Sanjay Kumar; Jyoti Sharma; Megha Ralli; Gurpreet Singh; Sonu Kalyan; Rajeev Sen
Volume 11, Issue 5 , October 2016, , Pages 469-473
Abstract
Primary soft tissue sarcomas of the breast constitute less than 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas and less than 1% of malignant breast cancers. The rarity of this tumor limits most studies to small retrospective case reviews and case reports. Primary breast sarcomas are locally aggressive tumors as evidenced ...
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Primary soft tissue sarcomas of the breast constitute less than 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas and less than 1% of malignant breast cancers. The rarity of this tumor limits most studies to small retrospective case reviews and case reports. Primary breast sarcomas are locally aggressive tumors as evidenced by the high rate of local recurrence when excisional surgery is performed. A contemporary multidisciplinary approach to therapy including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy is advocated. Herein, we report a case of 45-yr-old female, who presented with a large ulcerated breast mass and was diagnosed as carcinoma breast on fine needle aspiration. Modified radical masectomy was performed and was diagonsed with primary breast stromal sarcoma on histopathology, which is a rare entity.
Thin Thin Win; Nik Mohamed Zaki Nik Mahmood; Saung Oo Ma; Mazita Ismail
Volume 11, Issue 5 , October 2016, , Pages 478-482
Abstract
Clear cell carcinoma of ovary is uncommon ovarian tumour that arises from surface epithelium of ovary. It has well-known association with ovarian endometriosis. We report here the first case of bilateral clear cell carcinoma of ovaries in a 40-year-old woman with a 17-year history of bilateral ovarian ...
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Clear cell carcinoma of ovary is uncommon ovarian tumour that arises from surface epithelium of ovary. It has well-known association with ovarian endometriosis. We report here the first case of bilateral clear cell carcinoma of ovaries in a 40-year-old woman with a 17-year history of bilateral ovarian endometriosis. In addition, during the longstanding duration of the endometriosis, the patient was treated with hormonal therapy, including oestrogen. It represents the first report of such bilateral involvement in the background of ovarian endometriosis. This should prompt clinicians to be aware that prolonged hormonal treatment of endometriosis may precipitate bilateral malignancy of the ovary.
Manveen Kaur; Koushik Kar; Varsha Dalal; Fouzia Siraj
Volume 11, Issue 4 , October 2016, , Pages 421-422
Abstract
Dear Editor-in-Chief A 28 yr male was presented in October 2015 at Medicine Outpatient Department, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi- India with generalized weakness, fever and cough for preceding 15 days. Clinicoradiologic examination revealed pallor, firm, non-tender splenomegaly measuring 13.7 cm and ...
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Dear Editor-in-Chief A 28 yr male was presented in October 2015 at Medicine Outpatient Department, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi- India with generalized weakness, fever and cough for preceding 15 days. Clinicoradiologic examination revealed pallor, firm, non-tender splenomegaly measuring 13.7 cm and hepatomegaly (liver span - 16.9 cm). However, no lymphadenopathy was found.
Bita Geramizadeh; Mahsa Marzban; Andrew Churg
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 195-203
Abstract
Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor which is most commonly seen in the pleura; however it can be seen in other organs such as the meninge, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, bone, and skin. SFT should be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors in these organs. Immunohistochemistry ...
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Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor which is most commonly seen in the pleura; however it can be seen in other organs such as the meninge, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, bone, and skin. SFT should be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors in these organs. Immunohistochemistry plays a pivotal role for the histopathologic diagnosis of this tumor. Currently, new markers have been introduced which has been very useful for definite diagnosis of SFT along with other markers in each specific location which are negative in SFT. Methods: Here we review the reported positive and negative immunohistochemical markers of SFT in the English literature with the emphasis on the useful markers in each specific organ. We explored the English literature from 1990 through 2015 via PubMed, Google, and Google scholar using the following search keywords: Solitary fibrous tumor, Solitary fibrous tumor and immunohistochemistry, Solitary fibrous tumor and diagnosis, Solitary fibrous tumor and histogenesis, Solitary fibrous tumor and prognosis, Solitary fibrous tumor and hemangiopericytoma, Solitary fibrous tumor and differential diagnosis, Solitary fibrous tumor and markers. Results: The most important and valuable positive markers in SFT are CD34, CD99, Bcl-2 and STAT-6.There are consistently negative markers in this tumor as well, used according to the tumor location, such as EMA and S100 Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry is very useful for the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor and for its differentiation with other spindle cell mesenchymal tumor in different locations.
