Molecular Pathology
Mahdieh Mahboobi; Reza Mirnejad; Hamid Sedighian; Vahhab Piranfar; Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of the environment and causes severe diarrhea ailments (cholera) that affects thousands of people each year worldwide. The most important virulence factors of this pathogen are cholera toxin (cholera toxin CT) and Type IV ...
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Background & Objective: Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of the environment and causes severe diarrhea ailments (cholera) that affects thousands of people each year worldwide. The most important virulence factors of this pathogen are cholera toxin (cholera toxin CT) and Type IV pili (toxin co-regulated pili TCP), which are encoded within the genome of the filamentous bacteriophage CTXφ. In the present study, according to researchers’ report on genotypic variations of cholera toxin, we evaluated the sequence of ctxB subunit obtained from 100 strains of patients infected with cholera in Iran. Methods: The evaluation of genotype variations of cholera toxin was made by high-resolution melting curve analysis illustrating a single nucleotide change. Then, ctxB gene sequencing was performed. Through this analysis and the sequencing process, two standard samples were studied. Results: Using serologic tests, all the strains analyzed in this study were identified to be in O1 serotype. However, there have been differences in sequences of ctxB as some were similar to V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor str. N16961 while others were similar to the genotype of V. cholerae ATCC 14035. We did not observe any particular pattern within the process of mutation. Conclusion: The analysis of the new samples of ctxB showed that they were potentially different. It seems that these complicated species were affected by a new genetic exchange of El Tor and classic genotypes.
Microbiology
Mahsa Asadi; Mohamad Fazeli; Azar Sabokbar
Volume 13, Issue 3 , July 2018, , Pages 301-307
Abstract
Background and Objective: Acute microbial diarrheal diseases are the major public health problems in the developing countries. People affected by diarrheal diseases have the lowest financial resources and poorest hygienic facilities. Children under five, primarily in Asian and African countries, are ...
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Background and Objective: Acute microbial diarrheal diseases are the major public health problems in the developing countries. People affected by diarrheal diseases have the lowest financial resources and poorest hygienic facilities. Children under five, primarily in Asian and African countries, are mostly the subjects affected by microbial diseases transmitted through water.The current study aimed at investigating the comparative inhibitory effect of Lactocare (commercial probiotic) on clinical samples and standard strains of Vibrio cholerae.Methods: A total of 20 clinical samples and a standard strain (ATCC 14035) were provided by Health Reference Laboratory and Biotechnology Institute, respectively. In order to confirm the samples, biochemical analysis and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed on intergenic space. Afterward, agar well diffusion method was performed in order to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration to monitor the antimicrobial activity of Lactocare.Results: Colony count of V. cholerae for the standard strain in 30% and mean for clinical samples in 50% concentration of Lactocare treatment revealed that it would propel to death phase. Since the number of colonies decreased to 100, it was considered that higher concentrations of Lactocare would completely inhibit the growth of V. cholera.Conclusion: Probiotics are employed to develop new pharmaceutical preparations and functional foods in order to promote the public health.
