Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Malignant Colorectal Polyps; Pathological Consideration (A review)182391310.30699/ijp.2017.23913ENBita GeramizadehDept. of Pathology, Transplant Research Center, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-4867-5686Mahsa MarzbanUniversity of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada0000-0002-4867-5686David OwenDept. of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaJournal Article20160115<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Routine screening colonoscopy is on the rise and pathologists have to deal with the ever larger numbers of excised colonic polyps. It is very important to optimize the patients’ individual treatment and further surveillance. Pathologists play a critical role in management, as most of the clinical decisions concerning colonic polyp management are based on pathologic findings. One of the most important clinical issues in colonic adenomas is the diagnosis of malignancy and reporting its different aspects by the pathologist. The histologic type and the extent of carcinoma within a malignant polyp have considerable impact on the decisions of gastroenterologists and surgeons for further management. Therefore, the most recent literature regarding the diagnosis and reporting of the different features of malignant polyps was reviewed.<br /> <strong><em>Data Acquisition</em></strong><strong>: </strong>There is growing literature regarding the different pathologic features and reporting of malignant colonic polyps, and in this review, published articles that are listed on Google Scholar and Pub Med are discussed.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Diagnosis of malignant colon polyp requires the presence of tumor cells that are penetrating beyond the muscular mucosa into submucosa (pT1). As well as establishing a diagnosis of malignant polyp, it is very important to report the size of the invasive component, the presence or absence of lymphovascular invasion, the degree of tumor differentiation and the distance of the carcinoma from the line of resection. Other important features that may be reported include: the presence or absence of tumor budding, the depth of tumor cell penetration into the submucosa, and results of immunohistochemistry for mismatch repair proteins and BRAF.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry-Equivocal (2+) HER2 Gene Status in Invasive Breast Cancer by Silver DNA in Situ Hybridization (SISH) and its Association with Clinicopathological Variables9192154410.30699/ijp.2017.21544ENZaidoon A. MusaAl-Emamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, Baghdad, IraqBan J. QasimDept. of Pathology and Forensic medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IraqA.Wahab A.K. Al ShaikhlyDept. of pharmacy (Dean)/ Al Rasheed University College, Baghdad, IraqJournal Article20151012<strong><em>Background and Objective</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>Determination of HER2 gene is crucial in breast carcinoma management and prognosis, as HER2 alterations are linked to a shorter disease-free period, overall survival and resistance to tamoxifen anti-estrogen therapy and other chemotherapy regimens, regardless of the nodal or hormone receptor status. This study aimed to estimate HER2 gene status of infiltrative mammary cancer cases with immunohistochemically equivocal (2+) score using Silver DNA in Situ Hybridization(SISH) technique and to investigate its association with clinicopathological variables.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>The study included 52 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks from female patients with invasive breast carcinoma with score of 2+ (equivocal) HER2 immunohistochemistry. All cases were studied by silver DNA in situ hybridization technique (SISH) for the determination of the amplified HER2 DNA.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>TheSISH technique showed that HER2 gene was not amplified in 33 cases out of 52 (63.5%); while the rest of 19 cases (36.5%) revealed amplified gene status.According to age, HER2 gene status reported non-significant difference in the age groups between cases with amplified and non-amplified gene status (<em>P</em>=0.173). There was a significant negative association between positive Estrogen (ER) and Progesterone (PR) status and HER2 gene amplification (<em>P</em>= 0.002 and 0.017, respectively).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>More than half of breast carcinoma cases with equivocal HER2 immunoreactivity showed non-amplified gene status; this needs to be considered by oncologists in their management planning of breast cancer. Amplified HER2 gene is significantly associated with negative ER and PR status that affects patients’ management protocols and future outcome of the disease.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Aggressive Fibromatosis, Clinicopathologic Findings of 25 Cases; A Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature20242394410.30699/ijp.2017.23944ENBita GeramizadehDept. of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-4867-5686Fatemeh JalaliTransplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20151112<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Aggressive fibromatosis is a rare benign tumor with no potential for metastasis; however, its aggressive nature causes treatment failure and episodes of recurrence. There is no report from Iran about the treatment of this tumor, and all published articles are single-case reports, therefore in this study, we report our experience from two of the largest referral centers of the South of Iran.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>During five years (2007-2011), among more than 20000 surgical pathology specimens, 25 cases of fibromatosis were identified. Clinicopathologic findings were recorded for all of the cases, and follow up history according to the patients’ charts and direct contact by phone call were extracted.