Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Knowledge of Laboratory Medicine in Medical Students: Is It Sufficient?
61
65
EN
Hiva
Saffar
0000-0003-1489-9611
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
hsaffar@sina.tums.ac.ir
Maryam
Saatchi
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
maryam.saatchi88@yahoo.com
Anahita
Sadeghi
Digestive Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
a_sadeghi@tums.ac.ir
Fahimeh
Asadi Amoli
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Farabi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
path1383@yahoo.com
Seyed Mohammad
Tavangar
0000-0002-4253-2385
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
tavangar@ams.ac.ir
Farzaneh
Shirani
Department of Emergency Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
frz.shirani@gmail.com
Ali
Aliasgari
Department of Emergency Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
alialiasgari@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.94221.1916
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">Appropriate use of laboratory testing is essential for achieving safe and effective care to patient. Insufficient knowledge could lead to poor case management and increase the health care costs. It is believed that education on laboratory testing for undergraduate medical student is inadequate. This study was designed to evaluate the level of knowledge of 5 and 6 year undergraduate medical students in field of laboratory medicine.</span><br /> <strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Totally, 59 questions including 8 basic questions concerning individual assessment of their knowledge and 51 objective questions focusing on various stages of test ordering and interpretation were asked.</span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">Thirty seven undergraduate medical students at the level of internship participated. On average, 47.9% of students evaluated themselves as “weak" in 8 self-assessment questions. There was no significant difference between responders assessment on their own knowledge in various aspects of laboratory testing (</span><em style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">P</em><span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">=0.184). In the objective questions regarding various stages of test ordering including pre-analytic, analytic and post analytic phases,45.6%,51.9% and 50% correct answers were reported ,respectively. Comparison of the level of the knowledge of the students regarding various stages of pathology testing did not show significant difference (</span><em style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">P</em><span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">=0.638).</span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Prioritizing an effective teaching method of laboratory medicine to medical students on appropriate time should be considered in medical school curriculum for better clinical decision making and optimal modern medical care.</span>
Clinical pathology,education,Laboratory medicine,Medical student
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38287.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38287_d3dc299e38f1144ef0b1faaa668f1e62.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Modified Ultrafast Papanicolaou Stain in Ultrasound Guided FNAC of Intra-abdominal Lesions
66
74
EN
Sweta
Kamalkant Shastri
Department of Pathology, N.K.P Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
dr.shwetadeepak@gmail.com
Archana
Joshi
Department of Pathology, N.K.P Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
archanajoshi2001@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.98405.1971
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';">Modified Ultra-fast Papanicolaou (MUFP) stain has been developed from Papanicolaou stain (PAP) with the goal to improve staining quality, minimize staining time for obtaining immediate cytological diagnosis and to check specimen adequacy during Ultrasound guided Fine needle Aspiration Cytology (US guided FNAC). The aim of this research was to study the cytomorphological features of intra-abdominal lesions with help of US guided FNAC and to assess the diagnostic utility of Modified Ultrafast Papanicolaou stain in cytological diagnosis.</span></span><br /> <strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px;"></strong><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';">This cross-sectional study enrolled consecutive 100 subjects in N.K.P Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur, which is a tertiary teaching hospital in India, from July 2015 to June 2017 who underwent US guided FNAC for Intra-abdominal lesions. Fine needle aspiration was done under ultrasound guidance and the smears were divided into two groups. Wet smears were fixed in 95% ethyl alcohol for conventional PAP staining and air dried for MUFP. After staining, results were evaluated on basis of the cytological features. Scores were given according to four parameters namely background of smears, staining pattern, cell morphology and nuclear staining. Quality index was calculated from the ratio of score achieved to the possible maximum score.</span></span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';">The most common organs involved were ovaries (46 %) followed by liver (11%) and most common lesions were malignant (68 %). The cytological characteristic showed significant difference in all four parameters (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px;">P</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';"><0.05) when MUFP stain smears were compared with PAP stain smears. There was also statistically significant difference when cumulative score and Quality Index were compared (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px;">P</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';"><0.001) between the two stains.</span></span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman';">The US guided Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is simple, safe, rapid and inexpensive technique useful in cytological diagnosis. MUFP stain is fast, reliable and has better diagnostic utility for cytological diagnosis when compared to PAP stain.</span></span>
