Cytology
Noushin Jalayer naderi
Abstract
Dear Editor, I was very pleased to find that the article” Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Waterpipe (Hookah) Smokers: A Cytologic Study “(1) has attracted the attention of some readers and has created a few points for them. In my opinion, these points are good bases to overcome ...
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Dear Editor, I was very pleased to find that the article” Micronucleus Assay of Buccal Mucosa Cells in Waterpipe (Hookah) Smokers: A Cytologic Study “(1) has attracted the attention of some readers and has created a few points for them. In my opinion, these points are good bases to overcome some concerns regarding micronucleus assay.
Oral Pathology
Mehdi DehghanNezhad; Noushin Jalayer Naderi; Hasan Semyari
Abstract
Background & Objective: Micronucleus assay of buccal mucosa cells is a simple bio- monitoring method for diagnosing the genetic damages of toxic agents. The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking on buccal mucosa cells using micronucleus assay. Methods: This was a case control. ...
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Background & Objective: Micronucleus assay of buccal mucosa cells is a simple bio- monitoring method for diagnosing the genetic damages of toxic agents. The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of waterpipe smoking on buccal mucosa cells using micronucleus assay. Methods: This was a case control. A total of 30 male waterpipe smokers and 30 non-smokers were included in the study. The exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were scrapped using wooden spatula and were spread over glass slides. The mean number of micronuclei was determined using Feulgen-stained slides. The number of micronuclei per 1000 cells was calculated and compared between the two groups of smokers and non-smokers. Result: The mean number of micronuclei in waterpipe smokers and non-smokers was 1.94±0.39 and 1.68±0.35, respectively. The micronuclei count in waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers (P=0). The difference between the number of waterpipe smoking and micronuclei count was significantly different (P=0). Conclusion: The mean number of micronuclei in buccal mucosa cells of waterpipe smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers. The genotoxicity effect of waterpipe was dose-dependent.
Noushin Jalayer Naderi
Abstract
Dear Editor, Cigarette smoking has destructive effect on periodontal tissue. The rates of loss of periodontal attachment and recession of gingival are higher in smokers than non-smokers (1-2). Previous studies on the inflammatory immune responses in smokers’ periodontitis have mainly focused on ...
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Dear Editor, Cigarette smoking has destructive effect on periodontal tissue. The rates of loss of periodontal attachment and recession of gingival are higher in smokers than non-smokers (1-2). Previous studies on the inflammatory immune responses in smokers’ periodontitis have mainly focused on the role of neutrophils. Tumor necrosis factor–α, prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase-8 have been shown to rise in smokers with periodontitis (3-4). Different functions of mast cells and eosinophils in inflammatory immune responses make them distinctive cells in disease pathogenesis (5-6). In an investigation, our team examined the effect of smoking on mast cells density in chronic periodontitis. The study showed that the mean number of mast cells in smokers was significantly lower compared to the non-smokers. Based on the literature, no research was found regarding the effect of cigarette smoking on eosinophil cells in human periodontitis. Eosinophils and mast cells regulate the hypersensitivity reactions by affecting each other function (5). Thus, in the next study, we examined this issue on the same samples. The results revealed that the number of eosinophil count in smokers was significantly lower than non-smokers. Considering the findings of both studies on decreased number of mast cells and eosinophils in the same samples, it seems that cigarette smoke had an apoptotic function on extra-vascular immune inflammatory related cells in human periodontitis. According to our opinion, with the death of mast cells and eosinophils, a cascade of different events occurs in the microenvironment of gingiva which causes more tissue damage in the smokers. The apoptotic effect of cigarette smoke on gingival connective tissue must be studied in the enzymatic level.The Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/Carbon Monoxide (CO) system demand to explain the pathogenesis of diseases by using the basic metabolism and enzymatic activities. HO-1 has a regulatory action on inflammatory signaling programs. CO is an end-product of HO-1. CO affects the apoptosis and cellular inflammation by modulating the inflammatory related cytokines. Modulating the HO-1 and application of CO-releasing molecules are new therapeutic strategies in inflammatory diseases (7). Based on our previous findings, we suggest that further study on HO-1/CO can probably determine the effect of cigarette smoke on inflammatory immune cells in human chronic periodontitis. The system can be potentially considered as a therapeutic target in inflammatory disease of periodontium in cigarette smokers. Conflict of Interest The authors declared no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.