How to cite this article:
Geramizadeh B, Marzban M, Churg A. Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Solitary Fibrous Tumor, a Review. Iran J Pathol. 2016; 11(3):195-293.
Alireza Azizzadeh Delshad; Mohammadreza Jalali Nadoushan; Ali Davati; Aida Rostami
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 231-237
Abstract
Background: Nasal inflammatory disorders such as chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp are among the most prevalent complications with high socioeconomic costs. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) plays a key role in angiogenesis and cell proliferation. In the present study the effect of VEGF ...
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Background: Nasal inflammatory disorders such as chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp are among the most prevalent complications with high socioeconomic costs. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) plays a key role in angiogenesis and cell proliferation. In the present study the effect of VEGF on the development and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyp was investigated. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on the nasal histological specimens of two groups of patients suffering from nasal polyp or chronic rhinosinusitis, and the expression of VEGF in the two groups was compared immunohistochemically. Based on the percentage of VEGF-positive cells the specimens were classified into four scores. Furthermore, the relations between the VEGF expression and some demographic characteristics were evaluated. Results: The VEGF immunohistochemistry findings indicated a significantly higher expression of VEGF in nasal polyp group compared to chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp group. In terms of VEGF-expression scoring, in both groups most of the specimens were classified as score-2, namely indicating 10-50% of VEGF-positive epithelial cells. In both groups no significant relation between VEGF expression and age or sex of the patients could be seen. Conclusion: Local modulation of VEGF expression might be taken as a putative therapeutic strategy in management of sinunasal inflammatory disorders, especially nasal polyps.
Moeinadin Safavi; Jahanbanoo Shahryari; Mohammadmehdi Moeini Aghtaei; Hossein Nikpour
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 255-260
Abstract
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSCRT) is a rare variant of sarcoma with a highly aggressive behavior. It usually affects abdominal cavity and has a male predominance. Its correct diagnosis and treatment is sophisticated and requires an experienced multidisciplinary team. Hereby we present a 25 ...
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Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSCRT) is a rare variant of sarcoma with a highly aggressive behavior. It usually affects abdominal cavity and has a male predominance. Its correct diagnosis and treatment is sophisticated and requires an experienced multidisciplinary team. Hereby we present a 25 yrold man from Kerman Province in 2013 with abdominal mass and ascites who underwent sonograghy guided percutaneous needle biopsy which was misleading and inconclusive for diagnosis. Thus an open biopsy was fulfilled which revealed solid nests of small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and clear cytoplasm surrounded by a desmoplastic stroma suggestive for DSCRT. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunohitochemical reaction for cytokeratin, desmin and neuron specific enolase(NSE).Ultimately the patient underwent chemotherapy on the basis of P6 protocol without surgical debulking.Diagnosis and treatment of DSCRT could be a dilemma due to its rarity, various clinicopathologic mimickers and lack of a consensus about its management.
Recep Bedir; Rukiye Yilmaz; İbrahim Sehitoglu; Cuneyt Yurdakul
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 261-264
Abstract
Round ligament leiomyoma of uterus is rare. It can be presented as inguinal swelling mimicking the inguinal hernia or lymph node. Surgical excision is its curative treatment. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination. A 32 year old pregnant patient having round ligament leiomyoma ...