Fine needle aspiration cytology,Intra-abdominal lesions,Modified Ultrafast Papanicolaou Stain,Papanicolaou Stain,Quality Index
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38288.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38288_56efbdcffea8beee2f5be0f8a07865cf.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Waterpipe (Hookah) Smokers: A Cytologic Study
75
80
EN
Mehdi
DehghanNezhad
Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
mdehghannezhad@yahoo.com
Noushin
Jalayer Naderi
0000-0002-7356-3205
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University
noushin_jly85@yahoo.com
Hasan
Semyari
Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University
h.semyari@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.101701.2010
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span><br /> <span style="text-align: justify;">Micronucleus assay of buccal mucosa cells is a simple bio- monitoring method for diagnosing the genetic damages of toxic agents. The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking on buccal mucosa cells using micronucleus assay.</span><br /> <strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong><br /> <span style="text-align: justify;">This was a case control. A total of 30 male waterpipe smokers and 30 non-smokers were included in the study. The exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were scrapped using wooden spatula and were spread over glass slides. The mean number of micronuclei was determined using Feulgen-stained slides. The number of micronuclei per 1000 cells was calculated and compared between the two groups of smokers and non-smokers.</span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong><br /> <span style="text-align: justify;">The mean number of micronuclei in waterpipe smokers and non-smokers was 1.94</span><span style="text-align: justify;" dir="RTL">±</span><span style="text-align: justify;">0.39 and 1.68</span><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"><span dir="RTL">±</span></strong><span style="text-align: justify;">0.35, respectively. The micronuclei count in waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">P</em><span style="text-align: justify;">=0). The difference between the number of waterpipe smoking and micronuclei count was significantly different (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">P</em><span style="text-align: justify;">=0).</span><br /> <strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">The mean number of micronuclei in buccal mucosa cells of waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers. The genotoxicity effect of waterpipe was dose-dependent.</span>
Assay,Buccal Mucosa,Genotoxicity test,Micronucleus,Smoking
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38292.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38292_1b5199e6c9464002a45a400a980e8ac2.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Napsin-A Expression, a Reliable Immunohistochemical Marker for Diagnosis of Ovarian and Endometrial Clear Cell Carcinomas
81
85
EN
Fatemeh
Nili
0000-0002-9835-897X
Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
f-nili@sina.tums.ac.ir
Mansoureh
Tavakoli
Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
nazanin_tavakoli68@yahoo.com
Narges
Izadi-Mood
Department of Pathology, Mohebb-e-Yas Women Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
nizadimood@yahoo.com
Hana
Saffar
Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
hana_saffar283@yahoo.com
Soheila
Sarmadi
Department of Pathology, Mohebb-e-Yas Women Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
ssarmadi@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.106598.2222
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Clear cell carcinomas (CCC) differ from other types of ovarian and endometrial carcinomas in biology, behavior and response to chemotherapy. Histopathologic diagnosis may be challenging in some situations which necessitates immunohistochemistary (IHC) assessment. In this study we investigated the diagnostic utility of Napsin-A in diagnosis of ovarian and endometrial CCCs.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Ovarian and endometrial CCC samples from 2013 to 2018 in 3 general and women’s hospital in Tehran were re-evaluated by 2 expert pathologists. Forty-two samples were included as case and 42 non-clear cell carcinomas (Non-CCC) of ovary and endometrium were selected as control group. Based on IHC study tumors with sum intensity and percentage score ≥2 (at least 1+ staining in more than 1% of tumor cells) were considered positive.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">The prevalence of endometrial and ovarian CCC in the case group were 15 and 27 respectively. The tumors in the control group included 22 cases of endometrioid, 2 high grade papillary serous carcinoma (HGSC) of endometrium, 6 endometrioid and 12 HGSC of ovary. Napsin-A positivity was observed in 35 (83%) of CCCs while 7 (17%) samples including 3 out of 15 endometrial and 4 out of 27 ovarian CCCs were Napsin-A negative. No positive reaction was seen in control group. The overall accuracy, specifity and sensitivity of Napsin-A for diagnosis of ovarian and endometrial CCCs were 83%, 100% and 83%, respectively. Sensitivity for ovarian and endometrial CCCs were 85% and 80%, orderly.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Napsin-A is an accurate and reliable marker for distinction of CCCs from non-CCCs in ovary and endometrium. A panel of antibodies may yield the highest diagnostic accuracy.</span>
Clear Cell Carcinoma,Diagnosis,Endometrium,Ovary,Napsin-A
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38303.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38303_91efbdef7f962e2182d0c6184d0faaae.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Evaluation of Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Carbapnemases-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Its Prevalence in a Referral Hospital in Tehran City
