year-old woman. She presented with feeling of enlargement of abdomen and abdominal pain. On physical ...
Read More
Human hydatid cyst is a wide spread disease. It is an endemic disease in Iran. Hydatid cyst is extremely rare in the female reproductive organs. This is a case report of ovarian hydatid cyst in a 42-year-old woman. She presented with feeling of enlargement of abdomen and abdominal pain. On physical examination, a large mass in lower abdomen palpated. Ultrasonography reported a heterogeneous multicystic mass measuring 155×97 mm in hypo gastric area. The CT-scan with IV contrast reported a huge cystic lesion, containing multiple septi that could be due to ovarian lesion. After surgery, histopathological examination showed typical laminated &germinative layers with hexagonal scolecies of hydatid cyst. Since the common sites of hydatid cyst are liver, lung, etc and the imaging studies are highly diagnostic for hydatid cysts; this illustrated case is interesting for uncommon site, not suggested by imaging studies and with clinical (surgical) impression of malignant ovarian tumor.
Fatemeh Mahjoub; Farrokh Tirgari; Afshin Abdi Rad; Mahmoud Mohammadi; Nargess Tabarzan; Omid Emadian
Volume 3, Issue 2 , March 2008, , Pages 95-99
Abstract
Background and Objective: Male breast carcinoma (MBC) is an unusual form of neoplasia, representing 0.7 to 1 percent of all breast cancer cases. Usually, the carcinoma affects patients after the sixth decade. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER ...
Read More
Background and Objective: Male breast carcinoma (MBC) is an unusual form of neoplasia, representing 0.7 to 1 percent of all breast cancer cases. Usually, the carcinoma affects patients after the sixth decade. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) and prognostic factors (p53 and Her-2/neu) in a series of male patients with breast cancer and correlate them with tumor grade and stage. Materials and Methods: Fifty cases of breast carcinoma in male patients, retrieved from the files of the Cancer Institute from 1996 until 2005 was included in this study. Results: Most of the cases were categorized as grade 2 (65.3%), grade 1 cases comprised 20.4% and grade 3 was 14.3%. Stage IIb was the largest group (32%). Estrogen receptor was detected in 90% of cases and progesterone receptor in 68% of cases and no significant correlation was found between estrogen and progesterone receptor positivity and tumor grade or stage. In addition, p53 and Her-2/ neu staining revealed positivity in 11 cases (27.5% ) and 13 cases (26%) respectively with strong positivity in only 6 cases and no significant correlation was found between tumor grade and stage and p53 expression. It is clear from our data that Her-2/neu positivity in MBC is lower than in female breast carcinoma. Conclusion: This study, which comprises rather large series of MBC in Iran during a 10-year period, shows that most patients refer in rather late stages and prognostic factors such as p53 and Her-2/neu has no significant correlation with tumor grade and stage at presentation in our patients.
Reeby Sara Thomas; Herald J Sherlin; Anuja Natesan; Priya Premkumar; Pratibha Ramani; Thiruvengadam Chandrasekar; Vinod Narayanan
Volume 5, Issue 2 , March 2010, , Pages 100-104
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an uncommon tumor with an aggressive behaviour. We present two cases of MC. The first one is a unique case of MC of the maxilla metastasized from the clavicle. The second describes MC in the mandible with extensive involvement of the condyle. A 31-year-old male ...
Read More
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an uncommon tumor with an aggressive behaviour. We present two cases of MC. The first one is a unique case of MC of the maxilla metastasized from the clavicle. The second describes MC in the mandible with extensive involvement of the condyle. A 31-year-old male and a 22-year-old male presented to Saveetha Dental College, with a 2-month history of progressive mass in left posterior maxilla and a firm swelling in the right mandibular region, respectively. Incisional biopsy of both the cases revealed characteristic bimorphic pattern composed of sheets of undifferentiated round and spindle cells along with areas of chondroid matrix of variable cellularity. Histopathological features were suggestive of MC. These type of neoplams show local aggressive behaviour with high metastatic and recurrence potential due to which the prognosis of MC is poor.
