@article { author = {Bahadori, Moslem and Azizi, Mohammad Hossein and Dabiri, Shahriar and Bahadori, Neda}, title = {Effects of Human Nucleolus Upon Guest Viral-Life, Focusing in COVID-19 Infection: A Mini- Review}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.540305.2744}, abstract = {The nucleolus is a subcellular membraneless structure of eukaryotic cells. In 1965, in a world’s southern summer summit in Uruguay, the role of the nucleolus as the site of ribosome synthesis, biogenesis, and processing of tRNA was conclusively established. Today, accumulating evidence confirm the multiple functions of the nucleolus, including tRNA precursor processing, cell stress sensing, as well as being influential in gene silencing, senescence, lifespan, DNA damage response (DDR), and cell cycle regulation. Therefore, nucleolopathy is observed in various human diseases. Modern advances have provided fundamental insights concerning how and why the nucleolus is targeted by different pathogenic organisms. Viruses are major organisms that disrupt the normal function of the nucleus and produce nucleoli proteins for facilitating the replication of viruses causing viral infections. In this review, we focus on the possible role of nucleoli upon coronavirus infections, in particular coronavirus disease 2019.}, keywords = {Endotheliopathy,Nucleolus,Nucleolopathy,viral infection}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247897.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247897_00666ad566fb94d4da7885219bafe331.pdf} } @article { author = {Abolbashari, Samaneh and Shakeri, MohammadTaghi and Hami, Maryam and Gholoobi, Aida and Hooshyar Chechaklou, Amin and Damavandi, Mohammad Sadegh and Movaqar, Aref and Yousefi, Razieh and Meshkat, Zahra and Hajebi Khaniki, Saeedeh}, title = {Higher Viral Load of Polyomavirus Type BK but not JC among Renal Transplant Recipients in Comparison to Donors}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {8-14}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.535072.2690}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Polyomaviruses types BK and JC and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) have been shown to be related to kidney transplantation complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these viruses in patients receiving kidney transplantation.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 kidney transplant recipients and 44 donors. Urine samples were used for the extraction of viral DNA. The prevalence of JC and BK viruses and their viral loads were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: JC and BK viruses were identified in 31% and 92.3% of all subjects, respectively. The frequency of JC and BK cases was not statistically different between the recipient and donor groups (P>0.05). All patients in the donor group and 96.8% of the recipients were positive for CMV IgG antibody. The mean viral load of BK in donors and recipients was 4.5×1010 and 3.3×1011 copies, respectively. The mean viral load of JC was 8.6×107 copies in donors and 2.9×108 copies in recipients. The distribution of BKV was significantly higher in recipients than donors (P=0.001), while no difference was observed between the two studied groups for JCV.Conclusion: This study showed a relatively high prevalence of BK and JC viruria in both renal transplant donors and recipients. The viral load for BKV, but not JCV, was higher in recipients than in donors.}, keywords = {BK virus,Cytomegalovirus,JC virus,Renal transplant}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248526.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248526_02887062b83065c97cc918ec613805af.pdf} } @article { author = {El-hanbuli, Hala and Galal, Rehab and Darweesh, Mohammed and Elmahdi, Mohamed}, title = {Immunohistochemical Expression of Stanniocalcin 2 in Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Egyptian Study}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {15-22}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.521799.2559}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is a glycoprotein hormone over-expressed in many human cancers where it regulates tumor progression and invasion. Evaluating its expression in colorectal cancer and its relation with different clinicopathological parameters can provide valuable information about its role in colorectal cancer progression and behavior.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on tissue samples of colorectal cancer. The STC2 immunohistochemical expression was detected and evaluated in 60 cases of colorectal cancer tissue samples of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded blocks. Then statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationship between its expression level and several clinicopathological parameters in the studied cases.Results: Statistically significant associations were found between the high level of STC2 immunohistochemical expression and histological tumor grade (P<0.001), tumor depth of invasion (T stage) (P=0.004), lymph node metastasis (N stage) (P=0.001), tumor Dukes’ stage (P<0.001), the presence of lymphovascular invasion (P<0.001), and perineural invasion (P<0.001).Conclusion: STC2 over-expression in colorectal cancer may be associated with more aggressive tumor behavior including increased tumor invasion, higher histological grade, higher rate of nodal metastasis and increased incidence of lymphovascular and perineural invasions. These data suggest a potential role for STC2 as a predictive biomarker for tumor behavior in colorectal cancer patients.