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Round ligament leiomyoma of uterus is rare. It can be presented as inguinal swelling mimicking the inguinal hernia or lymph node. Surgical excision is its curative treatment. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination. A 32 year old pregnant patient having round ligament leiomyoma as diagnosed histopathologically in Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Hospital in 2014 was presented here as the sixth case in literature.
Bushra Siddiqui; Shahbaz Habib Faridi; Mohd Faizan; Syed Shamshad Ahmad; Rana K Sherwani
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 272-275
Abstract
Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor with a predilection for the bones of lower extremities and about one fourth of the tumors involve the foot.Radiologically, an eccentric lytic lesion with well defined margins is seen in the metaphysis of the bone. We hereby, report an 18 ...
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Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign cartilaginous tumor with a predilection for the bones of lower extremities and about one fourth of the tumors involve the foot.Radiologically, an eccentric lytic lesion with well defined margins is seen in the metaphysis of the bone. We hereby, report an 18 yr old young male who presented to Orthopedic Outpatient Department, JN Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, India diagnosed with giant cell tumor of thethird metatarsal bone of right foot on radiography but on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) the diagnosis of CMF was made. Preoperative diagnosis of this benign condition helped in doing minimum surgical intervention in the form of curettage along with bone grafting. Histopathology further confirmed the diagnosis of CMF. The case is being discussed to highlight the importance of FNAC to diagnose these uncommon benign bone lesions.
Alireza Abdollahi; Reyhaneh Abdollahpouri; Seyed-Mohammad Tavangar
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 281-285
Abstract
Intracranial hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are rare vascular tumors. They account for 0.4% of primary central nervous system tumors. HPC is more commonly located supratentorially and tends to occur in a younger age group, with average age at presentation of 38–42 years. The tumor was found throughout ...
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Intracranial hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are rare vascular tumors. They account for 0.4% of primary central nervous system tumors. HPC is more commonly located supratentorially and tends to occur in a younger age group, with average age at presentation of 38–42 years. The tumor was found throughout the entire CNS, usually superficially and closely related to the meninges. Moreover, they have a strong tendency for local recurrence and extracranial metastasis. Given the clinical, pathological and imaging similarities between Hemangiopericytoma and angioblastic/anaplastic meningioma and the necessity of differentiating these two (choosing the proper treatment and prognosis), we present a report of meningeal Hemangiopericytoma tumor in a 33-year-old female. Our study suggests that in addition to routine histopathological examination, immunohistochemical study is essential to differentiate it from other differential diagnosis. How to cite this article: Abdollahi A, Abdollahpouri R,Tavangar SM. Meningeal Hemangiopericytoma in a 33-yr-Old Female; a Case Report. Iran J Pathol. 2016; 11(3):281-5.
RASHMI M.V.; Pavithra P; Shivakumarappa G.M.
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 286-290
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans is a relatively uncommon slow growing, locally aggressive fibrous tumor of the skin. It has a prospensity of progressing to fibrosarcomatous change in 5% of the cases. We present a case of a 56 yr old male with presented to the outpatient department of surgery, Sri Siddhartha ...
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Dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans is a relatively uncommon slow growing, locally aggressive fibrous tumor of the skin. It has a prospensity of progressing to fibrosarcomatous change in 5% of the cases. We present a case of a 56 yr old male with presented to the outpatient department of surgery, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur with a chest swelling in 2013. FNAC was inconclusive and the mass was excised. On histopathology, areas of benign fibrohistiocytic tumor, dermatofibrosarcoma protruberans and fibrosarcomatous dermatofibrosarcoma were identified in the same tumor. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of DFSP with fibrosarcomatous change. Although, transformed DFSP is more aggressive, the prognosis is influenced by the extent of excision and with wide excision, there may be little increased risk for recurrence and metastasis over that of conventional DFSP.
Dorna Motevalli; Naser Kamalian; Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 291-295
Abstract
Meningioangiomatosis is regarded as a rare benign hamartomatous condition mostly involving the cerebral cortex and overlying leptomeninges. A strong association of MA with neurofibromatosis type 2 has been documented in published articles. Herein we report a case of an otherwise healthy 13-year-old boy ...
