Breast Pathology
Ramesh Omranipour; Newsha Nazarian; Sadaf Alipour; Alireza Abdollahi; Bita Eslami
Abstract
Background & Objective: Human epidermal growth receptor-2 (HER2) gene amplification is an important predictive and prognostic factor in breast cancer treatment. However, the expression of HER2 determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is considered as borderline in some cases, and confirmation of ...
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Background & Objective: Human epidermal growth receptor-2 (HER2) gene amplification is an important predictive and prognostic factor in breast cancer treatment. However, the expression of HER2 determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is considered as borderline in some cases, and confirmation of the HER2 status by either fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is necessary for correct treatment decision-making. Considering the high cost of FISH and CISH, we aimed to investigate whether clinicopathological findings of the tumor could predict the HER2 status. Methods: A retrospective study was performed using the data from 584 patients with breast cancer with HER2-borderline disease, confirmed by IHC. Final HER2 status, pathologic tumor size and type, nodal involvement, Ki67 index, presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and stage were retrieved from the clinical records.Results: One hundred twenty-one (20.7%) patients were HER2-positive according to the FISH or CISH results. Logistic regression analysis showed that the pathologic size was positively associated with HER2 positivity with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01-1.04). In addition, the adjusted OR illustrated a statistically significant association between HER2 positivity and PR negativity (OR= 2.22, 95% CI: 1.29-3.83).Conclusion: In HER2 borderline breast cancer, HER2 positivity significantly increases with tumor size and PR negativity. Further studies are recommended that may find an applicable model to predict the actual status of HER2 in borderline cases.
Uropathology
Hedieh Moradi Tabriz; Elham Nazar; Seyed Ali Ahmadi; Esmaeil Azimi; Fazeleh Majidi
Abstract
Background and Objective: Urothelial neoplasm (UN) of bladder is a potentially lethal malignancy, particularly in locally advanced or metastatic cases. Development of molecular markers such as HER2 and Survivin may provide useful information on diagnosis and prognosis in UN of bladder. Materials and ...
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Background and Objective: Urothelial neoplasm (UN) of bladder is a potentially lethal malignancy, particularly in locally advanced or metastatic cases. Development of molecular markers such as HER2 and Survivin may provide useful information on diagnosis and prognosis in UN of bladder. Materials and Methods: We studied the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of HER2 and Survivin in 84 radical/partial cystectomy and transurethral resection (TUR) specimens with different histologic grades and stages. All samples were obtained from pathology department of Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran from 2014 to 2018. Results: From the total number of 84 UN samples, 10 cases (11.9%) had papillary neoplasm of low malignant potential, 30 cases (35.7%) had low-grade papillary urothelial neoplasm, and 44 cases (52.4%) had high-grade papillary urothelial neoplasm. HER2 and Survivin expressions were seen in 44 (52.4%) (p =0.610) and 9 (10.7%) patients (p =0.046), respectively.Survivin expression showed a mild increase in high grade UN. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the IHC expression of Survivin and HER2 are not well associated with histological grades of Urothelial neoplasms of bladder. This may be partly due to relatively small sample size and various factors such as patient characteristics or antibody specifications.
Gynecologic Pathology
Mohammad Hashemi-Bahremani; Abdolali Ebrahimi; Mohaddese Fallahi
Abstract
Background & Objective: The her2 amplification plays an important role in breast cancer management. Therefore, there is a need for using supplementary molecular methods in IHC equivocal cases. Present study has been conducted to determine the effects of clinicopathological variables on her2 gene ...
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Background & Objective: The her2 amplification plays an important role in breast cancer management. Therefore, there is a need for using supplementary molecular methods in IHC equivocal cases. Present study has been conducted to determine the effects of clinicopathological variables on her2 gene amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in IHC Her2 (2+) breast cancer individuals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zaferanyeh Laboratory collaborated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Tehran-Iran; 2015-2018). All pathological data related invasive breast cancer patients with equivocal IHC results were included. CISH method was performed as a supplementary technique. The associations between histopathologic variables, status of Ki-67 index, progesterone and estrogen receptors (PR & ER) with her2 amplification by CISH were investigated and analyzed. The level of significance was considered as P-value < 0.05. Result: Totally, 239 patients with mean age of 53.2 years were studied. CISH identified her2 gene amplification in 51 subjects (21.3%). The type of tumor (invasive ductal carcinoma), the tumor grade, and the value of Ki-67 index were directly correlated with her2 amplification. Significant negative associations were also observed between CISH results and ER and PR expression. Conclusion: As her2 gene amplification was identified in 21.3% of invasive breast cancer patients with equivocal IHC results, it is supposed that applying CISH method may consider as a potentially valuable supplementary method. Results have also shown that higher grades of tumor, invasive ductal carcinoma, absences of hormone receptors and high Ki-67 index significantly correlated with the her2 amplification.