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>There were 25 cases of fibromatosis, with female predominance, especially in the reproductive ages. All of the tumors had been located in the abdominal area, lower extremity, and head and neck area. Twenty-three cases had been operated for surgical excision. Fifteen cases had at least one episode of recurrence, mostly located in the abdominal area. No death or metastasis occurred.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Clinicopathologic findings of desmoid tumor in Iran are very similar to other countries, however, there is still much controversy about the method of treatment for fibromatosis, and there are many challenges for patients, regarding multiple episodes of recurrence and the infiltrative aggressive nature of fibromatosis.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) Genotyping of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Different Animal Stool Specimens25342150610.30699/ijp.2017.21506ENReza RanjbarMolecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAfsar TabatabaeeDept. of Microbiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, IranPayam BehzadiDept. of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5441-3976Rohollah KheiriWater Quality Control Office, Alborz Province Water and Wastewater Company, Karaj, IranJournal Article20160412<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong><em>Escherichia coli </em>is a commensal-pathogenic organism, which includes a wide range of strains. Despite several advanced molecular-genomic technologies for detecting and identifying different strains of <em>E. coli</em>, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) technique is a quick, sharp and cost effective fingerprint method. The major purpose of the present study was to determine the distribution of ERICs within <em>E. coli</em> strains isolated from different healthy animal stool specimens including hens, sheep, and cows, as an appropriate and quick molecular-genomic tool.<br /> <em><strong>Methods:</strong></em><strong><em> </em></strong>The animal stool samples were obtained during 1 year (October 2012 to October 2013), from animal husbandries around Tehran and Alborz provinces, Iran. After screening processes, the <em>E. coli</em> bacteria were isolated and cultured via standard microbiological methods. The DNA molecules of <em>E. coli </em>bacteria were harvested and Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) was applied for bacterial molecular genotyping. The ERIC-PCR products were run on 1% gel electrophoresis. The final images regarding gel electrophoresis banding patterns were used for dendrogram generation via the GelClust software.<br /> <em><strong>Results</strong></em><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong>Of 120 isolated samples, 115 different strains were recognized as <em>E. coli</em>. The fingerprint patterns involved 380 to 3280 bp bands. The predominant bands included 2900 bp, 1200 bp, and 1200 bp in stool samples of hens, sheep, and cows, respectively. The highest frequencies and diversities were seen among <em>E. coli</em> strains isolated from hens and sheep stool samples.<br /> <em><strong>Conclusion</strong></em><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong>The DNA profiles were clearly detectable via specific fingerprint patterns. The ERIC-PCR seemed to be a good approach for molecular typing of <em>E. coli</em><em> </em>strains isolated from different animal sources.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Cervical Cancer and Genital Infections: Assessment of Performance and Validation in Human Papillomavirus Genotyping Assays in Iran, its Neighbouring Countries and Persian Gulf Area35442422910.30699/ijp.2017.24229ENAmir SohrabiDept. of Molecular Biology, Research Center of Health Reference Laboratory,
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, IranMassoud HajiaDept. of Molecular Biology, Research Center of Health Reference Laboratory,
Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5524-7252Journal Article20160403<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong> The accuracy of diagnostic assays in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genital infection and cervical cancer has remained a clinical challenge in diagnosis. Evidence indicates that a large proportion of cervical cancer can be prevented through organized care for HPV and testing. Countries with low per capita income, such as Iran and its neighbours, have no national organized program for cervical cancer screening and vaccination. The aim of this study was to review recent published papers in this region for evaluating the efficacy of released data regarding HPV genotyping system in genital infections and cervical cancer<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Investigating various medical search engines retrieved 46 reports, mostly after 2010, consisting of either home brew protocols or commercial technologies in this field.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Summarized results demonstrated that except a few cases, all reports were limited studies performed in confined populations focusing on attending patients at clinics for regular checkups. In the present study, 52.8% of papers were from Iran and the rest belonged to other countries. The rate of HPV infection was reported in the range of 0.62% to 25% in the normal population, while it varied from 18.75% to 100% in females with cervical cancer. In HPV genotyping surveys, only 26.1 % (12/46) of reports had validated and World Health Organization (WHO) proficient procedures. Also, multiple infections were not mentioned in 56.52% (25/46) of researches.