Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Muscle Biopsy
63
69
EN
Elahe
Keyhani
Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
ekeyhani1058@gmail.com
Muscle biopsy has been used for a long time for diagnosis of muscular, nerurogenic and systemic disorders with muscle involvement, because only very few of these disorders show sufficient specific clinical features for definite diagnosis. Since the presence of difficulties in the screening of numerous genes, muscle biopsy could be a time and cost effective procedure for solving the diagnostic problems. The aim of this article is to mention the importance of muscle tissue in the evaluation of primary and secondary muscle diseases, special consideration of how to biopsy, handling the specimen and performing the special staining, and the microscopic findings in order to have better interpretation results.
Muscle,Biopsy,pathology
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8361.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8361_c6eca5aa574f2259609023707e7e95a7.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Cytomorphological Patterns of Nodular Lesions of Liver
70
79
EN
Alpana
Banerjee
Dept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
Rajesh
Singh Laishram
Dept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
rajeshlaishr@gmail.com
Ahongshangbam
Meina Singh
Dept. of Pathlology, Aligargh Muslim University, Imphal, India
Moirangthem
Kulachandra Singh
Depet. Of Medicine, Manipur University, Imphal, India
Durlav
Chandra Sharma
Dept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, India
Background and Objectives: Nodular lesions of liver are usually neoplastic (primary or metastatic), although inflammatory lesions can occur. The objectives of this paper were to study the cytomorphological changes in various nodular lesions of liver and to correlate the cytomorphological findings with biochemical parameters especially serum alpha-fetoprotein.
Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study consisting of 40 patients with nodular liver lesions was carried out at Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) during the period from August 2008 to July 2010 (2 years). A detailed clinical history and relevant data were collected. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings were correlated with clinical and biochemical parameters especially alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Statistical analyses of the results were done and discussed.
Results: Out of these 40 patients, 28 (70%) were male and 12 (30%) were female with a male female ratio of 2.3:1. Age of the patients ranged from 13 years to 85 years with a mean age of 47.5 yr. Regarding the FNAC diagnosis, 18 cases (45%) were non-neoplastic and 22 cases (55%) were neoplastic. Out of the total 22 malignant lesions, majorities were metastases with 14 cases (63.6%) and 8 cases (36.4%) were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 75% of HCC patients (6 cases) had markedly elevated serum AFP level (> 500 ng/ml). The association of hepatic malignancy with serum alpha-fetoprotein level was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study emphasized on unique cytomorphological patterns of distinctive liver lesions for the diagnosis by FNAC and importance of the interpretation of FNAC results along with serum alpha-fetoprotein level in the cases of malignancy
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8362.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8362_6fe70980e6798ba8815b73254b5171a8.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
No Evidence of the Th1 to Th2 Cytokine Shift during the Course of HIV Infection
80
85
EN
Safyeh
Soufian
Payame Noor University, Arak, Iran
Arezoo
Aghakhani
Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
araghakhani@hotmail.com
Minoo
Mohraz
Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad
Banifazl
Iranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Diseases, Tehran, Iran
Ali
Eslamifar
Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Zahra
Boland-Ghamat
Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Akbar
Khadem-Sadegh
Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Amitis
Ramezani
Dept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
amitisramezani@hotmail.com
<em>Background and Objectives:</em> Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in dysregulation of the cytokine profile. A switch from a T helper 1 (Th1) to a Th2 cytokine has been proposed as an important factor in progression of HIV infection to AIDS. The aim of the present study was to assess the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in HIV infected individuals in order to identify the switch from Th1 to Th2 cytokines.
<em>Materials and Methods:</em> This study was carried out on 140 HIV infected patients (21 treatment naïve and 119 under treatment) and 35 matched healthy controls refereed to Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran, Iran. The serum samples were checked with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma. The Chi-square and <em>t</em><sup>2</sup>-tests were used with the SPSS 16 package program for statistical analysis
<em>Results: </em>A total of 140 HIV positive patients with mean age 36.9±9.2 years and 35 matched controls were enrolled in the study. IL-2 level was relatively higher and IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels were relatively lower in the treatment naïve group than the under treatment group. Except for IL-2, all of the other cytokines exhibited a negative correlation with the CD4 cell counts and IFN-gamma levels showed the strongest negative correlation.
