Farname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Muscle Biopsy63698361ENElahe KeyhaniGenetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110610Muscle biopsy has been used for a long time for diagnosis of muscular, nerurogenic and systemic disorders with muscle involvement, because only very few of these disorders show sufficient specific clinical features for definite diagnosis. Since the presence of difficulties in the screening of numerous genes, muscle biopsy could be a time and cost effective procedure for solving the diagnostic problems. The aim of this article is to mention the importance of muscle tissue in the evaluation of primary and secondary muscle diseases, special consideration of how to biopsy, handling the specimen and performing the special staining, and the microscopic findings in order to have better interpretation results.https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8361_c6eca5aa574f2259609023707e7e95a7.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Cytomorphological Patterns of Nodular Lesions of Liver70798362ENAlpana BanerjeeDept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, IndiaRajesh Singh LaishramDept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, IndiaAhongshangbam Meina SinghDept. of Pathlology, Aligargh Muslim University, Imphal, IndiaMoirangthem Kulachandra SinghDepet. Of Medicine, Manipur University, Imphal, IndiaDurlav Chandra SharmaDept. of Pathlology, Manipur University, Imphal, IndiaJournal Article20110611Background and Objectives: Nodular lesions of liver are usually neoplastic (primary or metastatic), although inflammatory lesions can occur. The objectives of this paper were to study the cytomorphological changes in various nodular lesions of liver and to correlate the cytomorphological findings with biochemical parameters especially serum alpha-fetoprotein.
Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study consisting of 40 patients with nodular liver lesions was carried out at Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) during the period from August 2008 to July 2010 (2 years). A detailed clinical history and relevant data were collected. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings were correlated with clinical and biochemical parameters especially alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Statistical analyses of the results were done and discussed.
Results: Out of these 40 patients, 28 (70%) were male and 12 (30%) were female with a male female ratio of 2.3:1. Age of the patients ranged from 13 years to 85 years with a mean age of 47.5 yr. Regarding the FNAC diagnosis, 18 cases (45%) were non-neoplastic and 22 cases (55%) were neoplastic. Out of the total 22 malignant lesions, majorities were metastases with 14 cases (63.6%) and 8 cases (36.4%) were hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 75% of HCC patients (6 cases) had markedly elevated serum AFP level (> 500 ng/ml). The association of hepatic malignancy with serum alpha-fetoprotein level was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study emphasized on unique cytomorphological patterns of distinctive liver lesions for the diagnosis by FNAC and importance of the interpretation of FNAC results along with serum alpha-fetoprotein level in the cases of malignancy
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8362_6fe70980e6798ba8815b73254b5171a8.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401No Evidence of the Th1 to Th2 Cytokine Shift during the Course of HIV Infection80858363ENSafyeh SoufianPayame Noor University, Arak, IranArezoo AghakhaniDept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranMinoo MohrazIranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran, IranMohammad BanifazlIranian Society for Support of Patients with Infectious Diseases, Tehran, IranAli EslamifarDept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranZahra Boland-GhamatAlzahra University, Tehran, IranAkbar Khadem-SadeghDept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranAmitis RamezaniDept. of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110613<em>Background and Objectives:</em> Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in dysregulation of the cytokine profile. A switch from a T helper 1 (Th1) to a Th2 cytokine has been proposed as an important factor in progression of HIV infection to AIDS. The aim of the present study was to assess the level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in HIV infected individuals in order to identify the switch from Th1 to Th2 cytokines.
<em>Materials and Methods:</em> This study was carried out on 140 HIV infected patients (21 treatment naïve and 119 under treatment) and 35 matched healthy controls refereed to Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran, Iran. The serum samples were checked with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-gamma. The Chi-square and <em>t</em><sup>2</sup>-tests were used with the SPSS 16 package program for statistical analysis
<em>Results: </em>A total of 140 HIV positive patients with mean age 36.9±9.2 years and 35 matched controls were enrolled in the study. IL-2 level was relatively higher and IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-gamma levels were relatively lower in the treatment naïve group than the under treatment group. Except for IL-2, all of the other cytokines exhibited a negative correlation with the CD4 cell counts and IFN-gamma levels showed the strongest negative correlation.