}, keywords = {Colorectal cancer,Immunohistochemical expression,Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2)}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248527.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248527_064105dca1e0679ff842c0b95b234b9d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbaszadegan, Mohammad Reza and Taghehchian, Negin and Aarabi, Azadeh and Nozari, Sohrab and Saburi, Ehsan and Moghbeli, Meysam}, title = {Kindlin1 As a Sex and Location Specific Diagnostic Marker in Gastric Cancer Patients}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {23-28}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.526950.2603}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is considered one of the main reasons for cancer-related mortalities among Iranians. Kindlin-1 is an adhesion protein member of integrin-interacting proteins, regulating integrin activation through direct interaction with β-integrin. Therefore, kindlin-1 can be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and adhesion. In the present study, we assessed the possible role of kindlin-1 in GC progression and metastasis.Methods:  KINDLIN1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was assessed in tumor tissues from 80 GC patients in comparison with normal tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: The levels of KINDLIN1 expressions were significantly correlated with sex (P=0.05) and tumor location (P=0.002). KINDLIN1 expression was also significantly associated with lymph node metastasis among the helicobacter pylori (HP)-negative cases (P=0.001). Moreover, a significant association between age and KINDLIN1 expression was observed among the HP-positive cases (P=0.039).Conclusion: In the present study, we introduced KINDLIN1 as a location-specific marker for cardia gastric carcinoma. Moreover, it was observed that KINDLIN1 could be used as a sex-dependent diagnostic marker of GC patients.}, keywords = {Gastric Cancer,Cell adhesion,Integrin,Helicobacter pylori,Extra Cellular Matrix}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247995.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247995_13dc71a85e4240fe3ff5585e32c05565.pdf} } @article { author = {Jafari Oliayi, Amin and dabiri, Shahriar and Asadi, Malek Hossein}, title = {LncRNA SNHG6 Silencing Could Arrest Progression of High Grade Colorectal Cancers}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {29-36}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.527781.2610}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC), like other cancers, needs faster and more accurate identifications. A well-timed prognosis of CRC could be an important turning point in the survival of patients. Supplementary signs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), could be helpful for this purpose. A new possible biomarker for CRC identification is introduced by this study.Methods:  RNA extraction was performed by the RNX-Plus solution for 64 tumor and non-tumor tissues. Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) were synthesized, and quantitative real-time PCR was performed for relative expression level measurement and the data was analyzed statistically using the Prism 6 software. For Small nucleolar host gene 6 knockdown, siRNA was designed based on Reynolds rules. The cells were cultured in their appropriate media, and the siRNA-lipofectamine complex was formed. The transfection complex was presented for sw48, sw480, and sw1116 as CRC cells with different grades. After transfection, the SNHG6/β actin ratio was determined. Then, the distribution of siRNA-treated cells was determined by the Partec flow cytometer instrument and analyzed by the FloMax software.Results: SNHG6 was more expressed in CRC tumors than non-tumor tissues. In tumor tissues, SNHG6 upregulation and tumors’ grade progression were concurrent. SNHG6 was upregulated in cases with lymphovascular invasion than in cases with perineural invasion. The knockdown of SNHG6 conduced to G1 arrest in CRC cells, more noticeably in high-grade ones.Conclusion: SNHG6 could be applied as a consideration to differentiate tumor and non-tumor tissues and grade definition in colorectal malignancies, and it could participate in colorectal tumor formation as a cell cycle progressive factor.}, keywords = {Cell cycle,Colorectal cancer,Long non-coding RNAs}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248591.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248591_5b881c5439efe2d6c0e6d04d0967270b.pdf} } @article { author = {Javadi, Abdolreza and Dabiri, Shahriar and Shamsi Meymandi, Manzumeh and Hashemi-Bahremani, Mohammad and Soleimantabar, Hussein and Dabiri, Bahram and Vosough, Houman and Gheidi Sharan, Maryam and Sedaghati, Farnoosh}, title = {Changes of Routine Hematological Parameters in COVID-19 Patients: Correlation with Imaging Findings, RT-PCR and Outcome}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {37-47}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.533645.2675}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is progressively spreading, and many researchers have focused on the prognostic value of laboratory analyses. This study reviewed routine blood parameters, upper respiratory viral load, and chest imaging in recovered and expired COVID-19 patients and evaluated possible correlations.Methods: In this retrograde study, 138 COVID-19 cases were enrolled. Chest tomography scores of patients, routine hematologic and  biochemical parameters, and respiratory viral loads were measured. Furthermore, their correlation with severity of disease  and the outcome was investigated during a week of admission.Results: The mean age of participants was 58.6±16;  36.2% of whom were diagnosed as critical, 