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Meningioangiomatosis is regarded as a rare benign hamartomatous condition mostly involving the cerebral cortex and overlying leptomeninges. A strong association of MA with neurofibromatosis type 2 has been documented in published articles. Herein we report a case of an otherwise healthy 13-year-old boy with no family history or stigmata of neurofibromatosis who presented with intractable seizures. MRI revealed a 2x2 cm mass lesion in the frontal lobe. The patient underwent complete surgical resection of the lesion. Although the primary radiologic impression of the lesion was glioma, pathological evaluation of the resected specimen showed mainly proliferation of meningothelial cells and fibroblast-like cells with many thickened blood vessels, which are typical for diagnosis of meningioangiomatosis. After surgical removal of the lesion, the patient is free of seizures. How to cite this article: Motevalli D, Kamalian N, Tavangar SM. Meningioangiomatosis in an otherwise healthy 13 year-old boy: A case report with emphasis on histopathological findings. Iran J Pathol. 2016;11(3):291-5.
Moeinadin Safavi; Shahriar Dabiri
Volume 11, Issue 3 , July 2016, , Pages 296-297
Abstract
Hemangiomas are considered as vascular malformations which are categorized by the type of vascular channel to capillary, cavernous, venous or arteriovenous(1). Their usual locations are soft tissue , cutaneous or subcutaneous tissue and bone especially vertebra(2).However, intradural extramedullary hemangiomas ...
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Hemangiomas are considered as vascular malformations which are categorized by the type of vascular channel to capillary, cavernous, venous or arteriovenous(1). Their usual locations are soft tissue , cutaneous or subcutaneous tissue and bone especially vertebra(2).However, intradural extramedullary hemangiomas are rare and most of them fall in cavernous type category. Hereby, authors report a woman with spinal intradural extramedullary capillary hemangioma which is exceedingly rare.
Parya Bameni Moghaddam; Fatemeh Mahjoub; Amirhossein Emami; Alireza Abdollahi
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 97-103
Abstract
Background: Automatic Cell Counter devises make the CBC differential very easy and delivering the results in few second. However, the problem with this device is facing a flag requires a time-consuming microscopic review of the specimen which causes unacceptable wait times for patient as well as costs ...
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Background: Automatic Cell Counter devises make the CBC differential very easy and delivering the results in few second. However, the problem with this device is facing a flag requires a time-consuming microscopic review of the specimen which causes unacceptable wait times for patient as well as costs for laboratories. In this study, we calculated the validity of WBC diff flags in Sysmex XT-1800i. In addition, we verified the correlation between manual and automated samples. Methods: Overall, 1095 flagged samples were selected in the period of 6 weeks (Imam Hospital complex, Tehran Iran, 2014). The results of both automated and manual counting of the samples were carefully studied and compared. Totally, 624 NRBC flags, 450 Blast flags, 155 abnormal WBC Scatter gram flags, 140 Eosinophilia flags and 468 Monocytosis flags were identified. Results: Considering NRBC and blast flags there was a significant difference between our manual counted and automated counted NRBCs and blasts (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between automated and manual counting of flags for WBC Scatter gram. A significant difference between automated and manual counting data in flags, eosinophilia and monocytosis was foun (P<0.05). Conclusion: We propose the NRBC flags to be ignored and report negative except for the neonatal ward, and the Blasts flags to be ignored and report negative in all the cases. The WBC Scatter gram should be report positive. For eosinophilia and monocytosis flags, we propose, the Sysmex results should be considered correct and the manual checking would not be necessary.
Maliheh Khoddami; yassaman Khademi; Maryam Kazemi Aghdam; Haleh Soltanghoraee
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 120-126
Abstract
Background: Presence of discordance between the Gleason score on needle biopsy and the score of radical prostatectomy specimen is common and universal. In this study, we determined the accuracy of Gleason grading of biopsies in predicting histological grading of radical prostatectomy specimens and the ...
