Uropathology
Manish Shetty; Deepa Sowkur Anandarama Adiga; Chaithra GV
Abstract
Background & Objective: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare malignancy. It is usually caused by chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV 18 infections. This study was conducted to investigate the immunohistochemical overexpression of p16, a surrogate marker for HPV, and ...
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Background & Objective: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an extremely rare malignancy. It is usually caused by chronic human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and HPV 18 infections. This study was conducted to investigate the immunohistochemical overexpression of p16, a surrogate marker for HPV, and to evaluate its usefulness as a potential diagnostic biomarker.Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective and retrospective cohort study, 56 penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens and five penile premalignant specimens were evaluated in Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India, from January 2013- December 2018 in terms of clinical and histopathological features. Immunohistochemical expression for p16 in cases and controls was evaluated. Statistical comparison of p16 expression among clinical features, histological subtype, grade, and stages of tumor were done.Results: Analysis of the pattern of p16 staining showed diffuse and strong nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in 32.8% of cases. There was a highly significant association (P<0.001) of pattern of p16 expression among the HPV and non-HPV subtypes of penile carcinoma. p16 expression was not significantly associated with other prognostic parameters like the site of lesion, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, histologic grade, and pathologic stage.Conclusion: The expression of p16 would be a useful tool in the discrimination between the HPV-associated and non-HPV-associated subtypes of penile SCC that helps to predict the aggressiveness and invasive potential of the respective histologic subtypes.
Abhimanyu Sharma; Meera Sikka; Sunil Gomber; Satendra Sharma
Abstract
Background & Objectives: In sepsis, enhanced fibrin formation, impaired fibrin degradation, and intravascular fibrin deposition lead to a prothrombotic state. The current study aimed at measuring various coagulation parameters to predict an early marker for disseminated intravascular coagulation ...
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Background & Objectives: In sepsis, enhanced fibrin formation, impaired fibrin degradation, and intravascular fibrin deposition lead to a prothrombotic state. The current study aimed at measuring various coagulation parameters to predict an early marker for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Methods: The current prospective study was conducted from January 2012 to April 2013 on 50 children aged 1-10 years with clinically suspected sepsis referred to the Department of Pediatrics of a tertiary care center in New Delhi, India. Patients were evaluated in accordance with criteria for acute infection (i e, symptoms less than seven days) confirmed in all patients in the laboratory. Patients receiving antibiotics 24-48 hours preceding the admission were excluded from study. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma fibrinogen, and D-dimer were measured at the time of admission in 50 patients and 50 controls. Results: D-dimer was positive in 36 (72%) patients and negative in all controls. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Plasma fibrinogen was significantly (P <0.01) higher in patients compared with the controls. It was decreased in 6% and increased in 8% of the patients, and normal in all controls. PT and APTT were significantly (P <0.01) higher in patients compared with the controls. Conclusion: Though none of the current study patients developed overt disseminated intravascular coagulation, the high positivity for D-dimer suggested that it should be measured in children with sepsis for early identification of DIC. This can aid better management as additional coagulation based therapy such as recombinant anti-thrombin and thrombomodulin may help to improve prognosis.
Biplab Biswas; Subrata Pal; DhrubaJyoti Moulick; Mrinal Sikdar
Volume 11, Issue 5 , October 2016, , Pages 427-430
Abstract
Isolated hepatic tuberculoma is localized hepatic tuberculosis (TB) without bile duct involvement, which presents as solitary or multiple nodular mass lesion of liver mimicking a neoplastic lesion in radiological evaluation. Clinical presentation and biochemical tests for liver functions show non-specific ...
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Isolated hepatic tuberculoma is localized hepatic tuberculosis (TB) without bile duct involvement, which presents as solitary or multiple nodular mass lesion of liver mimicking a neoplastic lesion in radiological evaluation. Clinical presentation and biochemical tests for liver functions show non-specific abnormality, which is not helpful for diagnosis. As the treatment, modality of isolated hepatic tuberculoma is anti-tubercular drugs. Prognosis is very good in comparison to other differential diagnoses. We are presenting such a rare case of isolated hepatic tuberculoma from tribal area of Bankura district, West Bengal, India in a 38-yr female patient presenting as fever, abdominal pain and solitary nodular lesion on radiological evaluation . Even different imaging modalities cannot make accurate diagnosis of isolated hepatic tuberculoma where simple biopsy and histopathology of the lesion can confirm the diagnosis.