Maliheh Khoddami; Parishad Ghavam
Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2012, , Pages 112-120
Abstract
Background and objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of frozen section in ovarian tumors in one of the largest university affiliated gynecologic oncology centers in Tehran, and determine the cause of discrepancies.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results ...
Read More
Background and objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of frozen section in ovarian tumors in one of the largest university affiliated gynecologic oncology centers in Tehran, and determine the cause of discrepancies.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of frozen section and permanent diagnoses of ovarian masses by reviewing the reports in the department of Pathology of Imam Hussein Hospital from 1997 to 2009.
Results: Among 1498 cases of ovarian lesions, only 187 patients had both frozen and paraffin section diagnoses (age range 10-82 yr). 71.7% of these cases had complete concordance, 26.7% had partial and 1.6% had no concordance. The overall sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis were 100% and 99.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of frozen section diagnosisfor benign, borderline, and malignant lesions was 99.3%, 100% and 94.9%; and the specificities were 100%, 98.9% and 99.3% respectively.
Conclusion: Our results show high sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis in ovarian masses. Pathologist’s misinterpretation was the only cause of discrepancies.
Ardashir Talebi; Fatemeh Pooralborzi; Hamid Reza Ghasemi Basir; Ahmad Reza Okhovvat; Danial Moghaddas
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2007, , Pages 115-117
Abstract
Myoepitheliomas are benign tumors which account for less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors. In this article, we report the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical features of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of the hard palate in a 73-year-old man having a painless hard palate mass with progressive ...
Read More
Myoepitheliomas are benign tumors which account for less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors. In this article, we report the clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical features of plasmacytoid myoepithelioma of the hard palate in a 73-year-old man having a painless hard palate mass with progressive growth for one month who was admitted in Alzahra Hospital of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The patient underwent a complete surgical resection of the tumor. Light microscopy showed a nodule with sharp margins of large cells with plasmacytoid aspect presenting round eccentric nuclei and an abundant and homogenous eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in sheets and groups separated by an abundant, loose, myxoid and hyalinized matrix. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue with a panel of immunohistochemical markers comprising cytokeratin (CK), vimentin, S100, actin and EMA. Tumor cells showed strong and diffuse positivity for S100 and also CK, vimentin, and actin, but confirming the myoepithelial origin of the tumor, EMA immunostaining was negative.
Breast Pathology
Danial Fazilat-Panah; Somaye Vakili Ahrari Roudi; Alireza Keramati; Azar Fanipakdel; Mohammad hadi Sadeghian; Fatemeh Homaei Shandiz; Soudabeh ShahidSales; Seyed Alireza Javadinia
Abstract
Background & Objective: Prediction of response to neoadjuvant treatment is an important part of treatment of patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to assess changes in serum levels of Cytokeratin 18 during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer and its association ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Prediction of response to neoadjuvant treatment is an important part of treatment of patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to assess changes in serum levels of Cytokeratin 18 during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer and its association with neoadjuvant treatments. Methods: This research was performed on newly diagnosed breast cancer patients referred to Omid Radiotherapy Center and radiotherapy and oncology departments of Emam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, in Mashhad, Iran. Serum levels of M30 and M65 fragments of Cytokeratin 18 were measured before and 24 hours after the first course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Changes in serum levels of Cytokeratin 18 and its fragments and their correlation with pathologic response were analyzed. Result: Pre- and post-chemotherapy levels of M30 were respectively 223.9±18.94 and 250.7±23.92 U/L (P=0.24). For M65, these levels were respectively 301.5±313.9 and 330.2±352.2 U/L (P=0.1). Changes in M30 level during chemotherapy in patients with and without pathologic complete response were -20±92.69 and 43.1±106.5, respectively (P=0.1). For M65, these changes were respectively -247±55 and 76±240 (P=0.1). Baseline levels of M30 and M65 had no relation with menopausal status, tumor grade, hormone receptor status, Ki67 expression, molecular subtype, and stage. Conclusion: Our findings showed statistically insignificant changes in the level of Caspase-cleaved- (M30) and uncleaved- (M65) cytokeratin 18 fragments (apoptotic and necrotic indicators, respectively) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. There was no notable relationship between tumor-related factors and either baseline levels or serum changes of CK18 fragments. Also, there was no correlation between M30/M65 level and pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
S Shamshad Ahmad; Sufian Zaheer; Khaliqur Rahman; Latif Zafar Jilani; Amit Kumar; Mohd Jaseem Hassan; Rana K Sherwani
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 119-122
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant neoplasm of childhood and adolescence seen commonly in both axial and appendicular skeleton but uncommonly in acral region. Ewing’s tumor in the hand is extraordinarily rare. Radiological features are variable and can mimic other common lesions. We present ...