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Background: Presence of discordance between the Gleason score on needle biopsy and the score of radical prostatectomy specimen is common and universal. In this study, we determined the accuracy of Gleason grading of biopsies in predicting histological grading of radical prostatectomy specimens and the degree of overgrading and undergrading of prostatic adenocarcinoma in our center, which is one of the referral centers in Tehran. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed the results of prostate needle biopsies and subsequent prostatectomies diagnosed at the Pathobiology Laboratory Center, Tehran, Iran in 45 patients between 2002 and 2013. Preoperative clinical data and theinformation from biopsy and prostatectomy specimens were collected.The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of different grades and groups were assessed. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to determine the relation of different variables. Results: The biopsy Gleason score was identical to the scores in prostatectomy specimens in 68.2% cases, while 31.8% were discrepant by 1 or 2 Gleason score. We had 9.1% downgrading and 22.7% cases upgraded after prostatectomy. The sensitivity and positive predictive value was 86% and 79% for low grade, 67% and 75% for moderate grade, and 80% and 80% for high-grade tumors, respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the reliability of Gleason grading of needle biopsies in predicting final pathology was satisfavory. Moderate grade group was the most difficult to diagnose in needle biopsy.
Bhushan Warpe; AV Shrikhande; SV Poflee
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 133-137
Abstract
Background: Until now, trimodal distribution of HbS has been seen by six different studies in the world when associated with alpha-thalassemia with confirmation by corresponding alpha-genotyping studies. The RBC indices reduce as alpha-globin genes reduce in sickle cell trait (SCT) patients, which decreases ...
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Background: Until now, trimodal distribution of HbS has been seen by six different studies in the world when associated with alpha-thalassemia with confirmation by corresponding alpha-genotyping studies. The RBC indices reduce as alpha-globin genes reduce in sickle cell trait (SCT) patients, which decreases the extent of intra-vascular sickling and thus betters the clinical course of the patients. This is a pioneer study conducted on Central Indian poor population to use the already proven six studies to screen associated alpha-thalassemia in SCT patients thus, circumventing the much costlier alpha-genotyping studies. Moreover, it aimed to study the haematological parameters in such cases. Methods: The study was performed at RHDMC, IGGMC, Nagpur, India from 2003 to 2012. The sample population was suspected cases of haemolytic anaemia. CBC and RBC indices were obtained by a cell analyzer. The sickle solubility test positively screened cases were confirmed by agar-gel haemoglobin electrophoresis at pH 8.6. Finally, quantitative assessment of haemoglobin variants was performed by HPLC. Results: Out of total 5819 cases over ten years, 933 cases were sickle heterozygotes. Overall, 180/933 subjects were predicted to be homozygous alpha-thalassemia and 338/933 were heterozygous alpha-thalassemia, based on trimodal distribution of HbS. Conclusion: Genotyping is costlier for majority of the poor non-affording patients in Indian government set-ups, so this study is suitable to screen for associated alpha-thalassemia in SCT patients.
Vikram Narang; Harsimran Kaur; Pavneet Kaur Selhi; Neena Sood; Aminder Singh
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 151-154
Abstract
Background: Quality assurance in the hematology laboratory is a must to ensure laboratory users of reliable test results with high degree of precision and accuracy. Even after so many advances in hematology laboratory practice, pre-analytical errors remain a challenge for practicing pathologists. This ...