Fereshteh Ensani; Ramesh Omranipour; Isa Jahanzad; Azadeh Jafari; Shima Nafarzadeh; Pouyan Aminishakib
Abstract
Background &Objectives: Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) Her-2 on core needle biopsies (CNBs) is increasingly in use to diagnosis early breast cancer, but its concordance with surgical excision (SE) is not well documented. ...
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Background &Objectives: Evaluation of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) Her-2 on core needle biopsies (CNBs) is increasingly in use to diagnosis early breast cancer, but its concordance with surgical excision (SE) is not well documented. Methods: The study included 100 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of invasive breast carcinoma archived in Pathology Department of Cancer Institute, Tehran, Iran, from 2011 to 2014. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect ER, PR, and Her-2. Results: The current study findings indicated a significant correlation of 90% between CNB and SE specimens for ER expression. The correlation between CNB and SE specimens was estimated as 81% and 97.3% for PR and Her-2, respectively. Discussion: CNB can be performed confidently to determine ER and Her-2. For PR, results obtained from CNB should be considered.
Hematopathology
Hossein Ayatollahi; Azar Fani; Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani; Fateme Homaee; Arezoo Shajiei; Maryam Sheikh; Sepideh Shakeri; Seyyede Fatemeh Shams
Abstract
Background and objective: The assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status has become of great importance in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization ...
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Background and objective: The assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status has become of great importance in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) to assess HER2 status of biopsy specimens. Methods: To elucidate the status of HER2 gene amplification, biopsies of breast carcinoma from 120 patients with 2+ IHC status were analyzed by qPCR and CISH. Results: The results of the two experiments were compared, and it was depicted that the concordance rate between CISH and qPCR assays was 88.1%.The quantification of HER2 gene with CISH and qPCR showed that there was a significant correlation (p value= 0.0001 and r= 0.808). Conclusion: The results of this research support the idea that qPCR is a precise and reproducible technique, which can be employed as a supplementary method to evaluate HER2 status.
Gynecologic Pathology
Mahdi Ahadi; Vahid Naseh; Masoud Salehipour
Abstract
Background & objective: The HER-2 gene is an important on co protein overexpressed in many types of cancers. The current study hypothesized that curcumin downregulates HER-2 and inhibits the signal transduction pathway of PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and activation of NFκB, which could be useful to treat ...
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Background & objective: The HER-2 gene is an important on co protein overexpressed in many types of cancers. The current study hypothesized that curcumin downregulates HER-2 and inhibits the signal transduction pathway of PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and activation of NFκB, which could be useful to treat overexpressed-HER-2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: In the current study, 40 male NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice were divided into 4 groups of 10 as follow: Group1 (control group) only received 5 mL/kg corn oil, group 2 (poisoned group) received 30 mg/L arsenic (As2O3) dissolved in water, group3 (curcumin treated), and group 4 (curcumin and arsenic treated) received 10 to 20mg/5mL/kg for 60 days. Once experimental period was completed, liver samples were collected. The analysis of the gene expression was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: Gene expression analysis showed that curcumin had significantly downregulated the activity of HER-2, in poisoned mice. Conclusion: According to the current study results, it could be concluded that curcumin has the inhibitory potential toward HER-2-overexpressed HCC.
Zaidoon A. Musa; Ban J. Qasim; A.Wahab A.K. Al Shaikhly
Abstract
Background and Objective:Determination of HER2 gene is crucial in breast carcinoma management and prognosis, as HER2 alterations are linked to a shorter disease-free period, overall survival and resistance to tamoxifen anti-estrogen therapy and other chemotherapy regimens, regardless of the nodal or ...
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Background and Objective:Determination of HER2 gene is crucial in breast carcinoma management and prognosis, as HER2 alterations are linked to a shorter disease-free period, overall survival and resistance to tamoxifen anti-estrogen therapy and other chemotherapy regimens, regardless of the nodal or hormone receptor status. This study aimed to estimate HER2 gene status of infiltrative mammary cancer cases with immunohistochemically equivocal (2+) score using Silver DNA in Situ Hybridization(SISH) technique and to investigate its association with clinicopathological variables. Methods: The study included 52 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks from female patients with invasive breast carcinoma with score of 2+ (equivocal) HER2 immunohistochemistry. All cases were studied by silver DNA in situ hybridization technique (SISH) for the determination of the amplified HER2 DNA. Results: TheSISH technique showed that HER2 gene was not amplified in 33 cases out of 52 (63.5%); while the rest of 19 cases (36.5%) revealed amplified gene status.According to age, HER2 gene status reported non-significant difference in the age groups between cases with amplified and non-amplified gene status (P=0.173). There was a significant negative association between positive Estrogen (ER) and Progesterone (PR) status and HER2 gene amplification (P= 0.002 and 0.017, respectively). Conclusion: More than half of breast carcinoma cases with equivocal HER2 immunoreactivity showed non-amplified gene status; this needs to be considered by oncologists in their management planning of breast cancer. Amplified HER2 gene is significantly associated with negative ER and PR status that affects patients’ management protocols and future outcome of the disease.