Nagarekha Kulkarni
Abstract
One of the unusual variant of ovarian tumor is sex cord stromal tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT). The recurrence in case of malignant ovarian SCTAT ranges from 3mo to 20yr. This report describes the case of recurrence of SCTAT in a 35yr old woman after 4yr of hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-Oopherectomy. ...
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One of the unusual variant of ovarian tumor is sex cord stromal tumor with annular tubules (SCTAT). The recurrence in case of malignant ovarian SCTAT ranges from 3mo to 20yr. This report describes the case of recurrence of SCTAT in a 35yr old woman after 4yr of hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-Oopherectomy. Microscopic examination revealed features of SCTAT. Because of its unusual behavior evidenced by delayed recurrence in spite of bland cellular features, proper long term follow–up is essential.
Subrata pal; Jyoti Prakash Phukan; Sanjay Sengupta; Anuradha Sinha
Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2015, , Pages 65-68
Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant adnexal tumor of ductal portion of eccrine sweat gland. It occurs commonly in the lower extremities and rarely in scalp, face, ear, trunk and upper extremities. This survey presents a classic case of eccrine porocarcinoma of scalp in a 58 yr old male patient, ...
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Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant adnexal tumor of ductal portion of eccrine sweat gland. It occurs commonly in the lower extremities and rarely in scalp, face, ear, trunk and upper extremities. This survey presents a classic case of eccrine porocarcinoma of scalp in a 58 yr old male patient, presenting as cauliflower like growth over parietal aspect of scalp.
Sunita Singh; Megha Ralli; Sonia Hasija; Renuka Verma
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare nerve sheath tumor derived from Schwann cells or pleuripotent cells of neural crest. Neurogenic tumors make about 10-20% of all mediastinal tumors. Incidence of MPNST is 0.001% in general population and 0.16% in patients with neurofibromatosis ...
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Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a rare nerve sheath tumor derived from Schwann cells or pleuripotent cells of neural crest. Neurogenic tumors make about 10-20% of all mediastinal tumors. Incidence of MPNST is 0.001% in general population and 0.16% in patients with neurofibromatosis I (NF I). We report a case of 60 year female presenting with progressive cough and breathlessness for 2 years. The CECT revealed multiple focal enhancing lesions along inferior mediastinal pleural surface and along lateral pleural surface. A thoracotomy and tumor excision was done and MPNST was diagnosed on microscopy and immunohistochemistry. This case highlights that this unusual tumor may involve lung parenchyma. So this possibility should be kept in mind in patients with intrathoracic mass.
Shelly Sehgal; Prashant Goyal; Soumyesh Ghosh; Deepti Mittal; Sompal Singh
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 237-244
Abstract
In patients with malignancy, the common etiologies of granuloma formation are tumor related sarcoid reaction, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and other granulomatous diseases. Often, the finding of granulomas in malignant patients may obscure the primary malignancy or may mislead towards treatment of infectious ...
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In patients with malignancy, the common etiologies of granuloma formation are tumor related sarcoid reaction, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis and other granulomatous diseases. Often, the finding of granulomas in malignant patients may obscure the primary malignancy or may mislead towards treatment of infectious and other etiologies. Hence, their proper recognition and necessary follow up is needed to establish the cause of granulomatous lesions and for proper management of patients.
Leena Jayabackthan; Jayaprakash Chandrashekar; Nisha Jayashankar Marla; Muktha Ramesh Pai
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 273-276
Abstract
Myeloid Sarcoma (MS) is a tumor mass consisting of myeloblast with or without maturation occurring at an anatomical site other than the bone marrow. Incidence of MS ranges from 1-9% and is most commonly misdiagnosed as Non Hodgkins Lymphoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma. MS can occur in various ...
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Myeloid Sarcoma (MS) is a tumor mass consisting of myeloblast with or without maturation occurring at an anatomical site other than the bone marrow. Incidence of MS ranges from 1-9% and is most commonly misdiagnosed as Non Hodgkins Lymphoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma. MS can occur in various sites but nasal cavity involvement is rare. Here we report acaseof MS presenting as nasal polyp since 2 weeks in a 30 year old male patient who presented to Otolaryngology department of Father Muller Medical College Hospital, India in 2012. Patient was eventually found to have Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). This case highlights the importance of hematological and histological correlation coupled with Immunohistochemistry which is mandatory for the accurate diagnosis of this rare entity.
Palash Kumar Mandal; Abhigyan Pandey; Supti Mukhopadhyay; Shravasti Roy
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 277-280
Abstract
Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disorder caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic parasite. It spreads through contaminated water and soil. It frequently involves the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Disseminated or systemic lesions are rare. A 56 year old man presented with multiple tumor like ...