86
95
EN
Kosar
Jalalvand
0000-0002-9457-7876
Department of Pathology, Hazret-e-Rasoul Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
kowtharjalalvand@yahoo.com
Nasrin
Shayanfar
Department of Pathology, Hazret-e-Rasoul Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
nshayanfar@yahoo.com
Freshteh
Shahcheraghi
Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
shahcheraghi@pasteur.ac.ir
Elahe
Amini
Skull Base Research Center, Hazret-e-Rasoul Hospital, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
elaheaminimd@gmail.com
Masha
Mohammadpour
Medical student, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
farname.inc@gmail.com
Pegah
Babaheidarian
0000000194887228
Department of Pathology, Hazret-e-Rasoul Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
pegibh@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.111181.2188
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is a growing concern worldwide including Iran. The emergence of this pathogen is worrying as carbapenem is one of the 'last-line' antibiotics for treatment of infections caused by multi drug resistant gram- negative bacteria. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem</span><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">-</strong><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a referral hospital in Tehran, Iran.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">In this study, all positive isolates of Enterobacteriaceae recorded in blood, urine, and other body fluids were studied during April 2017 to April 2018 in a referral hospital in Tehran. All cases of resistance to carbapenems were first tested by modified Hodge test. All cases with positive or negative test, after gene extraction, were examined genotypically based on the primers designed for the three Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (</span><em style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">KPC)</em><span style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase</span><em style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"> (NDM)</em><span style="text-align: justify; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">, and OXA-48 genes by conventional PCR method.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">108 isolates (13.6%) were resistant to all cephalosporins as well as to imipenem and meropenem. In a genotypic study, including 45 isolates, 13 isolates were positive for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">OXA-48</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> gene, 11 isolates for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">OXA-48</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> and </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">NDM</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> genes, 11 isolates for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">OXA-48</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">, </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">NDM</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> and </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">KPC</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> genes, 4 isolates for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">OXA-48</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> genes and </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">KPC</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">, 3 isolates for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">NDM</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">, one isolate for </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">KPC</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">. On the other hand, two isolates were negative for all three genes examined.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">OXA-48</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> gene was one of the most common genes resistant to carbapenems in Iran. According to studies, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Iran is rising dramatically, which reduces the choice of antibiotics to treat severe infections in the future.</span>
Enterobacteriacea,Drug resistance,Microbial,Polymerase chain reaction,primer,DNA,gene
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38304.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38304_ba838a8d425fcb0f059d03fc89a1dcdb.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Assessment of Susceptibility to Five Common Antibiotics and Their Resistance Pattern in Clinical Enterococcus Isolates
96
105
EN
Sara
Masoumi Zavaryani
Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Varamin-Pishva Branch, Tehran, Iran
sara.masoumi66@gmail.com
Reza
Mirnejad
0000-0002-7297-3085
Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
rmirnejad@yahoo.com
Vahhab
Piranfar
0000-0003-3653-5739
Research and Development Department, Farname Inc., Thornhill, Canada
vahab.p@gmail.com
Mehrdad
Moosazadeh Moghaddam
0000-0002-4645-8661
Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mm.genetics@gmail.com
Nikta
Sajjadi
CNC, Center of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
n.sajadi@gmail.com
Somayyeh
Saeedi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (IAUPS)
somayyeh.saeedi@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.114009.2236