Read More
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant neoplasm of childhood and adolescence seen commonly in both axial and appendicular skeleton but uncommonly in acral region. Ewing’s tumor in the hand is extraordinarily rare. Radiological features are variable and can mimic other common lesions. We present a case of 13 year old female, with complaints of pain and swelling in right hand, which on X-ray showed periosteal reaction, giving a sun burst appearance and provisional diagnosis of osteosarcoma was made. The patient was operated and histopathological diagnosis of ES was confirmed. Histopathological examination remains the mainstay of diagnosis, supported by immunochemistry and cytogenetic studies. Surgical extirpation with chemotherapy is the therapeutic regimen of choice. We intend to report this case, because it is very rare location and the radiological features can mimic other lesions which commonly occur in this location like chronic osteomyelitis so it can be easily missed especially at preliminary evaluations.
Mahjabin Taklif; Maryam Abolhasani
Volume 1, Issue 3 , June 2006, , Pages 127-130
Abstract
Background: Microcystic adnexal tumor is a rare sclerosing variant of ductal carcinoma of eccrine sweat glands which is highly invasive. This tumor is often misdiagnosed as other benign or malignant skin lesions and improper treatment is carried on and is associated with high recurrence rate. Case presentation: ...
Read More
Background: Microcystic adnexal tumor is a rare sclerosing variant of ductal carcinoma of eccrine sweat glands which is highly invasive. This tumor is often misdiagnosed as other benign or malignant skin lesions and improper treatment is carried on and is associated with high recurrence rate. Case presentation: We reported here in a 59-years old man who underwent incisional biopsy for a ongenital lesion on posterior neck which had grown recently. Microscopic examination exhibited an infiltrative tumor as constituted by small cord-like and angulated tubules with tadpole or comma-like shapes, individually set in abundant fibrous stroma in dermis. So, the diagnosis was syringoma. In the next step, the lesion underwent excisional biopsy. Histologically, a tumor located in dermis with extension to subcutis was noted which contained basaloid keratinocytes with occasional horn cysts and abortive hair follicles. In other areas, ducts and gland-like structures lined by two-cell layers predominated. The tumor extended to skeletal muscle and perineurial structures but no significant atypia or mitosis was identified. Eventually, with respect to mentioned features, the diagnosis was microcystic adnexal tumor. Conclusion: It is concluded that thinking about this rare invasive skin tumor with proper use of Mohs’ surgery and its correct diagnosis is clinically of high significance to reduce its recurrence rate. Meanwhile, this tumor was noticeably set in a congenital lesion in this reported case.
Mohsen Meidani; Zohreh Aminzadeh; Mahya Faghih; Nooshin Ahmadi
Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2014, , Pages 133-137
Abstract
Background and Objective: It is presumed that human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) is the necessary cause of all different forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma which is the most common neoplasm in HIV-infected persons. In this study, we wanted to determine the prevalence of HHV8 infection in all the available ...
Read More
Background and Objective: It is presumed that human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) is the necessary cause of all different forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma which is the most common neoplasm in HIV-infected persons. In this study, we wanted to determine the prevalence of HHV8 infection in all the available Isfahan (Central Iran) HIV positive individuals in comparison with healthy blood donor, and also investigating the risk factors of HIV infections in both groups.
Material and Methods: Inthis cross sectional study, the samples were consisted of 50 healthy HIV –negative blood donors and all the available Isfahan HIV positive individuals (55 persons). The selected people fulfilled a questionnaire about personal demographic information. The blood samples were examined using Biotrin kit to detect anti HHV8 antibody (IgG).