<em>Conclusion</em>: Our observations did not demonstrate switching of the type 1 to type 2 T helper cells cytokine profile in HIV infected patients and suggested more complex changes in Th1 to Th2 cytokine patterns in HIV infection.
T helper 1 (Th1),T helper 2 (Th2),Cytokine,Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8363.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8363_e2dccc31f5aefd0254e710734ecd2af9.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Incidence and Bacteriological Profile of Neonatal Conjunctivitis in Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran
86
91
EN
Abolfazl
Khoshdel
Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
nikakhosh@gmail.com
Shahla
Taheri
Dept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Reza
Khadivi
Dept. of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences,
Shahrekord, Iran
Ebrahim
Saedi
Dept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Kurosh
Ashrafi
Dept. of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj,
Iran
Reza
Imani
Dept. of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences,
Shahrekord, Iran
Faranak
Jazaeri
Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
Background and Objective: In Iran, prenatal <em>Chlamydia</em> and gonorrhea screening of pregnant women and neonatal eye prophylaxis are not routine practice. The present research aimed to identify bacterial agents of neonatal conjunctivitis.
Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on all babies born over a period from April 2007 to April 2008 in Hajar Hospital of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Babies presenting clinical signs of erythema and edema of eyelid and purulent eye discharge were considered as clinical conjunctivitis. Specimens were obtained in all cases with conjunctivitis and were performed gram staining and cultures in specific media. A simple ELISA has been performed for measurement the immunoglobin M antibody to <em>C. trachomatis</em> and positive result rechecked by indirect immunoflurescent test.
Results: During the period of one year, 223 neonates have revealed bacterial conjunctivitis. The incidence rate of neonatal conjunctivitis was 2.8%. <em>Chlamydia</em> conjunctivitis was identified in 13.6% of cases and gonococcal conjunctivitis was identified in 5.5% of cases.
Discussion: The high incidence rate of <em>Chlamydia</em> and gonococcal conjunctivitis, have revealed that the eye prophylaxis from ophthalmia neonatorum is needed promptly.
Ophthalmia Neonatorum,Incidence,Chlamydia,Gonorrhea,Iran
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8364.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8364_2a8cefbcb1b5ef6739113fba0dee93a5.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Serum Uric Acid Level and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
92
100
EN
Maryam
Sotoudeh Anvari
Dept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
maryamsotoudeh2006@yahoo.com
Mohammad Ali
Boroumand
Dept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
Mahmood
Sheikhfathollahi
Dept. of Biostatistics , Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Leila
Pourgholi
Dept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran
Hamidreza
Goodarzynejad
Dept. of Research , Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background and Objectives: The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperuricemia has been formerly studied mostly in healthy people in western countries. We tried to examine the relationship betweenhyperuricemia and MetS in an Iranian population undergoing coronary angiography.
Materials and Methods: From March 2008 to September 2008, we studied 465 patients (260 men, 55.9%) undergoing elective coronary angiography due to symptoms related to coronary artery disease. The MetS was defined according to the adapted Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III A), and hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid concentrations ≥ 7.0 mg/dl in men and ≥ 6.0 mg/dl in women. For the statistical analysis, the statistical software SPSS version 13.0 and the statistical package SAS version 9.1 were applied
Results: The mean age of the study population was 59.66 ± 10.04, ranging from 31 to 85 years. Hyperuricemia was detected in 231 (49.7%) of total population, in 126 (54.5%) of men, and in 105 (45.5%) of women. In the multivariable adjusted model, subjects with MetS and subjects with 5 components of the MetS compared to those without any components of the MetS, had 1.56-fold and 4.19-fold increased odds of hyperuricemia, respectively. Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with elevated BP and low level of HDL-cholesterolbut not with other components of MetS.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that hyperuricemia was strongly associated with the prevalence of MetS according to adapted ATP III guidelines in an Iranian sample of patients undergoing coronary angiography.
Metabolic Syndrome X,Hyperuricemia,Coronary Angiographies
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8365.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8365_4f99ca9f93906ecd686dbddead90d033.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
The Effect of Two Different Doses of Atorvastatin on Lipoprotein-A on Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
101
106
EN
Amirfarhang
Zand Parsa
Dept. of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Sara
Ashoori
Dept. of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Alireza
Abdollahi
0000-0002-5714-967X
Dept. of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
dr_p_abdollahi@yahoo.com
Background and Objectives: Lipoprotein-a potentially represents a useful tool for risk stratification in cardiovascular accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the atorvastatin effect on serum lipid profile & lipoprotein A.
