Cytology
Saeedeh Shojaeepour; Shahriar Dabiri; Bahram Dabiri; Masoud Imani; Maryam Fekri Soofi Abadi; Fatemeh Hashemi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Reproductive toxicity of cadmium (Cd) as an environmental toxicant has been proved in animals and humans. Exposure to Cd impairs testes organs and can reduce male fertility. The present study was designed to investigate the spectrum of histopathological changes in testicular ...
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Background & Objective: Reproductive toxicity of cadmium (Cd) as an environmental toxicant has been proved in animals and humans. Exposure to Cd impairs testes organs and can reduce male fertility. The present study was designed to investigate the spectrum of histopathological changes in testicular tissue focusing on Sertoli cells in rats following Cd intoxication.Methods: In the present experiment, acute testicular toxicity was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of 1.2 mg/kg CdCl2 to the animals in the test group, while the control group received normal saline. After 52 days, the animals were euthanized, and testicular tissue was stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin. In addition, immunohistochemical staining was performed on Sertoli cells for Wilms' Tumor, Melan-A, and CD99 to evaluate histopathological changes.Results: Cd caused significant alterations in seminiferous tubules with varying effects on the patterns of spermatozoa production. These histopathological changes were significantly higher in the Cd group, compared to the control group.Conclusion: The Cd-induced stepwise spectrum changes included sloughing, disorganization, hypospermatogenesis, spermatic cell arrest, germ cell hypoplasia, Sertoli cell-only pattern, fibro-hyalinized seminiferous tubules, and calcification. Sertoli cells accumulated and created multinucleated giant cells in the seminiferous tubules during the atrophic process, which could be dependent upon Sertoli cells viability and function.
Khadijeh Foghi; Shahriar Ahmadpour
Volume 9, Issue 1 , January 2014, , Pages 33-37
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Studies have documented the morhplogical, neurochemical and functional difference between the dorsal and ventral zones of hippocampus. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of chronic diabetes mellitus type1 on ventral and dorsal zones of hippocampus.
Methods: ...
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Background and Objectives: Studies have documented the morhplogical, neurochemical and functional difference between the dorsal and ventral zones of hippocampus. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of chronic diabetes mellitus type1 on ventral and dorsal zones of hippocampus.
Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced by stereptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/kg. At the end of 8 weeks the brains were removed and stained by cresyl violet. The number of dark neurons in CA1 and CA3 regions of dorsal and ventral zones of hippocampus was counted by modified stereological method.
Results: The number of dead neurons in CA3 ventral showed significant level of difference (P<0.05) in comparison to CA3 dorsal. The number of dead neurons in CA1 ventral and CA1 dorsal showed also significant difference (P<0.05)
Conclusion: The results of our study indicative of more vulnerability of ventral zones the dorsal zone of hippocampus to diabetes mellitus type 1.
Mohsen Khalili; Zahra Kiasalari; Batol Rahmati; Jamshid Narenjkar
Volume 5, Issue 1 , January 2010, , Pages 27-33
Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is well established the beneficial effects of Crocus sativus extract in learning and memory improvement. In the present study the effect of this plant in memory behavioral impairment and forbrain histological damage induced by STZ-icv model of Alzheimer disease ...
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Background and Objectives: There is well established the beneficial effects of Crocus sativus extract in learning and memory improvement. In the present study the effect of this plant in memory behavioral impairment and forbrain histological damage induced by STZ-icv model of Alzheimer disease were investigated. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Shahed University (Tehran) in 2007. Forty five male rats were divided into three 15 number groups: 1- Control which received CSF bilaterally two times in 1 and 3 days (10 µl in each injection ) 2- STZ-icv, streptozotocin (3 mg/kg) dissolved in CSF was injected (icv) to the animals. 3- STZ+CSE, the STZ-icv animals received the plant extract (30 mg/kg; i.p) one other day as treatment ones. All of the animal groups were weighted and subjected to memory behavioral passive avoidance test and brain histological damage analysis. Results: STZ caused selective injury to the fornix and hippocampus and an enlargement as well as loss of ependymal cell in third ventricle. However, STZ-icv treated animals with CSE (30 mg/kg, i.p) one other day starting one day pre-surgery for three weeks show higher correct choice and lower errors in shuttle box test than vehicle-treated STZ-injected rats. But the same CSE treatment rats did not show any antagonizing effects on STZ-icv induced histological impairment. Conclusion: Our findings provide an explanation for effectiveness of CSE in preventing the cognitive deficits caused by STZ-icv in rats, which mediated by enzymes, metabolisms (glucose utilization) and other biochemical pathways, but not via histological injury repair.
Shahriar Ahmadpour; Hossein Haghir; Yousef Sadeghi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , January 2008, , Pages 1-4
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hippocampal volume reduction has been reported in diabetes mellitus type 1. It is believed that hyperglycemia and oxidative stress mediate neuropathological changes in hippocampal neurons. In this study we aimed to study the effect of insulin and an antioxidant like ...
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Background and Objectives: Hippocampal volume reduction has been reported in diabetes mellitus type 1. It is believed that hyperglycemia and oxidative stress mediate neuropathological changes in hippocampal neurons. In this study we aimed to study the effect of insulin and an antioxidant like ascorbic acid on preventing volume changes of dentate gyrus and CA3 region of hippocampus. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on male Wistar rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (80 mg/kg). Control animals (C) received only saline. Six weeks later diabetic rats were divided into four groups as follows: diabetic (D), diabetic/insulin (D/Ins), diabetic/insulin + ascorbic acid (D/Ins+AA), and diabetic/ascorbic acid (D/AA). Treatments were continued for two weeks. At the end of treatment course, the hippocampi were removed and dentate gyrus and CA3 region volumes were measured using Cavalieri principle. Results: STZ diabetic rats showed a reduction in DG and CA3 volumes. The volume of DG and CA3 in D and D/AA groups showed a reduction in comparison with control group (p<0.01). However, the volumes of DG and CA3 in groups D/Ins and D/Ins+AA showed no significant difference related to control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings showed that insulin administration reverse volume reduction of dentate and CA3 region.
Mehrdad Roghani; Mohammad Taghi Joghataie; Mohammad Reza Jalali Nadoushan; Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad; Farshad Roghani Dehkordi
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2006, , Pages 135-140
Abstract
Background and Objective: Although diabetes mellitus is known to be one of the risk factors for dementia but neuropathic changes in the brain of diabetic patients have not been completely revealed. Therefore, this research study was done to evaluate structural changes in pyramidal neurons of hippocampal ...
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Background and Objective: Although diabetes mellitus is known to be one of the risk factors for dementia but neuropathic changes in the brain of diabetic patients have not been completely revealed. Therefore, this research study was done to evaluate structural changes in pyramidal neurons of hippocampal CA1 area of male diabetic rats using Golgi-impregnation method. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin (STZ) was injected (i.p.) at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. At the end of 1st and 2nd months, rats were transcardially perfused and Golgi-impregnation method was used to evaluate the changes of dendritic spines in CA1 area. Results: It was found out that there was a significant reduction in mean density of pyramidal neuron dendritic spines after 1 and 2 months in diabetic group as compared to age-matched controls (p