Uropathology
Azadeh Rakhshan; Esmat Arvin; Sam Alahyari; Behrang Kazeminezhad; Tahmineh Mollasharifi; Alireza Bagheri; Fereshte Aliakbari; Seyed Jalil Hosseini; Mohammad Soleimani; Mahsa Ahadi; Elena Jamali; Afshin Moradi; Zahra Sadeghzadeh; Saleh Ghiasi; Malihe Nasiri; Farzad Allameh
Abstract
Background & Objective: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) is a new method for evaluating urinary cytology designed to reduce unreproducible reports. The aim of this study was to reclassify and compare urinary cytology reports with TPS criteria to determine the frequency of unreproducible ...
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Background & Objective: The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology (TPS) is a new method for evaluating urinary cytology designed to reduce unreproducible reports. The aim of this study was to reclassify and compare urinary cytology reports with TPS criteria to determine the frequency of unreproducible reports compared to the previous system.Methods: In this study, the laboratory electronic registration system analyzed patients' urine samples taken by voided or washing and brushing methods. The cytological evaluation was performed considering the previous system and TPS by a pathologist. The results of the two systems were compared, and the sensitivity and specificity of TPS were calculated.Results: Urine samples were taken from 876 patients. The mean age of patients was 63.36 ± 12.62. Comparing the routine classification system and TPS, it was observed that the number of atypical reports in the TPS system decreased by 12%, and all of these cases were downgraded to the negative group in the new classification. The sensitivity and specificity of TPS were 29.4% and 95.1%, respectively, if suspected malignancy and positive reports for malignancy were considered. Finally, if positive reports for malignancy were selected, sensitivity and specificity changed to 11.8% and 100%, respectively.Conclusion: Although the TPS system has low sensitivity for the diagnosis of urothelial malignancies, due to its high specificity, it is possible to consider and use this classification for screening patients.
Endocrine Pathology
Elena Jamali; Behrang Kazeminezhad; Mahsa Ahadi; Afshin Moradi; Hamideh Khabbazi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Eosinophils are normally found in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and with less prevalence in the esophagus. Eosinophilic infiltration is increased as part of inflammatory reactions in various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the count and distribution ...
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Background & Objective: Eosinophils are normally found in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and with less prevalence in the esophagus. Eosinophilic infiltration is increased as part of inflammatory reactions in various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the count and distribution of eosinophils in esophageal specimens obtained for different causes.Methods: Endoscopy and pathology reports of esophageal specimens in Shahid Beheshti University related hospitals, Tehran, Iran, were extracted from 2016 to 2019. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), malignancy, eosinophilic esophagitis, and asymptomatic patients were determined as the percentages of total resection and biopsy specimens. Each group was calculated and randomly selected according to the inclusion criteria. All data were analyzed statistically using SPSS software.Results: A total of 258 biopsy and resection specimens were evaluated in this study. Fourty three cases (16.7%) diagnosed as normal esophageal mucosa , 42 cases (16.3%) as non-specific esophagitis, 155 cases (60.1%) diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux disease, 4 cases (1.6%) showed malignancy and other diagnoses were recorded for 14 cases (5.4%). The numbers of eosinophils in the epithelium and lamina propria in the normal group were 0.1±0.5 and 2.08±2.33, respectively. The eosinophil count in different groups and its relation to different histopathologic findings were diverse.Conclusion: The number of eosinophils within the lamina propria was significantly higher than those found within other layers. . The highest mean eosinophil count was observed in the epithelium and the lamina propria of cases diagnosed as GERD.
Ali Zare-Mirzaie; Behrang Kazeminezhad; Mona Akbari Ghouchani
Abstract
Background& Objective: Increase in intra- and extracellular glucose levels can cause oxidative stress, and the prolonged imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidantscan lead to cell damage and the associated complications in patients with diabetes. Vitamin D acts as a strong antioxidant in ...