<em>Conclusion</em>: Our observations did not demonstrate switching of the type 1 to type 2 T helper cells cytokine profile in HIV infected patients and suggested more complex changes in Th1 to Th2 cytokine patterns in HIV infection.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8363_e2dccc31f5aefd0254e710734ecd2af9.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Incidence and Bacteriological Profile of Neonatal Conjunctivitis in Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran86918364ENAbolfazl KhoshdelDept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IranShahla TaheriDept. of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IranReza KhadiviDept. of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences,
Shahrekord, IranEbrahim SaediDept. of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranKurosh AshrafiDept. of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Sanandaj University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj,
IranReza ImaniDept. of Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences,
Shahrekord, IranFaranak JazaeriDept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IranJournal Article20140909Background and Objective: In Iran, prenatal <em>Chlamydia</em> and gonorrhea screening of pregnant women and neonatal eye prophylaxis are not routine practice. The present research aimed to identify bacterial agents of neonatal conjunctivitis.
Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on all babies born over a period from April 2007 to April 2008 in Hajar Hospital of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Babies presenting clinical signs of erythema and edema of eyelid and purulent eye discharge were considered as clinical conjunctivitis. Specimens were obtained in all cases with conjunctivitis and were performed gram staining and cultures in specific media. A simple ELISA has been performed for measurement the immunoglobin M antibody to <em>C. trachomatis</em> and positive result rechecked by indirect immunoflurescent test.
Results: During the period of one year, 223 neonates have revealed bacterial conjunctivitis. The incidence rate of neonatal conjunctivitis was 2.8%. <em>Chlamydia</em> conjunctivitis was identified in 13.6% of cases and gonococcal conjunctivitis was identified in 5.5% of cases.
Discussion: The high incidence rate of <em>Chlamydia</em> and gonococcal conjunctivitis, have revealed that the eye prophylaxis from ophthalmia neonatorum is needed promptly.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8364_2a8cefbcb1b5ef6739113fba0dee93a5.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Serum Uric Acid Level and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography921008365ENMaryam Sotoudeh AnvariDept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranMohammad Ali BoroumandDept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranMahmood SheikhfathollahiDept. of Biostatistics , Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranLeila PourgholiDept. of Surgical and Clinical Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, IranHamidreza GoodarzynejadDept. of Research , Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110514Background and Objectives: The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperuricemia has been formerly studied mostly in healthy people in western countries. We tried to examine the relationship betweenhyperuricemia and MetS in an Iranian population undergoing coronary angiography.
Materials and Methods: From March 2008 to September 2008, we studied 465 patients (260 men, 55.9%) undergoing elective coronary angiography due to symptoms related to coronary artery disease. The MetS was defined according to the adapted Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III A), and hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid concentrations ≥ 7.0 mg/dl in men and ≥ 6.0 mg/dl in women. For the statistical analysis, the statistical software SPSS version 13.0 and the statistical package SAS version 9.1 were applied
Results: The mean age of the study population was 59.66 ± 10.04, ranging from 31 to 85 years. Hyperuricemia was detected in 231 (49.7%) of total population, in 126 (54.5%) of men, and in 105 (45.5%) of women. In the multivariable adjusted model, subjects with MetS and subjects with 5 components of the MetS compared to those without any components of the MetS, had 1.56-fold and 4.19-fold increased odds of hyperuricemia, respectively. Hyperuricemia was significantly associated with elevated BP and low level of HDL-cholesterolbut not with other components of MetS.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that hyperuricemia was strongly associated with the prevalence of MetS according to adapted ATP III guidelines in an Iranian sample of patients undergoing coronary angiography.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8365_4f99ca9f93906ecd686dbddead90d033.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401The Effect of Two Different Doses of Atorvastatin on Lipoprotein-A on Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome1011068366ENAmirfarhang Zand ParsaDept. of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSara AshooriDept. of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAlireza AbdollahiDept. of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-5714-967XJournal Article20110610Background and Objectives: Lipoprotein-a potentially represents a useful tool for risk stratification in cardiovascular accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the atorvastatin effect on serum lipid profile & lipoprotein A.