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusions</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Employing reliable genotyping methods is the best way for regular screening of cervical cancer related to HPV and precancerous diseases in females of these areas. The focus of most surveys was to come up with the best national policies for establishing a preventive program in Iran and Persian Gulf area.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Study of the Inhibitory Effects of Olive Oil Polyphenol on Dexamethasone-Induced Apoptosis45522422710.30699/ijp.2017.24227ENAli Reza KhalatbaryDept. of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranBehrooz MohammadnegadDept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranGhazaleh GoudarziDept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, IranAli Fazlollahpour BalefDept. of microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshar, IranJournal Article20151209<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong> There is accumulating evidence that a polyphenol present in olive oil, oleuropein, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. This study aimed at determining the anti-apoptotic effect of Oleuropein (Ole) on dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of mouse thymocytes.<br /> <strong><em>Method</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Mice were randomly divided to four groups as follow: Dexamethasone (Dex)-treated group (20 mg/kg; single dose), Ole-treated group (20 mg/kg per day), Dex plus Ole-treated group, and vehicle group. Sections of thymus were taken 16 hours after dexamethasone injection and studied for histopathological and immunohistochemistry assessment.<br /> <strong><em>Result</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Further characteristics of degeneration in thymocytes were observed in the Dex group compared with the Dex plus Ole group. Compared with the Dex group (10.94±3.35), positive staining for Bax in thymocytes decreased in Dex plus Ole group (2.64±1.26), but remained higher than the Ole (0.65±0.30) and vehicle (0.67±0.29) groups. Compared with the Dex group (2.94±0.42), positive staining for Bcl-2 in thymocytes increased in Dex plus Ole group (12.24±1.84) yet was lower than the Ole (14.94±1.54) and vehicle (18.93±3.54) groups.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Our results suggest that dexamethasone-induced apoptosis is subsided by oleuropein.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Investigation of Efflux-Mediated Tetracycline Resistance in Shigella Isolates Using the Inhibitor and Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Method53612421810.30699/ijp.2017.24218ENShadi ShahsavanAntimicrobial Resistance research center, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, IranParviz OwliaMolecular Microbiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, IR IranAbdolaziz Rastegar LariDept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, IranBita BakhshiDept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7523-7905Maliheh NobakhtAntimicrobial Resistance research center, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical science, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160102<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong>:</strong> <em>Shigella </em>spp. are gram negative bacteria, which are of global public health importance. The growing of multidrug-resistant <em>Shigella</em> isolates are a major problemaround the world<em>.</em><br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Overall, 50 isolates of <em>Shigella</em> spp. from children diarrheic stools were studied. The isolates were identified and confirmed using biochemical, serological and molecular methods (<em>ipaH, wbgZ </em>and <em>rfc </em>genes). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines against minocycline, tetracycline, doxycycline, ampicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Also, the role of efflux pump in defense of <em>Shigella</em> against tetracycline was investigated by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) with and without an efflux pump inhibitor. Detection of <em>tetA</em>, <em>tetB</em>, <em>tetC</em> and <em>tetD</em> genes in <em>Shigella</em> was evaluated by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and real time PCR.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>:</strong> Molecular identification revealed a prevalence of 14% for <em>Shigella flexneri</em> and 86% for <em>Shigella sonnei.</em> Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 90% of resistant isolates was changed in the presence CCCP.Results of conventional PCR exhibited that 66% of isolates were positive for <em>tetA,</em> while according to real time PCR method, 90% of isolates carried <em>tetA</em>. Positive results for <em>tetB</em> were12% and 18% by conventional and real time PCR methods, respectively. No positive results were detected for <em>tetC</em> and <em>tetD. </em> Also, <em>tetB </em>was detected only<strong> </strong>in <em>S. flexneri</em> while <em>tetA</em> was detected in both <em>S. flexneri </em>and<em> S. sonnei.</em><br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>:</strong><em> </em>It seems that efflux-mediated tetracycline resistance to tetracycline in <em>S. flexneri</em> can be related to <em>tetB, </em>however resistance in <em>S. sonnei </em>can be related to the expression of <em>tetA.