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Background: Quality assurance in the hematology laboratory is a must to ensure laboratory users of reliable test results with high degree of precision and accuracy. Even after so many advances in hematology laboratory practice, pre-analytical errors remain a challenge for practicing pathologists. This study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate the types and frequency of preanalytical errors in hematology laboratory of our center. Methods: All the samples received in the Hematology Laboratory of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India over a period of one year (July 2013-July 2014) were included in the study and preanalytical variables like clotted samples, quantity not sufficient, wrong sample, without label, wrong label were studied. Results: Of 471,006 samples received in the laboratory, preanalytical errors, as per the above mentioned categories was found in 1802 samples. The most common error was clotted samples (1332 samples, 0.28% of the total samples) followed by quantity not sufficient (328 sample, 0.06%), wrong sample (96 samples, 0.02%), without label (24 samples, 0.005%) and wrong label (22 samples, 0.005%) Conclusion: Preanalytical errors are frequent in laboratories and can be corrected by regular analysis of the variables involved. Rectification can be done by regular education of the staff.
Manisha Sharma; Manas Madan; Mridu Manjari; Harleen Kaur
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 161-166
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a mesenchymal tumor composed of tumor cells producing cartilage. It is more common in older age and often affects the axial skeleton. We report a rare case of chondrosarcoma mimicking a sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension. A 40 yr woman presented with decreasing visual ...
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Chondrosarcoma is a mesenchymal tumor composed of tumor cells producing cartilage. It is more common in older age and often affects the axial skeleton. We report a rare case of chondrosarcoma mimicking a sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension. A 40 yr woman presented with decreasing visual acuity and headache. Magnetic resonance (MR) image revealed a cystic sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension showing mild enhancing solid component. It favored the diagnosis of craniopharyngioma. The patient underwent trans-sphenoidal partial resection of the tumor resulting in removal of the sellar mass. However, the suprasellar mass could not be excised completely due to limited surgical field. The pathologic diagnosis was chondrosarcoma. Eight months after the operation, pterional approach was performed to remove the remaining mass. Intraoperative findings confirmed that the mass originated from dorsum sellae.
Debjani Mallick; Aniruna Dey; Sonia Gon; Gayatri Ghoah
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 167-170
Abstract
Malignant papillary neoplasms of the breast comprise a number of microscopically distinct lesions, where apocrine metaplasia is commonly found in papillomas compared to other papillary lesions including papillary carcinomas. However, association of apocrine metaplasia in papilloma with Ductal Carcinoma ...
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Malignant papillary neoplasms of the breast comprise a number of microscopically distinct lesions, where apocrine metaplasia is commonly found in papillomas compared to other papillary lesions including papillary carcinomas. However, association of apocrine metaplasia in papilloma with Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) is not very well defined. The lesions with apocrine metaplasia are not only difficult to categories, but also there is controversy regarding their relative risk of subsequent carcinoma development. A case of extensive apocrine differentiation in duct papilloma with DCIS developing in the background of papillomatosis, posing a diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist and a therapeutic challenge for the surgeon, is hereby reported for its uniqueness and rarity. Awareness of this association should be kept in mind by both the pathologist as well as clinician for optimal therapeutic intervention.
David Rosero; Ramiro Alvarez; Paula Gambó; María Alastuey; Alberto Valero; Nerea Torrecilla; A. Belén Roche; Sara Simón
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 181-185
Abstract
Acinic cell carcinoma arising in salivary glands is a rare tumor, accounting for 2% to 5% of the primary neoplasms of the parotid gland. When these tumors are well-differentiated, the neoplasia has innocuous aspect, due to the similarity to normal parotid tissue. This makes the diagnosis difficult. Initially ...
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Acinic cell carcinoma arising in salivary glands is a rare tumor, accounting for 2% to 5% of the primary neoplasms of the parotid gland. When these tumors are well-differentiated, the neoplasia has innocuous aspect, due to the similarity to normal parotid tissue. This makes the diagnosis difficult. Initially the malignancy of this tumor was uncertain; however, recent studies have declared it as malignant. The female / male ratio is 3:2. The nodule usually presents as solitary and well defined shape. Several authors have used different terms to describe histomorphological patterns of these tumors. Four descriptive categories (solid, microcystic, papillary-cystic and follicular) are useful for pathologists. Here we report a case of a 49 yr old man with a left parotid nodule of 5 cm. Parotidectomy was performed at the Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, in Zaragoza (Spain). The microscopy showed a tumor with acinic semblance, having the four morphologic patterns previously described. The morphological and immunohistochemical study was consistent with the diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma.