Noushin Jalayer naderi
Abstract
Among different staining methods used to demonstrate the nuclear abnormalities, Feulgen is one of the most reliable method. Feulgen staining is specific, sensitive method for evaluating the DNA damages.It has been shown that using non-DNA specific stains for monitoring the nuclear anomalies lead to false-positive ...
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Among different staining methods used to demonstrate the nuclear abnormalities, Feulgen is one of the most reliable method. Feulgen staining is specific, sensitive method for evaluating the DNA damages.It has been shown that using non-DNA specific stains for monitoring the nuclear anomalies lead to false-positive or false-negative results. From self-experience, immersing the stained slides in hematoxylin for 3-5 minutes in final step after staining the slides with light green, provides a greater ground contrast and very better visualizing of nucleus. By this method, a clear distinction can be made between micronuclei and other structures suggestive of a micronucleus.
Oral Pathology
Noushin Jalayer naderi; Hasan Semyari; Reza Hemmati
Abstract
Background and objective:Gingival bleeding reduction in smokers has been associated with decreased blood vessel density. The mechanism of suppressive effect of cigarette smoking on blood vessel density is not precisely defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of smoking on angiogenesis ...
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Background and objective:Gingival bleeding reduction in smokers has been associated with decreased blood vessel density. The mechanism of suppressive effect of cigarette smoking on blood vessel density is not precisely defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of smoking on angiogenesis by assessing mast cells density and VEGF expression in chronic periodontitis. Materials& Methods: 52 paraffin embedded block of gingiva tissues with periodontitis obtained from 30 nonsmokers and 22 smokers undergoing flap surgery were examined immunohistochemically for VEGF expression. Mast cell counts was completed on toluidine blue stained slides. Exposure to cigarette smoking was calculated by the number of packs × year. Patients were classified into 4 groups based on the number of smoked cigarettes. The correlation between VEGF expression and mast cell counts was evaluated and compared in nonsmokers and smokers. Results: The mean number of mast cells (p=0.004) and average value of VEGF expression (p = 0.000) in nonsmokers was significantly higher than smokers. No correlation was noted between VEGF expression / mast cell counts and number of smoked cigarettes in four groups of smokers (p=0.29,0.12 , 0.20 and 0.11, respectively). Conclusion: Mast cells and VEGF expression may account for suppressive effect of cigarette smoking on blood vessels in periodontitis.
Mohammad Hossein Gheini; Noushin Jalayer Naderi
Abstract
Background & Objective: The role of synchronized expression pattern of cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK20 in the prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma is unclear. The current study aimed at determining the relationship between the expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 and prognostic factors in colon adenocarcinoma. ...
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Background & Objective: The role of synchronized expression pattern of cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK20 in the prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma is unclear. The current study aimed at determining the relationship between the expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 and prognostic factors in colon adenocarcinoma. Methods: In the current cross sectional Study, 52 archival samples of colon adenocarcinoma with different histopathologic differentiation were examined immunohistochemically to analyze the expression of Ck7 and Ck20. The relationship between cytokeratin expression and prognostic factors, such as histopathologic differentiation, lymph node involvement, and depth of invasion, were assessed. Results: CK7-/CK20+ was the most prevalent pattern in the current study. The difference among histopathologic grade, lymph node involvement, and depth of invasion in different CK7/CK20 expression patterns was insignificant (P=0.26, P=0.46, and P=0.22, respectively). Conclusion: No relationship was observed between CK7/CK20 expression and prognostic factors in colon adenocarcinoma, in the current study