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Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disorder caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic parasite. It spreads through contaminated water and soil. It frequently involves the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Disseminated or systemic lesions are rare. A 56 year old man presented with multiple tumor like lesions all over the body in our cancer institute in April 2012. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the skin lesions revealed many sporangia and spores of R. seeberi. He had history of nasal mass being removed by excision and was immunocompetent. Histopathological examination and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain confirmed it to be disseminated rhinosporidiosis. His accessible lesions were excised with cautery and he was put on oral dapsone therapy. He did not show recurrence till six months of therapy. A common lesion with an uncommon presentation should not be missed which can increase the morbidity and even mortality in such a case.
Sant Prakash Kataria; Ashima Batra; Gajender Singh; Ekta Boombak; Sanjay Kumar; Rajeev Sen
Volume 9, Issue 4 , October 2014, , Pages 281-284
Abstract
Eosinophilic cholecystitis (EC) is a rare entity that presents in a manner comparable to acute cholecystitis. The diagnosis is based on classical symptoms of cholecystitis with the presence of eosinophils (>90%) within the gallbladder. EC has been reported alone (idiopathic EC) or in combination with ...
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Eosinophilic cholecystitis (EC) is a rare entity that presents in a manner comparable to acute cholecystitis. The diagnosis is based on classical symptoms of cholecystitis with the presence of eosinophils (>90%) within the gallbladder. EC has been reported alone (idiopathic EC) or in combination with manifestations such as eosinophilic cholangitis, hypereosinophilic syndromes, and parasitic infestations. Papillary hyperplasia of gallbladder occurs in the setting of cholelithiasis, inflammatory lesion of gallbladder, primary sclerosing cholangitis or ulcerative colitis. To the best of our knowledge of the literature reviewed, papillary hyperplasia has never been reported in a setting of eosinophilic cholecystitis. We report a case of 30 years old female presenting with idiopathic eosinophilic cholecystitis associated with papillary hyperplasia of gallbladder in the year 2011 at PGIMS Rohtak (India). Hereby we report coexistence of these two entities never described together.
Srinivas Ghante Nagaraj; Anitha Chalageri; Manjula Vijayanand; Anjana Gupta
Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2014, , Pages 149-151
Abstract
Sertoli cell tumors of the testis are extremely rare tumors with a heterogeneous pathology. Three histological variants have been described: Sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS), large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor and the Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor. The sclerosing Sertoli cell ...
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Sertoli cell tumors of the testis are extremely rare tumors with a heterogeneous pathology. Three histological variants have been described: Sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS), large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor and the Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor. The sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor described herein is associated with prominent stromal sclerosis. They present as painless scrotal masses without hormonal disturbances and are benign in nature. Less than 30 cases have been reported in the world literature. We present a case of Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor in a 39 year old male patient who presented with the complaints of a slowly growing painless mass in the right testicular region for 4 years.
Jawahar Ramasamy; Renu G’Boy Varghese
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2013, , Pages 263-266
Abstract
Pedunculated chorangioma is extremely rare type of chorangioma. To the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported in Indian literature. We report one such rare case in a twenty two year old primi gravida who delivered a full term live female baby by lower section caesarian section (LSCS). Gross ...
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Pedunculated chorangioma is extremely rare type of chorangioma. To the best of our knowledge, no case has been reported in Indian literature. We report one such rare case in a twenty two year old primi gravida who delivered a full term live female baby by lower section caesarian section (LSCS). Gross examination revealed a nodular mass attached to the placenta by a pedicle. Histopathological examination confirmed it as chorangioma. The clinicopathological and radiological feature of this rare entity is presented with a brief review of literature.
Nalini Gupta
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2013, , Pages 273-276
Abstract
Proliferating pilomatricoma is a distinctive rare variant of pilomatricoma first described in 1997.Very few cases of proliferating pilomatricoma have been reported in the literature until date. This report is a case of 65 years old male presenting with hard nodular lump on the right side of neck slowly ...
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Proliferating pilomatricoma is a distinctive rare variant of pilomatricoma first described in 1997.Very few cases of proliferating pilomatricoma have been reported in the literature until date. This report is a case of 65 years old male presenting with hard nodular lump on the right side of neck slowly increasing in size for the last 8 months. Wide excision of the lump was performed with clear surgical margins. Histopathology revealed a tumor mass composed of lobular proliferation of basaloid cells in association with adjacent focal areas containing cornified material with shadow cells. Variable nuclear atypia and scattered mitotic activity was noted in basaloid cells, so a final diagnosis of proliferating pilomatricoma was rendered. This report herein reviews histopathological features of this rare entity.