Shiva Dideban; Alireza Abdollahi; Alipasha Meysamie; Shokouh Sedghi; Mona Shahriari
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 1-19
Abstract
Background: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for 70–90% of well-differentiated thyroid malignancies. Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma is a subtype of papillary carcinoma ...
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Background: Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for 70–90% of well-differentiated thyroid malignancies. Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma is a subtype of papillary carcinoma that included tumors with less than 10mm diameter. As a result of diagnostic methods improvement, prevalence of this tumor is increasing. In this study we reviewed different characteristics of tumor. Methods: We searched various factors about this tumor in different databases (PubMed, Ovid, Google scholar, Iran medex and SID databases,July 2012 till August 2013), after that the articles were classified. Data of each article were extracted and sorted in tables.Data of each factor in different articles were summarized. Results:Etiology, clinical presentation, prognosis, histopathology, follow-up, diagnosis and also age, gender, tumor size and treatment were factors about this tumor described in details here. Conclusion: Awareness and better understanding of the characteristics of this tumor and manage it as an individual and valuable tumor can take an effective step in promoting public health practice.
Rehana Najam; Rana Sherwani; Safia Rana; Seema Hakim; Zeeba Jairajpuri
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 20-26
Abstract
Background: The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB) refers to any abnormal bleeding from the uterus, unassociated with tumour, inflammation and pregnancy. The histological diagnosis of DUB is very essential for adequate management especially in perimenopausal and postmenopausal females. The present ...
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Background: The term dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB) refers to any abnormal bleeding from the uterus, unassociated with tumour, inflammation and pregnancy. The histological diagnosis of DUB is very essential for adequate management especially in perimenopausal and postmenopausal females. The present study was undertaken with the aim of evaluating DUB in various age groups, carry out histopathological study of the endometrium and analyze its clinic-pathological patterns. Methods: The study included 500 cases of atypical uterine bleeding, out of which 120 cases of DUB were included based on clinical features and detailed investigations. Study was conducted in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, between March 2003 to December 2004 Endometrial tissue was collected by D&C procedure and the samples were sent for histopathological evaluation by pathologist. Result: Hyperplasia was the commonest endometrial pathology (20.5%) followed by luteal phase insufficiency (15.6%) and secretory endometrium (13.7%). Endometritis including tubercular endometritis (12.7%), post abortal (5.8%), proliferative (6.8%), polyp (3.9%), atrophic (3.9%), exogenous hormone changes (2.9%) and anovulatory cycles(6.8%) made up for the remaining lesions. Conclusion: DUB occurs secondary to a wide variety of functional and structural abnormalities, warranting a thorough evaluation especially in perimenoupausal females. Menorrhagia is a common symptom and the most likely etiology relates to the patient’s age. Significant number of endometrial samples revealed pathology rendering endometrial curetting and biopsy an important procedure. Cervical cytology is a valuable adjunct however histopathology remains the gold standard in diagnosis.
Rashid Gholami; Shirzad Gholami; Hamid Emadi-Kouchak; Alireza Abdollahi; Mona Shahriari
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 27-34
Abstract
Background: Cryptosporidiumis known as an opportunist disease-causing agent in man in recent decades. It causes diarrhea and intestinal disorders in the immune deficit and immune competent individuals. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients withcryptosporidiosisinfection. ...