Material & Methods: In 2009, 405 patients with acute coronary syndrome randomly were divided into 2 groups, taking 20 & 40 mg atorvastatin daily for 3 months. Lipid profile & lipoprotein-A serum levels were checked at the beginning of the study and also one and three months later.
Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in all measurements except in patients with unstable angina. The difference lay in the change of LP-a level after one month (<em>P</em>=0.045) and in apo-A level in all patients in the second and the third measurements compared with the first one (<em>P</em>=0.001 & <em>P</em>=0.002).
Discussion: It appears that the two doses (20mg and 40mg) of atorvastatin have a reduction effect on lipoprotein-A and serum lipid levels, but no difference is seen in the level of reduction. The 40 mg atorvastatin leaves more effects on reduction of apo-A than on the 20 mg after one and three months.
Atorvastatin calcium,Lipoprotein A,Acute Coronary Syndromes
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8366.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8366_040936f04e523300a0b0eeca1b5e7cb3.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Searching the Human Herpes 6, 7 (PCR) In CSF of Children Admitted In Pediatric Ward of Rasoul Hospital, Tehran, Iran
107
111
EN
Farideh
Ebrahimi Taj
Dept. of Infectious Disease, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Samileh
Noorbakhsh
Dept. of Infectious Disease, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
samileh_noorbakhsh@yahoo.com
Hamid Reza
Monavari
Dept. of Virology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Azardokht
Tabatabaei
Dept. of Microbiology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences
Masomeh
Bakhshyeh
Dept. of Microbiology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences
Background and Objectives: Meningoencephalitis in Iranian children is frequent, but encephalitis is rare .The frequency of HHV-6 and HHV-7 in central nervous system diseases of our children is unclear. The aim of this study was searching the DNA-s of HHV-6 & HHV-7 in CSF samples of children with meningoencephalitis
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study (2007-2009) was done in Pediatric Ward in Rasoul Hospital, Tehran Iran. Totally, 150 CSF samples obtained from children (1-180 months) with meningoencephalitis. Conventional and BACTEC Ped Plus medium, latex agglutination tests were used for ruling out the bacterial causes. We searched the DNA-s of HHV-6 & HHV-6 quantitatively by Real time - PCR in 150 CSF samples obtained from children with meningoencephalitis.
Results: 60.7 % of cases were male. Fever was reported (>38.5) in 74%; irritability in 70%; Convulsion was seen in 53% of cases. Herpes virus was detected in 12% (18/150) of cases. Both HHV-6 & HHV-7 were found in 6% of all cases. HHV-6 DNA was detected in 4.7% (6) and HHV-7 DNA was detected in 2 cases (1.4%) without any correlation to age, sex and clinical signs. HHV-6 was slightly more frequent than HHV-7.
Conclusion: Our data indicate that herpes viruses are not uncommon causes in children with meningoencephalitis. The incidence was lower than other references.
Cerebrospinal Fluids,Herpes viruses,PCR
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8367.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8367_beb932f1ac7f2b6b8ff24e5b603de479.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section in Ovarian Tumors: A 12-Year Review
112
120
EN
Maliheh
Khoddami
0000000259434458
Dept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
malihehkhoddami@yahoo.com
Parishad
Ghavam
Dept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background and objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of frozen section in ovarian tumors in one of the largest university affiliated gynecologic oncology centers in Tehran, and determine the cause of discrepancies.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of frozen section and permanent diagnoses of ovarian masses by reviewing the reports in the department of Pathology of Imam Hussein Hospital from 1997 to 2009.
Results: Among 1498 cases of ovarian lesions, only 187 patients had both frozen and paraffin section diagnoses (age range 10-82 yr). 71.7% of these cases had complete concordance, 26.7% had partial and 1.6% had no concordance. The overall sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis were 100% and 99.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of frozen section diagnosisfor benign, borderline, and malignant lesions was 99.3%, 100% and 94.9%; and the specificities were 100%, 98.9% and 99.3% respectively.
Conclusion: Our results show high sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis in ovarian masses. Pathologist’s misinterpretation was the only cause of discrepancies.