Arghya Bandyopadhyay; Krishnendu Mondal; Mimi Gangopadhyay; Mamata Sinha Guha Mallick; Amita Giri
Volume 8, Issue 4 , October 2013, , Pages 277-280
Abstract
Histoid Leprosy (HL) is a rare variant of Lepromatous Leprosy, occurring in long-standing cases, mostly in a background of acquired drug resistance. Patients usually present with sudden onset multiple nodules and plaques, most often involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue of trunk and lower limbs. ...
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Histoid Leprosy (HL) is a rare variant of Lepromatous Leprosy, occurring in long-standing cases, mostly in a background of acquired drug resistance. Patients usually present with sudden onset multiple nodules and plaques, most often involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue of trunk and lower limbs. Here we report an unusual case of de novo (without any history of prior anti-leprotic therapy) HL, arising as multiple nodules in the face. The histopathology of the lesion showed collection of spindled macrophages in the dermis, oriented in a storiform-like pattern. A possibility of HL was considered and the diagnosis was confirmed by performing a modified ZN stain (Wade-Fite stain) on the biopsy material, which revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) with a bacillary index of 6. Then the patient was put on multibacillary multi-drug chemotherapy and was thereby cured.
Vaishali Walke; Sanjay Bijwe; Grace D’ Costa; Aashish Jawarkar
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2013, , Pages 194-198
Abstract
Lhermitte - Duclos disease also called dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum is an extremely rare cerebellar lesion which share features of both malformation and neoplasm. The usual presentation is of raised intracranial pressure along with cerebellar signs. We report a case of 23 year male who presented ...
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Lhermitte - Duclos disease also called dysplastic gangliocytoma of cerebellum is an extremely rare cerebellar lesion which share features of both malformation and neoplasm. The usual presentation is of raised intracranial pressure along with cerebellar signs. We report a case of 23 year male who presented with headache & diplopia. MRI was suggestive of the diagnosis. Subtotal excision of the mass along with shunt drainage was performed. Post operative course was uneventful. Histopathological features confirmed the diagnosis.
Hamzeali Hamzeali
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 89-96
Abstract
Background and Objective: Since it is essential for the research policy makers to acquire knowledge about the global ranks of their countries in in Pathology and Forensic Medicine subject areas, scientometrics experts have been always ranking and analyzing countries on the basis of ‘total number ...
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Background and Objective: Since it is essential for the research policy makers to acquire knowledge about the global ranks of their countries in in Pathology and Forensic Medicine subject areas, scientometrics experts have been always ranking and analyzing countries on the basis of ‘total number of papers’, ‘total number of citations’ and ‘citations per paper’, etc.
Materials and Methods: The data in SCImago[1] has been used to analyze and evaluate the global ranks of Iran, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, India, Pakistan, South Korea and South Africa. These countries had a similar growth trend in many indicators of science and technology in the past.
Results: This article mainly deals with the extent of presence of these countries in Pathology and Forensic Medicine subject areas, their international global ranks and comparing them with each other. Furthermore, data show that these countries had a different situation considering “citations per Document”; because it did not match with their “number of Document” and “total number of citations” to their papers and did not increase accordingly. “Citations per Document” is considered as one of the most important indicators which show the average number of citations to each document.
Conclusion: The situation of Iran under the study seemed to be better in some areas such as ‘Cite per Documents’ than their situation in other areas; however, this point should be taken into consideration that they did not have an equal presence in all areas.
[1] The SCImago Journal & Country Rank is a portal that includes the journals and country scientific indicators developed from the information contained in the Scopus database
Safia Rana; Zeeba Jairajpuri; Rashmi Tiwari
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 110-114
Abstract
The endometrial stromal nodule is a benign tumor composed of differentiated endometrial stromal cells arranged as a well circumscribed nodule with smooth non-invasive margins. They are rare neoplasms, diagnosed in most instances by microscopy. Although nodules are benign in nature, hysterectomy is ...
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The endometrial stromal nodule is a benign tumor composed of differentiated endometrial stromal cells arranged as a well circumscribed nodule with smooth non-invasive margins. They are rare neoplasms, diagnosed in most instances by microscopy. Although nodules are benign in nature, hysterectomy is the treatment of choice to enable evaluation of the tumor margins which are well demarcated in endometrial stromal nodule and infiltrative in low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. We present here a case of a 46 year old female with history of menorrhagia and a preoperative clinical diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma followed by a definitive diagnosis of endometrial stromal nodule. Experience with endometrial stromal nodule is limited, hence we emphasize on the fact that these are rare and benign tumours which should be distinguished from other invasive malignant stromal tumors with a more sinister prognostic course.