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus Species are the common cause of nosocomial infections, which are highly resistant to different antibiotics. Therefore, determination of their antibiotic susceptibility patterns and simultaneous resistance to antibiotics is important for better treatment strategies.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">400 clinical </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus </em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">isolates were collected from different hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Standard phenotypic-biochemical tests and PCR were used to identify the </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus </em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">species. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and simultaneous resistance to selected antibiotics were determined by disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines. All data analysis was performed using Python packages Scipy and Stats models.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">According to the biochemical and PCR analyses, among 400 </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus </em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">species, 72% of samples were </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus faecalis</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">, 10.75% </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus faecium</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">, and 17.25% other </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">Enterococcus </em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">species. The results determined antimicrobial resistances of these strains against gentamicin, vancomycin, fosfomycin trometamol, teicoplanin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Results confirmed a significant correlation between resistance to vancomycin and resistance to teicoplanin. This correlation remains significant when including only </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">E. faecium</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> or </span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;">E. faecalis</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;"> species. We also found a negative correlation between resistance to teicoplanin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Additionally, Quinupristin/dalfopristin was the least effective antibiotic while vancomycin and teicoplanin were the most effective ones.</span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px; font-family: 'times new roman';">Based on the results and association between simultaneous resistance to some antibiotics such as vancomycin and teicoplanin, in the case of antibiotic resistance, the choice of a second antibiotic can be very important which can lead to good or bad effects.</span>
Enterococcus faecalis,Enterococcus faecium,Multiple drug resistance,Correlation
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38257.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38257_65c945692a2321bea4fdd1bafbccf1fa.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Comparison of Diagnostic Methods in Detection of Squamous Cell Abnormalities in Iranian Women with Abnormal Pap’s Smear Test and Associated Demographic and Issues
106
116
EN
Fatemeh
Samiee Rad
0000-0001-6091-4347
Department of Pathology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
fsamieerad@gmail.com
mehdi
Ghaebi
0000-0001-7136-3886
General Physician, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
mehdighaebi667@gmail.com
Simin
Zarabadipour
0000-0003-3486-3149
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
zarabadipoursimin@yahoo.com
Arezoo
Bajelan
0000-0002-6680-7830
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
aarezoo.b@gmail.com
fatemeh
Pashazade
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
f.pashazadehb@gmail.com
Mehri
Kalhor
Department of Reproductive Health, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
mkalhor20@gmail.com
Amane
Barikani
Department of Epidemiology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
barikani.a@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.114626.2248
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">Premalignant lesions of cervix have increased dramatically in recent years. Early diagnosis and management of abnormalities have an effective role in preventing the invasion of the disease and also in timely treatment. This study aimed to compare diagnostic methods in the detection of squamous cell abnormalities with abnormal Pap smear test.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">This cross-sectional study was performed on 1000 women with abnormal Pap smears in 2007-2018. Sampling was performed with simple method. All samples were subjected to an immediate assessment of colposcopy and histopathology if suspected. The checklist included demographic information as well as symptoms, cytopathology, colposcopy and histopathology findings. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and statistical analysis (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">P</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;"><0.05).</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">A significant relationship between histopathology and Pap smear findings was found (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">P</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">=0.009), also there was a significant correlation between histopathology and colposcopy findings (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">P</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">=0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between clinical symptoms and histopathology findings (</span><em style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;">p</em><span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; text-align: justify;">=0.8). Sensitivity , specificity , positive and negative predictive value of Pap smear were 43%, 65.9%, 75.4%, 32.2% and of colposcopy were 74.7%, 39.5%, 75%, 39.1%, and of clinical symptoms were 72.6%, 28.1%, 71.1%, 29.7%, respectively.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">Pap smear findings have the appropriate diagnostic accuracy in comparison with colposcopy and histopathology findings for screening and diagnosis of squamous intra-epithelial lesions. Also, there was higher sensitivity of colposcopy compared with Pap smear to detect cervical lesions. Therefore, it is advisable to use these methods simultaneously.</span></span>
Pap smear,Cytology,Colposcopy,pathology,cervical cancer,Atypical Cervical Squamous Cells