Results:In HIV positive group, 10 persons (18.2%) tested positive for HHv8, but none of the control group had positive test. We analyzed risk factors for AIDS and found, as expected, strong associations between HIV infection with addiction, being in prison, travelling out of Iran, low educational status and being single or having multiple sexual partner but there is no differences between HHV8 positive and negative group.
Conclusion:The prevalence of HHV8 in HIV positive persons is high in Isfahan and preventive care may be beneficial. A future study including a large population from different high risk groups and general population in Iran is needed in order to define seroepidemiology and risk factors associated with HHV8 infection.
Abasali Omidi; Amir Hossein Jafarian; Minoo Erfanian; Mohammad Javad Yazdanpanah; Masoud Sharifian
Volume 4, Issue 3 , June 2009, , Pages 133-136
Abstract
Human brucellosis is common in developing countries and is a multi-system disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Cutaneous lesions associated with brucellosis have been rarely reported in the literature. Here we present a case of a 32-year-old man with history of consumption ...
Read More
Human brucellosis is common in developing countries and is a multi-system disease with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Cutaneous lesions associated with brucellosis have been rarely reported in the literature. Here we present a case of a 32-year-old man with history of consumption of cheese made from raw milk seen with occurrence of pancytopenia and diffuse maculopapular rash during the course of Brucella infection. Physical examination showed fever, splenomegaly, mild hepatomegaly and pruritic maculopapular exanthema over the trunk, arms and legs. Laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia. Parasitic examinations and serologic tests for syphilis, salmonellosis, rickettsiasis, toxoplasmosis, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and hepatitis B and C viruses were negative. There was no history of drug consumption.The Brucella agglutination test titer was 1/1280 and histological examination of skin biopsy showed lymphohistiocytic perivascular infiltrates in the upper dermis.Lesions were interpreted as Brucellar dermatitis , The patient was subsequently treated with oral doxycycline and rifampin and was discharged in good health. If there is suspicion of exposure to infected food products, brucellosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancytopenia in Brucella-endemic areas; there may be skin lesions other than purpura that can accompany thrombocytopenia.
Narges Gholizadeh; Hossein Khoini Poorfar; Ali Taghavi Zenouz; Masoumeh Vatandoost; Masoumeh Mehdipour
Abstract
Background & Objective: Lichen planus is a mucocutaneous disease which is relatively common and in 30-70% of patients, mucosal lesions can be seen and known as a precancerous lesion but its etiology is not completely understood. Desmogleins I and III are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Lichen planus is a mucocutaneous disease which is relatively common and in 30-70% of patients, mucosal lesions can be seen and known as a precancerous lesion but its etiology is not completely understood. Desmogleins I and III are the main desmosomal transmembrane proteins. These proteins have been identified as the autoantigen of the autoimmune disease. The aim of this study was evaluation of serum autoantibodies against desmogleins Ι, ΙΙΙ in oral lichen planus. Methods: We attempted to determine the etiology of this disease with evaluation of these serum factors. Thirty-five patients with oral lichen planus and 35 healthy controls were recruited and tested for serum autoantibodies against desmogleins Ι, ΙΙΙ and indirect immunofluorescence also performed. Data were analyzed by statistical–analytical methods (Independent sample t-test) with using the SPSS.15 software. Results: Serum autoantibody against desmoglein Ι had no significant difference in the two groups (P=0.31) but significant increase in serum autoantibody to desmoglein ΙΙΙ was found in patients with oral lichen planus (P=0.00). Conclusion: It seems that autoantibody against desmoglein III has a significant role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.
Microbiology
Gholamreza Irajian; Mehri Sharifi; Shiva Mirkalantari; Reza Mirnejad; Mohammad reza Jalali Nadoushan
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 138-143
Abstract
Background: In most cases, prostatitis can be caused by a bacterial agent such as Ureaplasma urealyticum. Considering to the cumbersome of the culture method for the detection of Ureaplasma species in clinical samples such as prostate; PCR method that is faster and more appropriate than the cultivation ...
