Document Type : Short Communication
Authors
1 Department of Pathology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran
2 Department of Pathology, Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, New South Wales, Australia
3 Department of Pathology, Amir-Alam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Pathology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background & Objective: Viral infections are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of human malignancies. Several studies have suggested the role of viral infections in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, the results are still conflicting, and the potential role of viruses in PTC tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the presence of parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/HSV-2), and human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in PTC.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 40 patients with PTC were used. Tissue blocks were studied for the presence of the virus genome using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: Of the 40 patients with PTC, there was 1 positive case of HPV (2.5%), while 6 cases were positive for parvovirus B19. HSV and CMV DNAs were not detected in any cases.
Conclusion: Correlations among HSV, CMV, and PTC are unexpected in our patient population. But parvovirus B19 and, to a lesser extent, HPV DNA genomes were detected in PTC using real-time PCR.
Keywords
- Cytomegalovirus
- Herpes simplex virus
- Human papillomavirus
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma
- Parvovirus B19
Main Subjects
- Gonzalez-Gonzalez R, Bologna-Molina R, Carreon-Burciaga RG, Gomezpalacio-Gastelum M, Molina-Frechero N, Salazar-Rodriguez S. Papillary thyroid carcinoma: differential diagnosis and prognostic values of its different variants: review of the literature. ISRN Oncol. 2011;2011:915925. [DOI:10.5402/2011/915925] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Shah JP. Thyroid carcinoma: epidemiology, histology, and diagnosis. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2015;13(4 Suppl 4):3-6:
- Adamson LA, Fowler LJ, Clare-Salzler MJ, Hobbs JA. Parvovirus B19 infection in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid. 2011;21(4):411-7. [DOI:10.1089/thy.2010.0307] [PMID]
- Wang JH, Zhang WP, Liu HX, Wang D, Li YF, Wang WQ, et al. Detection of human parvovirus B19 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2008;98(3):611-8. [DOI:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604196] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Pacini F, Vivaldi A, Santoro M, Fedele M, Fusco A, Romei C, et al. Simian virus 40-like DNA sequences in human papillary thyroid carcinomas. Oncogene. 1998;16(5):665-9: [DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1201552] [PMID]
- Zhong Z, Yuan J, Chen X, Chen Z, Du J, Chen Z, et al. The Clinicopathological Features of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients with Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen. Oncology research and treatment. 2020;43(1-2):27-33. [DOI:10.1159/000504198] [PMID]
- Archin Dialameh P, Saki F, Monabbati A, Dehghanian A, Valibeigi B, Soveid M. Association of Human Parvovirus B19 with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and its Relationship with Tumor Staging and Pathologic Features. Middle East J Cancer. 2021;12(1):20-7.
- Kim EE. Thyroid Cancer: A Comprehensive Guide to Clinical Management. J Nucl Med. 2017;58(6):1013: [DOI:10.2967/jnumed.117.193177]
- Takahashi K, Kashima K, Daa T, Yokoyama S, Nakayama I, Noguchi S. Contribution of Epstein-Barr virus to development of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid. Pathol Int. 1995;45(5):366-74. [DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1995.tb03470.x] [PMID]
- Azwa A, Barton SE. Aspects of herpes simplex virus: a clinical review. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2009;35(4):237-42. [DOI:10.1783/147118909789587376] [PMID]
- Levy JA. A new human herpesvirus: KSHV or HHV8? Lancet. 1995;346(8978):786. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(95)91611-3] [PMID]
- Huang YY, Yu Z, Lin SF, Li S, Fong Y, Wong RJ. Nectin-1 is a marker of thyroid cancer sensitivity to herpes oncolytic therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(5):1965-70. [DOI:10.1210/jc.2007-0040] [PMID]
- Stamatiou DP, Derdas SP, Zoras OL, Spandidos DA. Herpes and polyoma family viruses in thyroid cancer. Oncol Lett. 2016;11(3):1635-44. [DOI:10.3892/ol.2016.4144] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Young NS. B19 parvovirus. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1995;8(1):25-56: [DOI:10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80231-8] [PMID]
- von Poblotzki A, Gerdes C, Reischl U, Wolf H, Modrow S. Lymphoproliferative responses after infection with human parvovirus B19. J Virol. 1996;70(10):7327-30. [DOI:10.1128/jvi.70.10.7327-7330.1996] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Bultmann BD, Klingel K, Sotlar K, Bock CT, Kandolf R. Parvovirus B19: a pathogen responsible for more than hematologic disorders. Virchows Arch. 2003;442(1):8-17. [DOI:10.1007/s00428-002-0732-8] [PMID]
- Griffiths PD. Burden of disease associated with human cytomegalovirus and prospects for elimination by universal immunisation. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12(10):790-8. [DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70197-4] [PMID]
- Cannon MJ, Schmid DS, Hyde TB. Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection. Rev Med Virol. 2010;20(4):202-13. [DOI:10.1002/rmv.655] [PMID]
- Soderberg-Naucler C. HCMV microinfections in inflammatory diseases and cancer. J Clin Virol. 2008;41(3):218-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2007.11.009] [PMID]
- Johnsen JI, Baryawno N, Soderberg-Naucler C. Is human cytomegalovirus a target in cancer therapy? Oncotarget. 2011;2(12):1329-38. [DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.383] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Chen T, Hudnall SD. Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection. Mod Pathol. 2006;19(5):726-37. [DOI:10.1038/modpathol.3800584] [PMID]
- Tsai JH, Tsai CH, Cheng MH, Lin SJ, Xu FL, Yang CC. Association of viral factors with non-familial breast cancer in Taiwan by comparison with non-cancerous, fibroadenoma, and thyroid tumor tissues. J Med Virol. 2005;75(2):276-81: [DOI:10.1002/jmv.20267] [PMID]
- Reeves MB, Breidenstein A, Compton T. Human cytomegalovirus activation of ERK and myeloid cell leukemia-1 protein correlates with survival of latently infected cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2012;109(2):588-93: [DOI:10.1073/pnas.1114966108] [PMID] [PMCID]
- Etemadi A, Mostafaei S, Yari K, Ghasemi A, Minaei Chenar H, Moghoofei M. Detection and a possible link between parvovirus B19 and thyroid cancer. Tumour Biol. 2017;39(6):1010428317703634: [DOI:10.1177/1010428317703634] [PMID]
- GHASEMI MR, BEHZAD BEHBAHANI A, FARHADI A, Pakdel T, ASHRAF MJ. Prevalence of BRAFV600E Mutation and Human Parvovirus B19 Infection in Thyroid Cancer. Shiraz Med J. 2019;20(6). [DOI:10.5812/semj.84207]
)