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38305.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38305_fdec102aefe1cf4e253192ae6cbb0946.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Changes in Cytokeratin 18 during Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study
117
126
EN
Danial
Fazilat-Panah
Cancer Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
drfazilatpanah@gmail.com
Somaye
Vakili Ahrari Roudi
Department of Pathology, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
vakilis941@mums.ac.ir
Alireza
Keramati
Department of Radio-Oncology, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
keramatia941@mums.ac.ir
Azar
Fanipakdel
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
fanipa@mums.ac.ir
Mohammad hadi
Sadeghian
Department of Pathology, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
sadeghianmh@mums.ac.ir
Fatemeh
Homaei Shandiz
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
homaeef@mums.ac.ir
Soudabeh
ShahidSales
Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
shahidsaless@mums.ac.ir
Seyed Alireza
Javadinia
0000-0003-2467-837X
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
javadinia.alireza@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.116238.2261
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;">Prediction of response to neoadjuvant treatment is an important part of treatment of patients with breast cancer. This study aimed to assess changes in serum levels of Cytokeratin 18 during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer and its association with neoadjuvant treatments.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;">This research was performed on newly diagnosed breast cancer patients referred to Omid Radiotherapy Center and radiotherapy and oncology departments of Emam Reza and Ghaem hospitals, in Mashhad, Iran. Serum levels of M30 and M65 fragments of Cytokeratin 18 were measured before and 24 hours after the first course of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Changes in serum levels of Cytokeratin 18 and its fragments and their correlation with pathologic response were analyzed.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;">Pre- and post-chemotherapy levels of M30 were respectively 223.9±18.94 and 250.7±23.92 U/L (<em>P</em>=0.24). For M65, these levels were respectively 301.5±313.9 and 330.2±352.2 U/L (<em>P</em>=0.1). Changes in M30 level during chemotherapy in patients with and without pathologic complete response were -20±92.69 and 43.1±106.5, respectively (<em>P</em>=0.1). For M65, these changes were respectively -247±55 and 76±240 (<em>P</em>=0.1). Baseline levels of M30 and M65 had no relation with menopausal status, tumor grade, hormone receptor status, Ki67 expression, molecular subtype, and stage.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">Our findings showed statistically insignificant changes in the level of Caspase-cleaved- (M30) and uncleaved- (M65) cytokeratin 18 fragments (apoptotic and necrotic indicators, respectively) during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. There was no notable relationship between tumor-related factors and either baseline levels or serum changes of CK18 fragments. Also, there was no correlation between M30/M65 level and pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</span></span>
Breast carcinoma,Neoadjuvant Therapy,Cytokeratin-18,M30 cytokeratin-18 peptide,M65 cytokeratin-18 peptide
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38306.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38306_35ac16669b04b86a385364a16a3aa7ab.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Persister cells formation and expression of type II Toxin-Antitoxin system genes in Brucella melitensis (16M) and Brucella abortus (B19)
127
133
EN
Fatemeh
Amraei
Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
fatemehamrai2016@gmail.com
Negar
Narimisa
Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
n.narimisa72@gmail.com
Behroz
Sadeghi
Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
behroz.sadeghi@gmail.com
Vahid
Lohrasbi
Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
vahidlohrasbi@yahoo.com
Faramarz
Masjedian Jazi
Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
masjedian.f@iums.ac.ir
10.30699/ijp.2020.118902.2294
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="color: #0000ff;">Background & Objective:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;">Persister cells are defined as a subpopulation of bacteria that are capable of reducing their metabolism and switching to dormancy in stress conditions. Persister cells formation has been attributed to numerous mechanisms, including stringent response and Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems. This study aimed to investigate the hypothetical role of TA systems in persister cells formation of <em>Brucella</em> strains by evaluating toxins of type II TA systems (<em>RelE</em>, <em>Fic</em>, <em>Brn</em> <em>T</em>, cogT) expression.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;">Methods:</strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><em>Brucella</em> strains treated with a lethal dose of gentamicin and ampicillin and to determine the number of surviving cells, bacterial colonies were counted at different time intervals. The role of TA systems in persister cell formation was then determined by toxin expression levels using qRT- PCR method.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Result:</span></strong></span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;">Our results showed the viability of persister cells after 7 h. The results of relative qRT- PCR showed higher levels of toxin gene expression due to stress conditions, suggesting the possible role of TA systems in persister cells formation and antibiotics tolerance.</span><br /> <span style="font-family: times new roman;"><strong style="font-family: 'times new roman'; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #0000ff;">Conclusion:</span></strong></span></span><br /> <span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">The results of this study showed that considering the importance of persistence and the tolerance to antibiotics, further studies on persister cells formation and related genes such as the TA system genes in <em>Brucella</em> strains might help us to identify the precise mechanisms leading to persister cells formation.</span></span>