</em>Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Comparison of P53 Intensity, Frequency and Size in Normal Skin Periphery of Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma And Melanocytic Nevus in Persian Skin Type62662422310.30699/ijp.2017.24223ENFarahnaz Bidari ZerehpooshDept. of Pathology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University of Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7817-4938Soheila NasiriSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Medical University of Sciences, Tehran, IranSara ZahedifardSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Medical University of Sciences, Tehran, IranShahram SabetiDept. of Pathology, Saveh Medical University of Sciences, Saveh, IranJournal Article20160120<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC), the most prevalent types being Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), is the most common type of malignancy in human beings. These neoplasms are more frequent in the elderly and fair skinned people and mainly occur on sun-exposed sites of the body. Ultraviolet B (UVB) has a well-known effect in induction and promotion of growth of these cancers. The p53 tumor suppressor gene is believed to be an early target in UV-induced skin carcinogenesis. Aggregates of keratinocytes with p53 protein overexpression are frequently identified in normal human skin and are more prevalent in chronically sun-exposed skin, and have been proposed to play a role in skin cancer pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to clarify the potential role of P53 in the development of NMSC.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Immunohistochemical evaluation of p53 expression in peri-lesional skin of 90 cases of SCC, BCC and melanocytic nevi was performed.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>The well-delineated compact type of p53 clone, but not the strong dispersed type, was significantly more predominant in SCCs in comparison with BCCs and melanocytic nevi (P value=0.001). The size of p53 clones was also significantly greater in SCCs compared to the BCCs (P=0.003) and melanocytic nevi (P=0.001). There was no significant difference between these neoplasms regarding the frequency of P53 clones (P=0.86).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>This study suggests the possible relationship of epidermal p53 clones with the pathogenesis of SCC.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization and Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction to Evaluate HER-2/neu Status in Breast Cancer67732422810.30699/ijp.2017.24228ENFatemeh Homaei ShandizDept. of Radiation Oncology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad, IranAzar FaniCancer Molecular pathology Research center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of Medical sciences, Mashhad, IranSepideh ShakeriCancer Molecular pathology Research center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of Medical sciences, Mashhad, IranMaryam SheikhiCancer Molecular pathology Research center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of Medical sciences, Mashhad, IranAbouzar Ramezani FarkhaniDept. of New Sciences and Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranArezoo ShajieiCancer Molecular pathology Research center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of Medical sciences, Mashhad, IranHossein AyatollahiCancer Molecular pathology Research center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad university of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-4209-2543Journal Article20160225<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>Breast cancer remains the most common and second lethal cancer in females. <em>HER-2/neu</em> is one of the most important amplified oncogene in breast cancer. The amplification of <em>HER-2</em> is correlated with decreased survival, metastasis, and early recurrence. The amplification of <em>HER-2/neu</em> gene and synthesis of the protein are reported in 10%-34% of breast cancer cases associated with tumor size, advanced tumor stage, high-grade tumor, young age at diagnosis, absence of steroid hormone receptor, and lymph node involvement.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods are options to evaluate <em>HER-2</em> expression. The current study aimed at identifying the correlation between FISH and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in measuring <em>HER-2</em> expression.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>The study investigated the performance of the real-time PCR as measured against FISH method in IHC +2 borderline cases. In a total of 120 IHC 2+ samples, 58.3% were negative and 41.6% positive for <em>HER-2</em> gene, confirmed by FISH as a gold standard method. The real-time PCR ratio was HER-2 gene by FISH as a gold standard assay.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Despite the fact that real-time PCR is a promising method to evaluate <em>HER-2</em> over expression and a supplementary array to FISH, according to the results of the present study it cannot be utilized instead of gold standard techniques; therefore, additional studies should be carried out to appraise the value of this method to evaluate <em>HER-2</em> over expression.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Alpha-Synuclein Expression in Acute Erythroleukaemia, Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia, and Normal Counterparts in Bone Marrow74782423010.30699/ijp.2017.24230ENFarid KosariDept. of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSanam AkbarzadehDept. of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranHiva SaffarDept. of Pathology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20161020<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>Alpha-synuclein is a member of synuclein family of proteins with unidentified function localized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria of neurons, and presynaptic nerve endings. Although it is found in the Lewy bodies in synucleinopathies and in Alzheimer’s disease, the protein could also be considered as a novel marker in diagnosis of diseases related to the hematopoietic system.