Material & Methods: In 2009, 405 patients with acute coronary syndrome randomly were divided into 2 groups, taking 20 & 40 mg atorvastatin daily for 3 months. Lipid profile & lipoprotein-A serum levels were checked at the beginning of the study and also one and three months later.
Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups in all measurements except in patients with unstable angina. The difference lay in the change of LP-a level after one month (<em>P</em>=0.045) and in apo-A level in all patients in the second and the third measurements compared with the first one (<em>P</em>=0.001 & <em>P</em>=0.002).
Discussion: It appears that the two doses (20mg and 40mg) of atorvastatin have a reduction effect on lipoprotein-A and serum lipid levels, but no difference is seen in the level of reduction. The 40 mg atorvastatin leaves more effects on reduction of apo-A than on the 20 mg after one and three months.https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8366_040936f04e523300a0b0eeca1b5e7cb3.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Searching the Human Herpes 6, 7 (PCR) In CSF of Children Admitted In Pediatric Ward of Rasoul Hospital, Tehran, Iran1071118367ENFarideh Ebrahimi TajDept. of Infectious Disease, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSamileh NoorbakhshDept. of Infectious Disease, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranHamid Reza MonavariDept. of Virology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, IranAzardokht TabatabaeiDept. of Microbiology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
SciencesMasomeh BakhshyehDept. of Microbiology, Research Center of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical
SciencesJournal Article20101226Background and Objectives: Meningoencephalitis in Iranian children is frequent, but encephalitis is rare .The frequency of HHV-6 and HHV-7 in central nervous system diseases of our children is unclear. The aim of this study was searching the DNA-s of HHV-6 & HHV-7 in CSF samples of children with meningoencephalitis
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study (2007-2009) was done in Pediatric Ward in Rasoul Hospital, Tehran Iran. Totally, 150 CSF samples obtained from children (1-180 months) with meningoencephalitis. Conventional and BACTEC Ped Plus medium, latex agglutination tests were used for ruling out the bacterial causes. We searched the DNA-s of HHV-6 & HHV-6 quantitatively by Real time - PCR in 150 CSF samples obtained from children with meningoencephalitis.
Results: 60.7 % of cases were male. Fever was reported (>38.5) in 74%; irritability in 70%; Convulsion was seen in 53% of cases. Herpes virus was detected in 12% (18/150) of cases. Both HHV-6 & HHV-7 were found in 6% of all cases. HHV-6 DNA was detected in 4.7% (6) and HHV-7 DNA was detected in 2 cases (1.4%) without any correlation to age, sex and clinical signs. HHV-6 was slightly more frequent than HHV-7.
Conclusion: Our data indicate that herpes viruses are not uncommon causes in children with meningoencephalitis. The incidence was lower than other references.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8367_beb932f1ac7f2b6b8ff24e5b603de479.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section in Ovarian Tumors: A 12-Year Review1121208368ENMaliheh KhoddamiDept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000259434458Parishad GhavamDept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110424Background and objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and pitfalls of frozen section in ovarian tumors in one of the largest university affiliated gynecologic oncology centers in Tehran, and determine the cause of discrepancies.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of frozen section and permanent diagnoses of ovarian masses by reviewing the reports in the department of Pathology of Imam Hussein Hospital from 1997 to 2009.
Results: Among 1498 cases of ovarian lesions, only 187 patients had both frozen and paraffin section diagnoses (age range 10-82 yr). 71.7% of these cases had complete concordance, 26.7% had partial and 1.6% had no concordance. The overall sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis were 100% and 99.3%, respectively. The sensitivity of frozen section diagnosisfor benign, borderline, and malignant lesions was 99.3%, 100% and 94.9%; and the specificities were 100%, 98.9% and 99.3% respectively.