8.7% expired, and 46% showed less than 50% lung opacity. The expiring rate was only correlated to the severity of illness and viral load. During admission, hemoglobin concentration was decreased in critical patients (from 11.49±0.27 to 10.59±0.36, P=0.042) and also among CT-scan scoring groups (P=0.000), while neutrophils (P=0.04), WBC (P=0.03), and platelets (P=0.000) count were increased. In patients with more than 50% lung opacity, leukocyte counts were decreased, but neutrophil and platelets counts showed raise (all P<0.05), while other hematologic parameters did not change. CRP and LDH demonstrated no  increase based on the severity of the illness, RT-PCR viral loads and/or outcome. However, both CRP and LDH were increased in patients with more than 50% lobal opacity (CRP: 69.3±9.9 to 1021.1±7.5 and LDH:589.5±93.2 to 1128.6±15.81, P<0.05).Conclusion: We found that hemoglobin, white blood cells, neutrophil, lymphocytes, and platelets count together with chest tomography score might be beneficial for expedition the  diagnosis, assessmen the severity of the disease, and outcome in the hospitalized cases, while CRP and LDH might be considered as the consequence of lung involvement.}, keywords = {COVID-19,Hematology,Tomography scanners,Viral load}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248592.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248592_62c30ecc501e40442e070a9ab5c6da4e.pdf} } @article { author = {Naik, Shramika and More, Swapnil and Joshi, Sneha}, title = {Correlation of Histomorphological Findings with Bacteriological Index in Leprosy Patients}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {48-55}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.534122.2682}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Leprosy is characterized by various clinicopathological forms depending on the host's body. Therefore, the correlation of histopathological findings with bacteriological index is helpful in diagnosing, classifying, and monitoring the treatment. We aimed to analyze the histomorphological correlation with the bacteriological index in different types of leprosy. Then, study the histopathological spectrum of leprosy.Methods:  We carried out a histomorphological study of skin biopsies obtained from 100 new patients tested clinically in OPD (Out Patients Department) on the basis and calculation of bacteriological index on a slit-skin smear. The histomorphological correlation with the bacteriological index was to be found in different types of leprosy.Results: In the histopathological studies, 52% of the patients were diagnosed with borderline tuberculoid (BT) followed by 20% with borderline lepromatous (BL), 13% with lepromatous leprosy (LL), 8% with tuberculoid (TT), 4% with histoid Hansen's disease, and 3% with mid-borderline (BB). On the clinical and histopathological examinations, correlation was found for 80% of the cases. Considering the histopathological correlation with the bacteriological index, 63% of the cases showed good correlation which was comparable with that of other studies.Conclusion: Because of the underlying symptoms of leprosy, there is a difference between different types of leprosy and the clinical and environmental perceptions. Thus, the correlation of clinical, histopathological, and bacteriological index could be more helpful in the diagnosis of leprosy rather than considering only one parameter.}, keywords = {Hansen’s disease,Leprosy,Slit-skin smear,Bacteriological index}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247997.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247997_3a89e30abd3704a07afd6269ff975b9c.pdf} } @article { author = {Kalantari, Mahmoud Reza and Jahanshahi, Mohammad Ali and Gharib, Masoumeh and Hashemi, Sara and Kalantari, Shakiba}, title = {Direct Smear Versus Liquid-Based Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bladder Lesions}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {56-64}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.528171.2646}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Urine cytology is an important diagnostic method for urinary tract cancers (especially carcinomas), which is suitable for follow-up of residual urothelial tumors after surgery of malignant bladder tumors. In this study, for the first time, liquid-based cytology (LBC) was used in cervical cytology. Compared to direct smear cytology (DSC), LBC reduced background elements (including cellular debris, inflammatory cells, and blood cells), provided better cell preservation, and had a higher satisfaction rate. In this study, we performed two different methods (DSC and LBC) to detect bladder lesions; also, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of these methods.Methods:  A total of 146 samples were taken from patients with suspected bladder cancer and processed for direct smear and LBC. In both methods, findings were reported according to the Paris System. Then, patients underwent cystoscopy and biopsy. Next, the accuracy of cytology methods was evaluated according to biopsy reports. The sensitivity and specificity of these methods were also calculated.Results: Credit indices obtained for the direct smear method included sensitivity (62.5%), specificity (89%), positive predictive value (89.5%), and negative predictive value (91.5%). For LBC methods, credit indices included sensitivity (85.7%), specificity (99%), positive predictive value (96%), and negative predictive value (96%). Agreement between the two methods was statistically significant (P<0.000) in negative biopsies but not in positive biopsies (P>0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that LBC has higher sensitivity and specificity than the direct smear.