GI, Liver & Pancreas Pathology
Alireza Khooei; Sahar Seifnia; Amin Dalili; Hossein Bavandi; Saeid Dehghan Nezhad; Motahare Ebrahimnejad
Abstract
Malignant melanoma of the small intestine is mostly a metastatic tumor of other primary lesions, especially of skin origin. Primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine is very uncommon. The clinical presentation is usually nonspecific, thus leading to late diagnosis.We report a 42-year-old man ...
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Malignant melanoma of the small intestine is mostly a metastatic tumor of other primary lesions, especially of skin origin. Primary malignant melanoma of the small intestine is very uncommon. The clinical presentation is usually nonspecific, thus leading to late diagnosis.We report a 42-year-old man who presented to the emergency department of Imam-Reza Hospital with symptoms and signs of peritonitis and was a candidate for emergency laparotomy and enterectomy. The medical and family history were unremarkable. A bulky mass was seen, 190 cm away from the Treitz band, and a diagnosis of malignant melanoma was confirmed by histologic and immunohistochemical study. Further clinical examination revealed no primary tumor elsewhere, so the diagnosis of primary small intestinal melanoma was concluded.Although metastatic malignant melanoma in the GI tract is common, the primary one is a very rare entity. The diagnosis could be challenging because a thorough investigation is needed to rule out the possible initial origin.
Biology & Genetic
Narjes Seid Alian; Parvin khodarahmi; Vahid Naseh
Volume 13, Issue 4 , October 2018, , Pages 408-414
Abstract
Background: Cadmium is a potent toxicant and carcinogenic in human and experimental animals. The evidence indicates that cadmium induces aberrant gene expression, inhibition of DNA damage repair, and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of IP (intraperitoneal) injection of cadmium on ...
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Background: Cadmium is a potent toxicant and carcinogenic in human and experimental animals. The evidence indicates that cadmium induces aberrant gene expression, inhibition of DNA damage repair, and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of IP (intraperitoneal) injection of cadmium on mRNA levels expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes in rat small intestine. Methods: 28 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 grams were randomly distributed into 4 groups. Group 1 received saline while the animals in groups 2-4 were injected cadmium at doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg of cadmium for 15 successive days. One day after the last injection, the small intestine was dissected and the mRNA levels expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes was evaluated using Real Time PCR technique. Results: Cadmium increased the mRNA levels of Bax gene compared to the control group at 2 and 4 mg/kg (p < 0.01) in small intestine of rats. The mRNA levels of Bcl-2 gene decreased significantly compared to the control group at 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg (p < 0.001) in small intestine of rats. Conclusion: These results showed Cadmium exposure induced cell apoptosis by increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio expression.