Brucella melitensis,Brucella abortus,Persister cell,TA systems,Real-time PCR
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38307.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38307_fd9ee80fa0cbde27d65534196d62e9df.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Desmoplastic Fibroma of the Jaws: A Case Series and Review of Literature
134
143
EN
Abbas
Karimi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
abbaskarimi@yahoo.com
Samira
Derakhshan
0000-0003-4373-9043
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dentistry School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
sderakhshan@tums.ac.ir
Monir
Moradzadeh Khiavi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dentistry School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
m-moradzadeh@tums.ac.ir
Farzaneh
Mosavat
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
farzaneh.mosavat@gmail.com
Faeze
Mirjalili
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry School, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
drfaezemirjalili@yahoo.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.103833.2049
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><strong>D</strong></span>esmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that rarely occurs in the facial skeleton. It usually presents during the first three decades of life. Due to its aggressiveness and high recurrence rate, early diagnosis is imperative, and complete surgical removal of the lesion is the treatment of choice. Herein, we present three cases of DF namely a 2 year-old girl with a mandibular DF, a 9 year-old boy with a maxillary lesion and a 1.5-year old boy with a mandibular DF. Complete clinicopathological information, treatment plan and long-term follow-up of patients are discussed. Histopathologic features of 3 cases revealed non-capsulated spindle cell tumor with fascicular or swirling patterns in incisional biopsy. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to make a definitive diagnosis. Strongly positive nuclear immunoreactivity for β-catenin confirmed the diagnosis of desmoplastic fibroma in 3 cases. Segmental mandibulectomy, partial maxillectomy and hemimandibulectomy were done for the cases. There was no recurrence in our reported cases after 8 and 11 months and 3 years follow up, respectively. It is noteworthy that despite the aggressive nature of DF, young patients often respond well to wide resection treatment.</span></span>
Benign,Desmoplastic,Fibroma,Jaw
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38308.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38308_2bfefb63eb6fc71fc1110334ae437757.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Palate: Report of a Case and Review of the Literatures
144
150
EN
Nazanin
Mahdavi
0000-0002-0691-1580
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
n-mahdavi@tums.ac.ir
Maedeh
Ghorbanpour
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
dr.mghb@gmail.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.105039.2076
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><strong>E</strong></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">pithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is considered as a rare malignant salivary gland neoplasm with good prognosis, low recurrence rate and rare metastasis. Here we present a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in a 42-year-old female with a swelling of 3-year duration in her palate. Histopathologic evaluation of the lesion demonstrated a well-circumscribed, biphasic salivary gland tumor composed of double-layered ductal/glandular structures, composed of small luminal eosinophilic cells and abluminal larger clear myoepithelial cells, and luminal cells were positive for pan-cytokeratin, while the abluminal cells exhibited strong immunoreactivity for p63. Ki-67 proliferative index was 1% in abluminal cells. In this article, histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of EMC and its mimics are discussed and the previously reported cases of EMC in the literature are summarized.</span></span>
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma,salivary gland tumor,Clear cell tumors,Head and Neck,oral mucosa
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38309.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38309_4316467a411839ac2c92fe893e58bf92.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
15
2
2020
04
01
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the Penis: An Uncommon Penile Neoplasm
151
153
EN
Sucheta
Gandhe
Department of Pathology, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
academics@manavatacancercentre.com
Rahul
Patil
Department of Pathology, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
1academics@manavatacancercentre.com
Raj
Nagarkar
Department of Surgical Oncology, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
2academics@manavatacancercentre.com
10.30699/ijp.2020.117401.2275
<span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><strong>S</strong></span>arcomatoid squamous cell carcinomas are extremely rare, high grade, aggressive variant of penile cancers. Sarcomatoid carcinoma are biphasic neoplasms with a combination of both sarcomatoid components and carcinomatous elements. These neoplasms are very rare in the urogenital system. We report a 53-year-old male presented with an ulcerated lesion on the glans penis. The rarity of this case reiterates the importance of thorough morphological and histological examination along with immunohistochemistry in diagnosing, staging, treatment and follow up of patients.</span></span>
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma,Penis,Immunohistochemistry,Case Report
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38310.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_38310_689936cb4b296322f521a985d92b82aa.pdf