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Background: Cryptosporidiumis known as an opportunist disease-causing agent in man in recent decades. It causes diarrhea and intestinal disorders in the immune deficit and immune competent individuals. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients withcryptosporidiosisinfection. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 53 HIV/AIDS patients referred to the Behavior Disease Consultation Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2013. First, the patients were studied clinically and the context data were recorded in a questionnaire for parasitological examination and referred to the laboratory for eosinophil count, and CD4 count per ml of blood. Results: Cryptosporidiosiswas observed in 4 (7.6%) of the total 53 HIV/AIDS patients. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in the age range of 30-39 yr.Itwas observed in different sexes as 5.7% of male and 1.9% of female, but statistically was insignificant (P=0.163).75% of patients had no intestinal symptom, 11.4% with acute diarrhea and 3.8% with chronic diarrhea. Cryptosporidiosis cases were observed in 5.7% of patients without intestinal symptom. Conclusion: Practitioners in the clinicalexamination for the detectionof the opportunistic intestinal protozoan infection should use clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the HIV/AIDS patients for the diagnostic of Cryptosporidium and other opportunistic parasitic diseases.
Katayoun Ziari; Kamyab Alizadeh
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 61-65
Abstract
Ovarian hemangiomas are benign and rare tumors of female genital tract with less than 60 reported cases in the literature. A 38- yr- old woman was admitted to Be’sat Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2012, due to severe abdominal pain. Ultrasound evaluation revealed a 6 cm left ovarian cystic mass and ...
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Ovarian hemangiomas are benign and rare tumors of female genital tract with less than 60 reported cases in the literature. A 38- yr- old woman was admitted to Be’sat Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2012, due to severe abdominal pain. Ultrasound evaluation revealed a 6 cm left ovarian cystic mass and serum tumor markers were normal. Then, left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed for the patient. Microscopic examination revealed a follicular cyst and an incidental cavernous hemangioma consisting thin-walled vascular channels filled with blood that lined with flatten endothelial cells. In IHC staining strong immunoreactivity for CD31 and CD34 were seen, finally, the diagnosis of primary ovarian hemangioma, cavernous-type was made. The clinicopathologic presentation of this unusual benign tumor is discussed.
Shweta Rana; Manmeet Kaur Gill; Shivani Kalhan; Rahul N Satarkar; Ashok Sangwaiya; Pawan Singh
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 66-70
Abstract
Malignant mixed germ cell tumors,though rare overall, are the most common type of malignant ovarian neoplasms in young and adolescent girls. These tumors are rapidly growing and can metastasize. We report a case of 13-yr-old girl who presented at SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India in December 2013 ...
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Malignant mixed germ cell tumors,though rare overall, are the most common type of malignant ovarian neoplasms in young and adolescent girls. These tumors are rapidly growing and can metastasize. We report a case of 13-yr-old girl who presented at SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India in December 2013 with huge abdominal lump of a malignant mixed germ cell tumor comprising both immature teratoma and embryonal carcinoma. This report illustrates the aggressiveness of this tumor and emphasises the need of early diagnosis and treatment.
Payam Azadeh; Ali Yaghobi Joybari; Samaneh Sarbaz; Hosein Ali Ghiasi; Maryam Farasatinasab
Volume 11, Issue 1 , January 2016, , Pages 76-79
Abstract
Metastasis of gastroesphageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma in skeletal muscle is rare and primary sites for skeletal muscle metastases are usually lung, renal and colorectal cancer. We have encountered with the first case report of solitary psoas muscle metastasis of GEJ adenocarcinoma. Here we describe ...
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Metastasis of gastroesphageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma in skeletal muscle is rare and primary sites for skeletal muscle metastases are usually lung, renal and colorectal cancer. We have encountered with the first case report of solitary psoas muscle metastasis of GEJ adenocarcinoma. Here we describe a 65 years old man was diagnosed with GEJ adenocarcinoma in tertiary hospital, Tehran, Iran in February 2014. We were not able to use PET techniques due to lack of access. Staging CT scans demonstrated a small mass lateral to right psoas muscle. A CT-guided core needle biopsy of right psoas muscle was performed that supported a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma consistent with primary adenocarcinoma of the GEJ. Distant metastasis to skeletal muscle rarely occurs in patients with GEJ adenocarcinoma, but heightened awareness to these soft tissue lesions is warranted. CT or MR imaging could show findings suggestive of metastatic disease, although PET is preferable modality.