Read More
Background: In most cases, prostatitis can be caused by a bacterial agent such as Ureaplasma urealyticum. Considering to the cumbersome of the culture method for the detection of Ureaplasma species in clinical samples such as prostate; PCR method that is faster and more appropriate than the cultivation methods, can be utilized for the detection of U. urealyticum and U. parvum. PCR-RFLP method can differentiate both biovars and assist in studies of the clinical diagnosis, epidemiology and pathology of this species in human. The aim of this study was to molecular detection of U. urealyticumin in prostate tissue samples based on PCR- RFLP. Methods:Two hundred prostate tissue samples were collected from patient suffering from prostatitis. The PCR assay was used to amplify a 559 bp fragment of 16S-23SRNA interspace region of Ureaplasma. After sequencing, PCR products from positive samples were digested with TaqI restriction enzyme. Results: Seven cases (3.5%) out of 200 prostate tissue samples were positive for U. urealyticum. Results of PCR products sequencing demonstrated that all isolates were U. parvum biovar. PCR-RFLP results shown that there was not any differentiation in pattern of enzymatic digestion, in addition, all isolates were U. parvum, serovar 3. Conclusion: U. urealyticum can be one of the causing agents of prostatitis. Using PCR-RFLP with specific primer and restriction enzyme is a rapid and cost-effect method for detection and differentiation of Ureaplasma from clinical samples.
Mohamad Javad Ashraf; Shahla Hosseini; Ahmad Monabati; Behnaz Valibeigi; Bijan Khademi; Elham Abedi; Negar Azarpira
Abstract
Background and objective: Oral tongue Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC) commonly involves males between the sixth to eighth decades of life. Major risk factors are tobacco usage and alcohol consumption. The increasing number of patients developing oral tongue cancer without these well-known risk factors ...
Read More
Background and objective: Oral tongue Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC) commonly involves males between the sixth to eighth decades of life. Major risk factors are tobacco usage and alcohol consumption. The increasing number of patients developing oral tongue cancer without these well-known risk factors suggests that a viral infection, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV), may be responsible for this increase, by acting as an oncogenic agent. This study investigated the prevalence of HPV infection and its clinicopathologic significance in oral tongue SCCs. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from a total of 50 cases (patients with oral tongue SCC) and 50 controls (palatine tonsillar tissues with benign diagnosis) were selected. DNA was extracted from tumoral and non-tumoral tissue blocks. Detection of common HPV DNA by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and high-risk genotypes, HPV 16 and HPV 18, by conventional PCR, was achieved and the results correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results: Of the 50 patients (18 males and 32 females with a mean age of 57.36±12.18 years, and age range of 27 to 86 years), 7 (14%) had HPV positive results. None of the control group subjects had HPV DNA positive results (P-value of 0.012). The HPV genotype 16/18 was not detected in positive cases. No statistically significant association was found between HPV status and gender, age, tumor grade, tumor stage or lymph node involvement. Conclusion: Although there was a significantly higher prevalence of HPV in oral tongue SCC, its association with carcinogenesis in this area requires further studies.
Indranil Chakrabarti; Anuradha De; Amita Giri
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2011, , Pages 147-152
Abstract
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of kidney is an extremely rare renal neoplasm with only about fifty reported cases in literature. Presumably,of neural crest origin, these tumors behave aggressively and ...
Read More
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of kidney is an extremely rare renal neoplasm with only about fifty reported cases in literature. Presumably,of neural crest origin, these tumors behave aggressively and carry a poor prognosis. We report a case of 22-year old female patient complaining of left loin pain with recurrent hematuria for last 3 months. On clinical examination, the abdomen was soft and no palpable mass was felt. She underwent ultrasonography and com puted tomography, which revealed a left renal mass. A left radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the nephrectomy specimen showed features of primitive neu roectodermal tumor arising from left kidney, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The patient was treated with post-nephrectomy chemotherapy and was symptom-free at six-month follow-up.
Bone & Soft tissue Pathology
Malik Akanksha; Sundaram Sandhya
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study was undertaken to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) in urothelial carcinoma and correlate its expression with the pathological stage, recurrence and other clinicopathological parameters. Material and Methods: A ...