}, keywords = {Bladder cancer,Direct Smear,Liquid-based Cytology,Urine Cytology}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247350.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247350_de9c73afadfda796b016a8a97ce59a03.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdollahi, Alireza and Salarvand, Samaneh and Mehrtash, Vahid and Jafarzadeh, Bita and Salehi, Mohammadreza and Ghalehtaki, Reza and Nateghi, Saeed}, title = {The Performance of SARS-CoV-2 Serology Testing in the Diagnosis of COVID-19}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {65-70}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.526032.2597}, abstract = {Background & Objective: COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been a reference test for diagnosing a disease since the very beginning of the pandemic. COVID-19 serology tests have also been developed and used to estimate the prevalence of individuals who have already been infected. We aimed to evaluate the performance of serology tests for the diagnosis of patients who had been referred to medical centers with acute symptoms.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 80 individuals suspected of COVID-19 who had been referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were examined. Upper respiratory tract specimens for RT-PCR and blood samples for COVID-19 IgM and IgG antibody level tests were collected and the results were compared.  Results: The overall proportion in agreement, the agreement between positive results, and the agreement between negative results when comparing RT-PCR and IgM serology test were 40% (kappa = -0.006, P = 0.9), 32%, and 66.6%, respectively, and when comparing RT-PCR and IgG serology test were 46% (kappa = -0.006, P = 0.94), 43.5%, and 55.5%, respectively.Conclusion: The absence of a gold standard method for the diagnosis of COVID-19 makes it very challenging to determine the true sensitivity and specificity of different methods. The study results revealed no agreement between the two methods; so the RT-PCR test for upper respiratory tract specimen cannot be replaced with COVID-19 serology test for the diagnosis of patients with acute symptoms.}, keywords = {Antibody,COVID-19,SARS-CoV-2,serology}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246815.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246815_1180da97b0c67252d07ff41ca476f5f6.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdollahi, Alireza and Salarvand, Samaneh and Mehrtash, Vahid and Jafarzadeh, Bita and Ghalehtaki, Reza and Nateghi, Saeed}, title = {Is There A Correlation Between COVID-19 and Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Serum Antibody Level?}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {71-74}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.528077.2615}, abstract = {Background & Objective: The prevalence of COVID-19 and its severity have been observed to be on a lower level in underdeveloped countries with poorer standards of hygiene. This disparity may be attributed to the higher seroprevalence of other viral diseases which can result in the presence of antibodies protective against COVID-19. Two of the widespread diseases in such countries are infection to hepatitis A and E viruses (HAV and HEV). In the present study, we explored the relationship between the level of antibodies against these viruses and the susceptibility to COVID-19.Methods: Ninety patients were studied in two groups of controls and cases each consisting 45 individuals. The cases were patients with the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and positive RT-PCR test results. The controls were individuals referred to the respiratory triage of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex and were not demonstrating relevant clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and their RT-PCR test results were negative. Levels of HAV and HEV antibodies were measured and compared in these two groups.Results: The median of HAV antibody level was 13.6 (IQR=11.5-16.9) and 13.2 (IQR =10.7-14.7) in cases and controls, respectively, showing no statistically significant difference (P = 0.1). Likewise, the median of HEV antibody level was 6.7 (IQR=5.3-7.1) and 7.1 (IQR=6.3-7.5) in cases and controls, respectively, which again showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.41).Conclusion: The present study was carried out in a region with a relatively high prevalence of HAV and HEV infections. Contrary to our expectations, no statistically significant relationship was observed between the levels of antibodies against these viruses and the susceptibility to COVID-19. Further studies with larger sample sizes and in other countries are needed to come to a definite conclusion.}, keywords = {COVID-19,Hepatitis A virus,Hepatitis E virus,Polymerase chain reaction,Seroprevalence}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246816.