Conclusion: Our results show high sensitivity and specificity of frozen section diagnosis in ovarian masses. Pathologist’s misinterpretation was the only cause of discrepancies.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8368_c084a50969574ce6560820de62abd931.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Borderline Ovarian Serous Adenofibromatous tumor with Prominent Micropapillary Pattern1211248369ENMaliheh KhoddamiDept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000000259434458Maryam BarangiDept. of Pathology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20110424Ovarian borderline serous tumors are uncommon. Combination of borderline serous adenofibromatous tumor and prominent micro papillary architecture is not previously reported. We report a case of borderline papillary serous adenofibromatous tumor (also called serous adenocarcinofibroma) with extensive micropapillary pattern in a 27 year-old married woman. She was infertile and presented with diffuse abdominal pain and dysparonia. Bilateral 5.3 and 4.5 cm solid ovarian masses were detected by sonography. Both masses were ovoid with tan-pink bosselated smooth external surfaces, and solid tan lobular cut surfaces. Microscopically, both tumors showed many papillary structures in a fibrotic stroma and contained multiple psammoma bodies. The papillae had broad hyalinized fibrotic stroma with many micropapillary projections arising from the main papilla, lined by mildly pleomorphic cuboidal cells. Mitotic activity was low with no marked nuclear atypia or stromal invasion. No extraovarian implants or metastases were identified.https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8369_70ad22394cd77eaa56f4ef51a6dcc7b9.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Mantle Cell Lymphoma with Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis Presenting With Intussusceptions1251298370ENKoyye Ravindranath TagoreDept. of Pathology, MNR Medical college, Andhra pradesh, IndiaRamineni S Asok KumarDept. of Pathology, MNR Medical college, Andhra pradesh, IndiaJournal Article20110511Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that originates from small to medium sized lymphocytes located in the mantle zone of the lymph node. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal involvement in the form of multiple lymphomatous polyposis. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis due to mantle cell lymphoma presenting with intussusception is uncommon and very few cases have been reported. We are reporting a Mantle cell lymphoma with multiple lymphomatous polyposis presenting with intussusception in a 62 years old male.
https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8370_4885c2bae4bb54072477cc0b913923ed.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Nonfunctional Adrenocortical Carcinoma with Foci of Osseous Metaplasia in a Young Girl1301348371ENSrilatha Parampalli SrinivasDept. of Pathology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, IndiaAlfred RoyDept. of Pathology, KMC International Centre, Manipal University, Manipal, IndiaVijay KumarDept. of Paediatric Surgery, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal University, Manipal,
IndiaJournal Article20110702Nonfunctional adrenocortical carcinoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor in children. Unlike the functional tumor which is detected early due to its hormonal presentation, nonfunctional tumor is detected at a later stage. Here we report a case of a 10 year old girl who presented with abdominal mass and symptoms of short duration. No hypertension and cushingoid features were seen. Serum alpha-fetoprotein, urine vanillyl mandelic acid and homovanillic acid levels were not elevated. CT scan showed multiple pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastatic deposits. With gross and light microscopic findings differential diagnoses of hepatoblastoma, paraganglioma, renal cell carcinoma, adrenal cortical and medullary tumours were made. An array of immunohistochemical markers was done and the final diagnosis given was nonfunctional adrenocortical carcinoma with foci of osseous metaplasia. https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8371_41ea86a7f974e9686ee9f3d663b4680c.pdfFarname Inc in collaboration with Iranian Society of PathologyIranian Journal of Pathology1735-53037220120401Congenital Methemoglobinemia1351388372ENAsma SaadiaDept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, PakistanMohammad Haroon YusafDept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, PakistanAzeem QureshiDept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, PakistanAsim MumtazDept. of Pathology, Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, PakistanJournal Article20110712Congenital methemoglobinemia is a rare cause of cyanosis. We report a case of a girl, 17 years old with peripheral cyanosis and normal cardio-pulmonary system. She was diagnosed as a case of methemoglobinemia based on findings of polycythemia and HbM band on hemoglobin electrophoresis. We emphasize the importance of this rare entity in the differential diagnosis of cyanosis.https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_8372_09addba44bcdf6c43ba39912e9ed406b.pdf