Read More
Background and Objective: This study was undertaken to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR3) in urothelial carcinoma and correlate its expression with the pathological stage, recurrence and other clinicopathological parameters. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken on paraffin blocks of 55consecutiveurothelial carcinoma specimens in 28 months received in Sri Ramachandra Medical College, Chennai, India. Blocks with the sections containing the tumor and adjacent normal epithelium were chosen for the immunohistochemical (IHC) study of FGFR3. Results: IHC expression of FGFR3 in high grade (HG) invasive urothelial carcinoma was positive in 18% cases, 66.7% of HG non-invasive urothelial and 82.6% of low grade (LG) non-invasive urothelial carcinomas. The FGFR3 expression was presented in 78.1% of non-invasive carcinoma. In case of invasive urothelial carcinoma, the FGFR3 positivity was observed in 18.2% of tumors (P<0.05). FGFR3 expression in LG tumors was positive in 82.6 % of the cases whereas 32.3% of HG cases were positive for FGFR3 (P<0.05). FGFR3 was expressed in 14.3 % of HG invasive tumors which recurred. HG non-invasive tumors were positive for FGFR3 in 80% of the cases. LG non-invasive tumors were positive for FGFR3 in 72.7% of cases (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of FGFR3 is higher in low grade, non-invasive tumors and recurrent non-invasive tumors. The targeted therapy for FGFR3 may be used as one of the modes of treatment for urothelial carcinoma. It can also be used as a marker to determine the grade in difficult cases and the risk of recurrence.
Indranil Chakrabarti; Anuradha De; Kaushik Majumdar; Amita Amita
Volume 5, Issue 3 , June 2010, , Pages 150-153
Abstract
Adenosquamous carcinomas of stomach are rare entities comprising 0.5% of stomach carcinomas. Here, we report a case of a 50-year-old female, who presented with weakness, pallor, and symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. A partial gastrectomy was done and histology showed evidence of adenosquamous ...
Read More
Adenosquamous carcinomas of stomach are rare entities comprising 0.5% of stomach carcinomas. Here, we report a case of a 50-year-old female, who presented with weakness, pallor, and symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. A partial gastrectomy was done and histology showed evidence of adenosquamous carcinoma of the antrum with metastasis to the perigastric lymph nodes. The patient condition improved at 6-month follow-up.
Seyed Ali Ahmadi; Fahimeh Asadi Amoli; Katayoun Gohari Moghaddam
Volume 3, Issue 3 , June 2008, , Pages 151-156
Abstract
Background and Objective: The frequency and pattern of eye neoplasms differ in various geographic areas. Our aim was to determine the distribution of patient age, gender, ocular tumor origin, location and histological type in our region. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, ...
Read More
Background and Objective: The frequency and pattern of eye neoplasms differ in various geographic areas. Our aim was to determine the distribution of patient age, gender, ocular tumor origin, location and histological type in our region. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all of the 384 eye globe enucleation cases carried out during a 10-year period in Farabi Medical Center in Tehran were selected and reviewed. The inflammatory and non-tumoral conditions were excluded. Results: Out of 350 primary tumors, 344 (98.6%) were malignant including 248 cases of retinoblastomas (70.9%), 76 cases of (21.7%) melanomas and 14 cases of (4%) squamous cell carcinomas. Mean ages for these tumors were 3.2, 51 and 64.8 years respectively. Overall the tumors were 1.15 times more frequent in left eye and 1.53 times more common in males. Out of 248 cases of retinoblastomas, only 12 (4.8%) cases were bilateral (mean age 3.46 years; male to female ratio 1.4:1). Some rare cases in our series included a primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of choroid, two choroidal leiomyomas and an adenocarcinoma of the retinal pigment epithelium. Conclusion: The overall frequency of the three most common primary malignancies in our series was similar to the reported Asian countries but slightly differed with western countries in terms of lower incidence of melanoma here. Also bilateral retinoblastoma was less frequent here and occurred in a slightly older age. The actual frequency of metastatic eye tumors could not be evaluated precisely due to lack of systematic autopsy data.
Uropathology
Hedieh Moradi Tabriz; Elham Nazar; Seyed Ali Ahmadi; Esmaeil Azimi; Fazeleh Majidi
Abstract
Background and Objective: Urothelial neoplasm (UN) of bladder is a potentially lethal malignancy, particularly in locally advanced or metastatic cases. Development of molecular markers such as HER2 and Survivin may provide useful information on diagnosis and prognosis in UN of bladder. Materials and ...
