Molecular Pathology
Armin Attar; Mohsen Khosravi Maharlooei; Mohammad Nazarnia; Ahmad Hosseini; Zohre Bajalli; Yalda Sadat Moeini; Ahmad Monabati; Fatemeh Amirmoezi; Mansooreh Jaberipour; Mojtaba Habibagahi
Abstract
Background & Objective: It is not clear whether activated lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are more proliferative or less apoptotic. We aimed to delineate potential differences between B and T cells of SLE patients compared to healthy controls regarding the telomerase ...
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Background & Objective: It is not clear whether activated lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are more proliferative or less apoptotic. We aimed to delineate potential differences between B and T cells of SLE patients compared to healthy controls regarding the telomerase activity and apoptosis status. Methods: In this cross-sectional case control study, Blood samples were taken from 10 SLE patients and 10 healthy controls. B and T cells were separated using magnetic cell sorting system. Telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay and real-time PCR were used to determine the telomerase activity and the expression of alternatively spliced variants. Result: Four patients under treatment showed significant telomerase activity in their T cells. Four of the newly diagnosed patients showed telomerase activity in their B cells (20% of all patients and 40% of new onset patients). There was no specific pattern of human telomerase reverse transcriptase variant expression within the patients’ lymphocytes. A significantly reduced expression of Bcl-2 was detected in B cells (P=0.018) and a trend toward lower Bcl-2 expression in T cells was seen in SLE patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: Although not definitive, our results may suggest that B cells may have more active roles during the earlier phases of the disease attack, while T cells take over when the disease reaches its chronic stages.
Breast Pathology
Akbar Safaei; Ahmad Monabati; Maral Mokhtari; Mehdi Montazer
Abstract
The most widely used guideline for the breast cancer biomarker assessment and reporting (the 2013 ASCO/CAP guideline) does not state the unusual occurrence of cytoplasmic Her2/neu staining (1, 2).
We recently encountered a T2N1Mx ductal adeno-carcinoma which consisted of two dissimilar tumor cell populations. ...
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The most widely used guideline for the breast cancer biomarker assessment and reporting (the 2013 ASCO/CAP guideline) does not state the unusual occurrence of cytoplasmic Her2/neu staining (1, 2).
We recently encountered a T2N1Mx ductal adeno-carcinoma which consisted of two dissimilar tumor cell populations. The more prominent population (75% of tumor cells) was made up of sheets of neuroendocrine-like cells (NEL) and the other tumor cell population had a usual adenocarcinomatous histomorphology (UAC) (Fig. 1A). The NEL was ER+ (clone 073), PgR-(clone 636), 40% ki67 with distinct dot-like cytoplasmic Her2 staining (clone CB11) which is considered as negative regarding the current guidelines. The UAC was ER+, PgR+, 20% ki67, and Her2 negative (Fig. 1A-C). Moreover, NEL did not react with either chromogranin or synaptophysin, but it expressed neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Dual color Her2/neu chromogenic in situ hybridization probes (chromogenic ISH) established that both components were not amplified for this oncoprotein gene (Fig. 1D).
Uropathology
Yahya Attaran; Simin Moghdam; Ahmad Monabati; Reza Sarkeshikian
Abstract
Lymphoepithelial - like carcinoma, is rarely recognized in the urinary bladder and less commonly occurs with papillary transitional cell carcinoma i.e. mixed pattern. Also, less uncommon is the occurrence of carcinoma in situ changes in the adjacent urothelium of these tumors. Here, a case of lymphoepithelial ...
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Lymphoepithelial - like carcinoma, is rarely recognized in the urinary bladder and less commonly occurs with papillary transitional cell carcinoma i.e. mixed pattern. Also, less uncommon is the occurrence of carcinoma in situ changes in the adjacent urothelium of these tumors. Here, a case of lymphoepithelial – like carcinoma and papillary transitional cell carcinoma associated with carcinoma in situ changes of urothelium of the urinary bladder has been reported the prognosis of this type of malignancy as well as its management will be discussed. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical stains have been carried out to differentiate it from lymphoma of the urinary bladder and the findings will be discussed.
Molecular Pathology
Freidoon Solhjoo; Akbar Safaie; Ahmad Monabati; Maral Mokhtari; Moeinadin Safavi
Volume 13, Issue 4 , October 2018, , Pages 438-446
Abstract
Background and Objective: Identification of cytogenetic and molecular changes plays an important role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Thus, they are used in classification, prognosis and treatment of the disease. The CD123 expression and FLT3 gene mutations are also the variations that may ...
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Background and Objective: Identification of cytogenetic and molecular changes plays an important role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Thus, they are used in classification, prognosis and treatment of the disease. The CD123 expression and FLT3 gene mutations are also the variations that may assist in prognosis and treatment of patients with AML.Methods: This study was performed on 76 patients as new cases of AML. The correlation between CD123 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression and FLT3 gene mutations with each other as well as morphological, immunophenotypical and cytogenetic factors was studied.Results: The results represented the CD123 IHC expression in 55.3% and FLT3 gene mutations in 28.9% of cases. We found that 81.3% of patients who had FLT3/ITD gene mutations revealed IHC of CD123 expression (P=0.019). The CD123 expression against FLT3 was also correlated with monocytic differentiation in bone marrow blasts (P=0.031). There were significant correlations between IHC expression of CD123 and FLT3/ITD mutations with a high percentage of aspirated bone marrow blasts (P=0.01 and P=0.006, respectively) as well as the lack of CD34 expression in bone marrow blasts (P=0.007 and P=0.021, respectively).Conclusion: The CD123 IHC positive AMLs were correlated with certain pathologic features, some of which can be similar with correlations of background mutation of FLT3/ITD; According to the negative predictive value (NPV), 88.2% of CD123 IHC showed FLT3 gene mutation. In addition to its use in targeted therapy, it could be a marker to decide what molecular tests to use in the next steps.
Mohamad Javad Ashraf; Shahla Hosseini; Ahmad Monabati; Behnaz Valibeigi; Bijan Khademi; Elham Abedi; Negar Azarpira
Abstract
Background and objective: Oral tongue Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC) commonly involves males between the sixth to eighth decades of life. Major risk factors are tobacco usage and alcohol consumption. The increasing number of patients developing oral tongue cancer without these well-known risk factors ...
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Background and objective: Oral tongue Squamous Cell carcinoma (SCC) commonly involves males between the sixth to eighth decades of life. Major risk factors are tobacco usage and alcohol consumption. The increasing number of patients developing oral tongue cancer without these well-known risk factors suggests that a viral infection, such as Human Papillomavirus (HPV), may be responsible for this increase, by acting as an oncogenic agent. This study investigated the prevalence of HPV infection and its clinicopathologic significance in oral tongue SCCs. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from a total of 50 cases (patients with oral tongue SCC) and 50 controls (palatine tonsillar tissues with benign diagnosis) were selected. DNA was extracted from tumoral and non-tumoral tissue blocks. Detection of common HPV DNA by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and high-risk genotypes, HPV 16 and HPV 18, by conventional PCR, was achieved and the results correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results: Of the 50 patients (18 males and 32 females with a mean age of 57.36±12.18 years, and age range of 27 to 86 years), 7 (14%) had HPV positive results. None of the control group subjects had HPV DNA positive results (P-value of 0.012). The HPV genotype 16/18 was not detected in positive cases. No statistically significant association was found between HPV status and gender, age, tumor grade, tumor stage or lymph node involvement. Conclusion: Although there was a significantly higher prevalence of HPV in oral tongue SCC, its association with carcinogenesis in this area requires further studies.