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246816_e891e87292de34df236130556ae5b338.pdf} } @article { author = {Holah, Nanis and Serag El-Dien, Marwa and Mahmoud, Shereen}, title = {The Expression of Autophagy Markers Beclin1 and LC3B in Prostatic Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Case-Control Study}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {75-84}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.530887.2649}, abstract = {Background and Objective: Prostatic carcinoma represents the second most common cancer diagnosed in men worldwide after lung cancer and the fourth common male malignancy in Egypt. Autophagy is a natural process that has both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive activities. This study aims to evaluate the role of Beclin1 and LC3B in prostatic carcinoma.Methods: This retrospective case-control study was conducted on 110 prostate biopsies divided into two groups (55 prostatic carcinoma, 45 pure benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 10 BPH with adjacent prostatic carcinoma) retrieved from the archive of the Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, in the period between 2017 and 2020. All cases were stained for Beclin1 and LC3B antibodies. Results: There was a highly significant association between higher Beclin1 and LC3B immunoreactivity score and Gleason score (score 8 and 9) (P=0.002 and 0.000, respectively). Moreover, there was a highly significant direct association between Beclin1 and LC3B expression (r=0.52, P=0.000). Also, there was a significant stepwise increase in Beclin1 positivity among the three studied groups starting from BPH to prostatic carcinoma passing through cases of BPH with neighboring tumor (P=0.000).Conclusion: From the results obtained in the present study, autophagy markers Beclin1 and LC3B were upregulated in prostatic carcinoma. Moreover, both were associated with bad prognostic factors. So, it might be necessary to control autophagy flux in prostatic carcinoma. This might be one of the future therapeutic targets for the management of prostatic carcinoma.}, keywords = {Beclin1,LC3B,Immunohistochemistry,Prostatic carcinoma}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246525.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246525_5577e8dbe4d5faede3f0e2cf51bdf595.pdf} } @article { author = {Sarkardeh, Maryam and Dalili, Amin and Tayyebi Meibodi, Naser and Izanlu, Mostafa and Davari-Sani, Seyed Javad and Moghaddamzade, Saeed and Jamalinik, Mehdi and Hosseini, Seyed Javad and Koushki, Javad and Abedia, Ali}, title = {Intestinal Infarction in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {85-90}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.525280.2600}, abstract = {Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a potential health risk factor continues to spread throughout the world. Although common symptoms include headache and respiratory symptoms, some studies have suggested that COVID-19 may cause coagulation disorders and thrombolytic events, disrupt blood flow to the visceral organs, and cause some complications such as mesenteric ischemia. The authors reported four cases of acute mesenteric ischemia associated with COVID-19 confirmed in patients hospitalized in Imam Reza Hospital (a COVID-19 referral center in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran). The authors described the pathological findings that may be associated with this infection. The authors collected clinical data, imaging, microscopic, and operative findings of four patients with severe COVID-19 infection and evidence of intestinal necrosis. These four cases that all had severe COVID-19 pneumonia simultaneously showed intestinal necrosis during the infection process, indicating a relationship between coronavirus and mesenteric vascular events. Physicians should be aware of thrombosis symptoms in the digestive system in patients with severe COVID-19 disease.}, keywords = {Abdominal CT Scan,COVID-19,Mesenteric Ischemia,Thrombosis}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247443.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_247443_a8a7493c43c9b69b9475ac43ec312236.pdf} } @article { author = {Samiee Rad, Fatemeh and Emami, Ali}, title = {Synchronous Occurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Medullary Carcinoma in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Multi Nodular Goiter Background}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {91-96}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.527288.2606}, abstract = {Background & Objective: Coexistence of follicular epithelial and bilateral parafollicular cells derivative of carcinomas in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and multinodular goiter background are a very rare event. Of course, all benign and malignant thyroid lesions are more prevalent in iodine deficient areas. It seems that the context for identifying the pathways influencing thyroid carcinogenesis especially coincidence form has not yet been fully understood and needs further investigation. Here, we present a case with the synchronous occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and multinodular goiter background.Case presentation: A 54-year-old woman complained of a painless mass in the anterior region of the neck. The physical examination of the patient revealed multiple nodules in her thyroid gland. In ultrasound findings, she had thyroid enlargement associated with multiple isoechoic and hypoechoic nodules in both lobes. Thyroid fine needle aspiration results suggested the diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and multinodular goiter background. The frozen sections, permanent sampling, and IHC examination showed the coexistence of papillary thyroid carcinoma with bilateral medullary thyroid carcinoma in Hashimoto's disease and multinodular goiter background.Conclusion: Studies debated about the risk factors of these pathologies including the same environmental issues or mutations in genomes and they emphasized surgeons should be aware of these lesions for diagnosis and interventional treatments. Following up the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and multinodular goiter is required for detecting occult malignancies, and hence the right management and treatment should be performed.