Read More
Background and Objective: Urothelial neoplasm (UN) of bladder is a potentially lethal malignancy, particularly in locally advanced or metastatic cases. Development of molecular markers such as HER2 and Survivin may provide useful information on diagnosis and prognosis in UN of bladder. Materials and Methods: We studied the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of HER2 and Survivin in 84 radical/partial cystectomy and transurethral resection (TUR) specimens with different histologic grades and stages. All samples were obtained from pathology department of Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2018. Results: From the total number of 84 UN samples, 10 cases (11.9%) had papillary neoplasm of low malignant potential, 30 cases (35.7%) had low-grade papillary urothelial neoplasm, and 44 cases (52.4%) had high-grade papillary urothelial neoplasm. HER2 and Survivin expressions were seen in 44 (52.4%) (p =0.610) and 9 (10.7%) patients (p =0.046), respectively.Survivin expression showed a mild increase in high grade UN. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the IHC expression of Survivin and HER2 are not well associated with histological grades of Urothelial neoplasms of bladder. This may be partly due to relatively small sample size and various factors such as patient characteristics or antibody specifications.
Biology & Genetic
Hossein Ayatollahi; Alireza Tavassoli; Amir Hossein Jafarian; Amin Alavi; Sepideh Shakeri; Seyyede Fatemeh Shams; Maryam Sheikhi; Neda Motamedi Rad; Mohammadhadi Sadeghian; Afsane Bahrami
Abstract
Background & objective: KRAS mutations are reported in many types of cancers including pancreas, lung, colon, breast, and gastric (GC). High frequency of KRAS mutation is observed in the pancreas, colon, and lung cancers; they commonly arise in codon 12 and 13 of exon 2. Due to the lack of information ...
Read More
Background & objective: KRAS mutations are reported in many types of cancers including pancreas, lung, colon, breast, and gastric (GC). High frequency of KRAS mutation is observed in the pancreas, colon, and lung cancers; they commonly arise in codon 12 and 13 of exon 2. Due to the lack of information about the frequency of KRAS mutations in the Northeast of Iran, the current study aimed at evaluating KRAS frequency in cases with GC in this region. Methods: A total of120 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks of patients with GC were assessed. The assays to detect KRAS in codon 12 and 13 were obtained through the peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-clamp. Results: Totally 87 male and 33 female patients were analyzed in the current study. The mean age of the subjects was 55 years. The most common tumoral fragment was located on the body with 48 cases (40%) and the less frequent was related to fondues with six cases (5%). Of the 120 GC samples, 16 (13.3%) cases had codon 12 KRAS mutation, and 16.7% had codon 13 mutations. There were no significant relationships between gender, age, and KRAS mutations in the studied specimens. Conclusion: In conclusion, the overall frequency of KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations in GC was 30% in the current study population. Frequency of KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations had significant correlation with tumors location. Different pathogenic mechanisms are suggested for GC according to tumor location. The current study results may be an important diagnostic tool for physicians managing atrophic gastritis.
Mitra Heidarpour; Parvin Rajabi; Amin Eftekhari; Hamid Reza Ghasemibasir
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2006, , Pages 173-176
Abstract
Although acrometastases are rare but clinically they are considered important. Their etiology is quite different from the metastases to other sites; bronchogenic carcinoma is by far the most frequent case. The prognosis is always similar to metastatic bronchial cancer with an average survival of three ...
Read More
Although acrometastases are rare but clinically they are considered important. Their etiology is quite different from the metastases to other sites; bronchogenic carcinoma is by far the most frequent case. The prognosis is always similar to metastatic bronchial cancer with an average survival of three months. Treatment may involve distal digital amputation or antalgic radiotherapy. The main differential diagnosis is aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinomas (ADPA) that is a rare sweat gland neoplasm. A case of bronchogenic carcinoma with metastasis to the index finger is presented. The metastasis was located in the distal phalanx of the left index finger. Although acrometastasis is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of distal lesions, especially in elderly patients.