<strong><em>Methods</em>: </strong>The current study evaluated alpha-synuclein expression in bone marrow sections obtained from 9 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)-M6, 2 patients with AML-M7, and 56 patients with other forms of AML by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Seven out of 9 cases with erythroleukemia (66.7%) and 1 of the 2 cases with M7 (50%) were positive. In contrast; the blasts in 2 out of 56 AML cases with non-M6/M7 (3.6%) showed positive staining. Accordingly, alpha-synuclein was positive in normal erythroid precursors and megakaryocytes (if existing) in these cases; while, it was negative in lymphoid and myeloid precursors.<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em>: </strong>Alpha-synuclein expression in non-neoplastic and neoplastic erythroid cells and megakaryocytes could be used as a complementary and useful marker for distinction between AML-M6/M7 and other types of AMLFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Inhibitory activities of platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma on the growth- of pathogenic bacteria79872338610.30699/ijp.2017.23386ENOmid MaghsoudiFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, IranReza RanjbarMolecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranSeyyed Hesamoddin MirjaliliFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, IranMahdi Fasihi RamandiMolecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranJournal Article20161214<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>The utility and efficacy of novel materials in tissue regeneration and antimicrobial therapy are contingent upon the employment of either blood derivatives rich in platelets or platelet-poor-plasma (PPP). This effect is largely mediated by the increased or decreased concentration of platelets in the plasma. The current study aimed to analyze and evaluate the impact of platelet-rich (PRP) or PPP on inhibiting the growth of human pathogenic bacteria and compare their effects with those of chloramphenicol and penicillin.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>In the current comparative study, PRP–1 was generated using 1-step blood centrifugation method; whereas, for PRP–2 and PPP the 2-step centrifugation protocol was used. The antimicrobial activity of PRP–1, 2, and PPP were tested on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em>, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>, <em>Shigella </em>sp. and <em>Serratia</em> sp.Well diffusion and serial micro-dilution methods were used for this purpose. Chloramphenicol and penicillin susceptibility were tested using the disk diffusion method.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>While whole blood (WB) and PPP had no discernible impact on the growth parameters of any of the bacteria tested in the current study,PRP-1 reduced the growth rate of a few selected strains. In addition, while PRP-2 clearly inhibited the growth of <em>Shigella</em> sp.<em>, E. coli, S. aureus</em>, <em>S. agalactiae, </em>and <em>S. epidermidis</em>, it had no impact on the growth of <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa,</em>and<em>Serratia </em>sp<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>It can be claimed that there is a strong correlation between the concentration of platelets and the antibacterial activity of PRP.Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-530312120170101Upper Normal Limit of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Patients with Obesity88932421910.30699/ijp.2017.24219ENZohreh NozarianDept. of Pathology, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Alireza AbdollahiDept. of Pathology, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-5714-967XVahid MehrtashSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-1187-7580Hirbod Nasiri BonakiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20160108<strong><em>Background</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong>The current study aimed at evaluating the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in upper normal limits with metabolic syndrome, modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and its components according to Adult Treatment Panel III of National Cholesterol Education Program.<br /> <strong><em>Methods</em></strong><strong>: </strong>The current cross sectional study recruited 82 patients with euthyroid overweight or obesity. They all had body mass index (BMI) higher than 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The patients were categorized in 2 groups: Group 1 (patients with metabolic syndrome) and Group 2 (patients with non-metabolic syndrome). Demographic features and anthropometric indices were all appraised by a trained examiner. Metabolic syndrome components, BMI, age, gender, C-reactive protein (CRP), and thyroid function test (TFT) were assessed and compared.<br /> <strong><em>Results</em></strong><strong>: </strong>Age, triglyceride level, waist circumference, hypertension frequency, BMI and CRP were significantly higher in group 1. The most prevalent metabolic syndrome criterion was low level of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL). Patients with metabolic syndrome had greater TSH level, but it was not statistically significant (P-value=0.636). Euthyroid patients with TSH levels in the range of 3.88-5 mIU/L had 5.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02 to 17.64) times higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome than other TSH values. After age adjustment, the relationship between the upper quartile of TSH level and the metabolic syndrome became insignificant (OR=2.97, 95% CI=0.51 to 17.2).<br /> <strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong><strong>: </strong>TSH in upper normal limits was statistically correlated with metabolic syndrome. However, after adjustment for age, it became insignificant. Relationship between thyroid hormones and metabolic syndrome may be confounded by other important cardiovascular risk factors in euthyroid patients.