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Background& Objective: Increase in intra- and extracellular glucose levels can cause oxidative stress, and the prolonged imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidantscan lead to cell damage and the associated complications in patients with diabetes. Vitamin D acts as a strong antioxidant in the body and several studies emphasized on its important role to prevent oxidative stress in prediabetic and diabetic subjects. The current study aimed at determining and comparing the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in individuals with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) below and above 6.5%, and its correlation with vitamin D levels. Methods: The current cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 107 patients with diabetes (HbA1c >6.5%) and 107 non-diabetic subjects (HbA1c <6.5%) referred to Rassool Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2015 to 2016, as the sample population. The two groups were compared regarding their TAC and vitamin D serum levels and the association between vitamin D concentration and TAC was evaluated. Results: Age and body mass index (BMI)were significantly higher in patients with diabetes, compared with the serum levels of vitamin D and TAC (P P=0.003). In multivariate regression model, the duration of diabetes was also significantly associated with TAC level (beta coefficient=-0.82, P <0.001). Conclusion: The low serum levels of TAC and vitamin D in patients with diabetes could be indicative of oxidative stress in the presence of high blood glucose levels. Supplementation of vitamin D in patients with diabetes might be effective to control the negative impacts of the disease and decrease cells’ exposure to oxidative environment in prediabetes.
Microbiology
Behrang Kazeminezhad; Arezoo Bostanmanesh Rad; Atoosa Gharib; Sara Zahedifard
Abstract
Background & objective: Beta-lactam antibiotics resistance specifically Imipenem and Meropenem, the last choices of treatment, causes fatal events in patients with P.aeruginosa infection. The aim of this study was to detect the VIM and IMP of metallo-beta-lactamase genes in 103 isolates of P. aeruginosa ...
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Background & objective: Beta-lactam antibiotics resistance specifically Imipenem and Meropenem, the last choices of treatment, causes fatal events in patients with P.aeruginosa infection. The aim of this study was to detect the VIM and IMP of metallo-beta-lactamase genes in 103 isolates of P. aeruginosa in two Iranian hospitals. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of P. aeruginosa to a range of β-lactam antibiotics using disk diffusion method as a standard biochemical test. Combined disk test of Imipenem (IMP) and Imipenem plus Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was performed as a phenotypic method to find metallo-beta-lactamase producing isolates.Using conventional PCR method; we evaluated VIM and IMP of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) genes in 103 isolates of P.aeruginosa. Results: Twenty six (25.2%) out of 103 isolates were resistant to Imipenem and 26 (25.2%) to Meropenem. Among 26 Imipenem and Meropenem-resistant strains (25.2%), 19 cases (73.0%) were MBL producing. Using PCR method, we detected the blaVIM and blaIMP genes in 6 (5.8%) and 2(1.9%) of 19 MBL producing isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Evaluation of these carbepenemases genes improve epidemiologic researches and also, can be used as a diagnostic tool for discriminating between antibiotics resistant and sensitive strains of P.aeruginosa as well as follow-up the patients after treatment.
Behrang Kazeminegad; Abbas Mirafsharieh; Freidoon Solhjoo
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2012, , Pages 139-144
Abstract
Background and objective: EGFR and HER-2 are two members of ERbB/HER family of Type I Transmembrane growth factor receptors. Cox2 is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which has a major role in angiogenesis and can modelate tumor growth. The aim of this study ...
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Background and objective: EGFR and HER-2 are two members of ERbB/HER family of Type I Transmembrane growth factor receptors. Cox2 is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which has a major role in angiogenesis and can modelate tumor growth. The aim of this study was to determine the level of expression of EGFR, HER-2 and Cox2 in colorectd cancer.
Material and Methods: IHC study was performed in paraffin-embedded blocks of 47 patients underwent colectomy due to colorectal cancer in Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2008 to 2009. Three separated pathologists analyzed the slides after complete IHC staining for EGFR, HER-2 and COX-2.
Results: EGFR, HER-2 and Cox2 revealed over expression in colorectal cancer as 80.9%, 25.5% and 72.4% respectively, EGFR revealed no statistically significant association with clinicopathologic parameters, but Cox2 overexpression exhibited statistically significant association with higher stages tumors (III, IV) (P value: 0.037) and tumor with lymph node metastasis(P= 0.005). On the other hand, HER2 overexpression showed statistically significant association with lower grade (well and moderately differentiation) tumors (P= 0.042).
Conclusion: According to over expression of three markers, EGFR, HER-2, and COX-2 in colorectal cancers, using drugs that act against these receptors and investigation of survival improvement of patients with these drugs in other studies are recommended.