Ovary Neoplasms,Frozen Section
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8368.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8368_c084a50969574ce6560820de62abd931.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibromatous tumor with Prominent Micropapillary Pattern
121
124
EN
Maliheh
Khoddami
0000000259434458
Dept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
malihehkhoddami@yahoo.com
Maryam
Barangi
Dept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ovarian borderline serous tumors are uncommon. Combination of borderline serous adenofibromatous tumor and prominent micro papillary architecture is not previously reported. We report a case of borderline papillary serous adenofibromatous tumor (also called serous adenocarcinofibroma) with extensive micropapillary pattern in a 27 year-old married woman. She was infertile and presented with diffuse abdominal pain and dysparonia. Bilateral 5.3 and 4.5 cm solid ovarian masses were detected by sonography. Both masses were ovoid with tan-pink bosselated smooth external surfaces, and solid tan lobular cut surfaces. Microscopically, both tumors showed many papillary structures in a fibrotic stroma and contained multiple psammoma bodies. The papillae had broad hyalinized fibrotic stroma with many micropapillary projections arising from the main papilla, lined by mildly pleomorphic cuboidal cells. Mitotic activity was low with no marked nuclear atypia or stromal invasion. No extraovarian implants or metastases were identified.
Papillary Cystadenomas,Ovary,Tumor
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8369.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8369_70ad22394cd77eaa56f4ef51a6dcc7b9.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Mantle Cell Lymphoma with Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis Presenting With Intussusceptions
125
129
EN
Koyye
Ravindranath Tagore
Dept. of Pathology, MNR Medical college, Andhra pradesh, India
koyye_tagore@yahoo.com
Ramineni S
Asok Kumar
Dept. of Pathology, MNR Medical college, Andhra pradesh, India
Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that originates from small to medium sized lymphocytes located in the mantle zone of the lymph node. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal involvement in the form of multiple lymphomatous polyposis. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis due to mantle cell lymphoma presenting with intussusception is uncommon and very few cases have been reported. We are reporting a Mantle cell lymphoma with multiple lymphomatous polyposis presenting with intussusception in a 62 years old male.
Mantle-Cell Lymphomas,Intestinal Polyposis,Intususception
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8370.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8370_4885c2bae4bb54072477cc0b913923ed.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Nonfunctional Adrenocortical Carcinoma with Foci of Osseous Metaplasia in a Young Girl
130
134
EN
Srilatha
Parampalli Srinivas
Dept. of Pathology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, India
drsrilatha2003@hotmail.com
Alfred
Roy
Dept. of Pathology, KMC International Centre, Manipal University, Manipal, India
Vijay
kumar
Dept. of Paediatric Surgery, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal University, Manipal,
India
Nonfunctional adrenocortical carcinoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor in children. Unlike the functional tumor which is detected early due to its hormonal presentation, nonfunctional tumor is detected at a later stage. Here we report a case of a 10 year old girl who presented with abdominal mass and symptoms of short duration. No hypertension and cushingoid features were seen. Serum alpha-fetoprotein, urine vanillyl mandelic acid and homovanillic acid levels were not elevated. CT scan showed multiple pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastatic deposits. With gross and light microscopic findings differential diagnoses of hepatoblastoma, paraganglioma, renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical and medullary tumours were made. An array of immunohistochemical markers was done and the final diagnosis given was nonfunctional adrenocortical carcinoma with foci of osseous metaplasia.
Adrenocortical Carcinomas,bone,Metaplasia
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8371.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8371_41ea86a7f974e9686ee9f3d663b4680c.pdf
Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology
Iranian Journal of Pathology
1735-5303
2345-3656
7
2
2012
04
01
Congenital Methemoglobinemia
135
138
EN
Asma
Saadia
Dept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Mohammad
Haroon Yusaf
Dept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Azeem
Qureshi
Dept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Asim
Mumtaz
Dept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
drasim123@hotmail.com
Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare cause of cyanosis. We report a case of a girl, 17 years old with peripheral cyanosis and normal cardio-pulmonary system. She was diagnosed as a case of methemoglobinemia based on findings of polycythemia and HbM band on hemoglobin electrophoresis. We emphasize the importance of this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of cyanosis.
Methemoglobinemia,Congenital,Hb M,cyanosis
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8372.html
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8372_09addba44bcdf6c43ba39912e9ed406b.pdf