S Shamshad Ahmad; Sufian Zaheer; Khaliqur Rahman; Latif Zafar Jilani; Amit Kumar; Mohd Jaseem Hassan; Rana K Sherwani
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 119-122
Abstract
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant neoplasm of childhood and adolescence seen commonly in both axial and appendicular skeleton but uncommonly in acral region. Ewing’s tumor in the hand is extraordinarily rare. Radiological features are variable and can mimic other common lesions. We present ...
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Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a highly malignant neoplasm of childhood and adolescence seen commonly in both axial and appendicular skeleton but uncommonly in acral region. Ewing’s tumor in the hand is extraordinarily rare. Radiological features are variable and can mimic other common lesions. We present a case of 13 year old female, with complaints of pain and swelling in right hand, which on X-ray showed periosteal reaction, giving a sun burst appearance and provisional diagnosis of osteosarcoma was made. The patient was operated and histopathological diagnosis of ES was confirmed. Histopathological examination remains the mainstay of diagnosis, supported by immunochemistry and cytogenetic studies. Surgical extirpation with chemotherapy is the therapeutic regimen of choice. We intend to report this case, because it is very rare location and the radiological features can mimic other lesions which commonly occur in this location like chronic osteomyelitis so it can be easily missed especially at preliminary evaluations.
Divya Kota Nagappa; Jayashree Krishnamurthy
Volume 6, Issue 4 , September 2011, , Pages 208-211
Abstract
Extra-skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare soft tissue malignant neoplasm, morphologically indistinguishable from skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma. The usual sites of involvement are the soft tissues of para-vertebral region, chest wall, and lower extremity. Extra-skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma ...
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Extra-skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare soft tissue malignant neoplasm, morphologically indistinguishable from skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma. The usual sites of involvement are the soft tissues of para-vertebral region, chest wall, and lower extremity. Extra-skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma is rare in the head and neck region and very few cases are reported in the parotid gland. The cytological features of a case of extra-skeletal Ewing’s sarcoma involving the parotid gland, an extremely uncommon site for occurrence of this tumor, are reported here. The significance of the fine needle aspiration cytology lies in the early diagnosis and hence better prognosis of this lesion.
Mimi Gangopadhyay1; Arghya Bandyopadhyay; Sailes Ray; Pranati Bera; Biswajit Dey
Volume 6, Issue 4 , September 2011, , Pages 216-218
Abstract
Tubal pregnancies are common but presence of hydatidiform mole in tube is a rare entity. A woman of 53years presented with acute abdomen, preoperative pregnancy test was positive and ultrasonography suspected the case as hydatidiform mole in right tube. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy ...
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Tubal pregnancies are common but presence of hydatidiform mole in tube is a rare entity. A woman of 53years presented with acute abdomen, preoperative pregnancy test was positive and ultrasonography suspected the case as hydatidiform mole in right tube. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy as her family was completed. Subsequent histopathological examination showed ruptured complete hydatidiform mole in right tube. Postoperative period was uneventful with normalization of β-HCG titer within two weeks.
Reeby Sara Thomas; Herald J Sherlin; Anuja Natesan; Priya Premkumar; Pratibha Ramani; Thiruvengadam Chandrasekar; Vinod Narayanan
Volume 5, Issue 2 , March 2010, , Pages 100-104
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an uncommon tumor with an aggressive behaviour. We present two cases of MC. The first one is a unique case of MC of the maxilla metastasized from the clavicle. The second describes MC in the mandible with extensive involvement of the condyle. A 31-year-old male ...
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Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is an uncommon tumor with an aggressive behaviour. We present two cases of MC. The first one is a unique case of MC of the maxilla metastasized from the clavicle. The second describes MC in the mandible with extensive involvement of the condyle. A 31-year-old male and a 22-year-old male presented to Saveetha Dental College, with a 2-month history of progressive mass in left posterior maxilla and a firm swelling in the right mandibular region, respectively. Incisional biopsy of both the cases revealed characteristic bimorphic pattern composed of sheets of undifferentiated round and spindle cells along with areas of chondroid matrix of variable cellularity. Histopathological features were suggestive of MC. These type of neoplams show local aggressive behaviour with high metastatic and recurrence potential due to which the prognosis of MC is poor.