}, keywords = {ashimoto’s thyroiditis,Medullary carcinoma,Multinodular Goiter,Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma,Synchronous neoplasm}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246812.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246812_316f62d2e974a5902de90ae1a16f29c9.pdf} } @article { author = {Mirzaian, Elham and Asgarikarchekani, Shafighe and Abdoli, Ashkan}, title = {A Rare Case of Brain Metastasis from dedifferentiated Acinic Cell Carcinoma of Parotid Gland and Review of the Literature}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {97-103}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.530574.2645}, abstract = {Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a low or intermediate-grade malignant epithelial neoplasm of the salivary glands that generally shows an indolent behavior. Most cases arise in the major salivary glands, especially the parotid gland. ACC is usually known as a low-grade malignant tumor; however, poorly differentiated and high-grade transformed variants have been reported and may have a tendency for late recurrence and metastasis.Our case was a 49-year-old woman with a history of a right parotid rapidly growing mass lesion, which was cytologically diagnosed as monomorphic adenoma on fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Finally, the diagnosis of ACC with dedifferentiated components was reported followed by parotidectomy. After 30 sessions of radiotherapy, she presented with hemifacial paresis. An imaging examination of the brain showed intracranial hemorrhage, and she underwent a craniotomy. We performed histopathological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) examinations and diagnosed metastatic ACC with the dedifferentiated components.Few studies have reported ACC cases with dedifferentiated components and aggressive behavior, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first published English report from the Persian population.}, keywords = {Acinic cell carcinoma,Dedifferentiation,Metastasis,Neoplasm,Salivary Gland}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246813.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246813_a3481f4a27226109a1dc05ae43c5c08d.pdf} } @article { author = {Nazar, Elham and Mashadi, Shabnam and Moradi, Golnaz}, title = {Recurrent Cranial Chondrosarcoma: A Case Report}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {104-107}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.532878.2663}, abstract = {Chondrosarcoma of the cranium is a rare malignancy. The result of treatment is challenging to assess because the slow-growing rate means that there is a long interval previously discovering the recurrence and last long time to diagnosis of recurrence. This report describes a 38-year-old man who presented with a generalized seizure 2 months before his referral. The patient underwent excisional surgery. The histological examinations revealed a cartilage developing tumor compatible with chondrosarcoma. The radiologic and histologic correlation established the diagnosis. But, the patient had two episodes of recurrence after surgery. We determined that intracranial chondrosarcoma must be comprised in the differential diagnosis of a mass with calcification on cranial imaging. Accurate diagnosis is obligatory for supplementary patient managing, and a recurrence is more common in patients only treated by surgery.}, keywords = {Cranial,Chondrosarcoma,Recurrence}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248649.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248649_af0f067ac7a0825d86a6bd2c6cf7fd63.pdf} } @article { author = {B, Sabarinath and GB, Protyusha and S, Dhanarathna and Prakash, Kaushik}, title = {The Odontogenic Keratocyst Conundrum- Is There an Answer?}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {108-109}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.529691.2636}, abstract = {Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a unique developmental odontogenic cyst which seem to be controversy’s favourite child since the time of its inception. This lesion has garnered special attention over the last two decades owing to the increasing confusion over its nomenclature and classification. Whether the change in category of OKC ends here or continues in the future will be an interesting watch. This commentary thus provides an insight into the ongoing debate and attempts to provide a constructive criticism on the same.}, keywords = {Odontogenic keratocyst,OKC,Developmental cyst,Neoplasms,WHO,Controversy,Classifications}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246814.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_246814_57acccc3b49e92f06ccfc2b3b361e460.pdf} } @article { author = {Eini, Mohammad and Dadaie- Joushagani, Haniyeh and Miri-Moghaddam, Ebrahim}, title = {The Effect of Sex Discordance on Blood Transfusion Reactions}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pathology}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {110-111}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of Pathology}, issn = {1735-5303}, eissn = {2345-3656}, doi = {10.30699/ijp.2021.534237.2683}, abstract = {One of the most important ways to prevent blood transfusion reactions is to choose a suitable donor. Donated blood bags are checked at the time of administration for infectious agents and the compatibility of blood groups between the donor and the recipient. However, gender mismatch is ignored, which can cause complications following injection.}, keywords = {Gender,Blood Transfusion,Reaction}, url = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248000.html}, eprint = {https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_248000_274d3fde3f82dfd27d8ec7d098bf7c2f.pdf} }