Biochemistry
Hassan Ghasemi; Nayere Askari; Sakine Moaiedmohseni; Soghrat Faghihzadeh; Susan Kabudanian Ardestani; Elham Faghihzadeh; Tooba Ghazanfari
Abstract
Background and objective Aside from direct toxic effects, Sulfur Mustard (SM) induced serum hormone abnormalities may aggravate ocular complaints, including Ocular Surface Discomfort (OSD) (burning, itching, and redness), dry eye sensation, photophobia, blurred vision, foreign body sensation, and pain. ...
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Background and objective Aside from direct toxic effects, Sulfur Mustard (SM) induced serum hormone abnormalities may aggravate ocular complaints, including Ocular Surface Discomfort (OSD) (burning, itching, and redness), dry eye sensation, photophobia, blurred vision, foreign body sensation, and pain. The aim of the current study was to investigate the possible association of ocular complaints with serum hormone concentrations in chronic phase of Sulfur Mustard (SM) exposure. Methods:As a part of Sardasht Iran Cohort Study (SICS), 372 SM-exposed patients and 128 non-exposed participants were enrolled. Ocular complaints and ocular surface biomicroscopic conditions and serum hormones were compared. Results:The exposed with tearing group had significantly higher mean serum levels of testosterone and prolactin (ng/mL) than controls (5.75 vs. 4.75, P=0.031; 11.71 vs. 8.42, P=0.009). The exposed with OSD group had significantly higher mean serum levels of prolactin than controls (12.48 vs. 6.90, P=0.002). The exposed with photophobia group had significantly higher mean serum levels of testosterone than the matched exposed (6.25 vs. 5.65, P=0.013). The exposed with blurred vision group had significantly higher mean serum levels of Thyroglobulin (Tg) (ng/mL) than the matched exposed (65.73 vs. 32.6, P=0.003). Conclusion: Higher mean serum levels of testosterone (in exposed with tearing and photophobia) and prolactin (in exposed with tearing and OSD) may play protective roles against SM effects. Higher mean serum levels of Tg may deteriorate the tear film integrity and optical surface, which causes blurred vision. In the chronic phase of SM toxicity, some ocular surface problems are associated with alterations in the serum concentrations of testosterone, prolactin, and Tg.
Nahid Kazemzadeh; Alireza Kadkhodaei; Babak Soltani; Siamak Soltani; Sahar Rismantab Sani
Volume 9, Issue 3 , July 2014, , Pages 181-186
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Respiratory, central nervous system, and skin complications of mustard gas toxicity have previously been studied; however, the liver and kidney side effects due to this intoxication have not been fully noted. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of liver, kidney and lung lesions ...
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Background & Objectives: Respiratory, central nervous system, and skin complications of mustard gas toxicity have previously been studied; however, the liver and kidney side effects due to this intoxication have not been fully noted. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of liver, kidney and lung lesions in mustard gas-exposed Iranian veterans who had been exposed to the toxin almost 2 decades before.
Methods: A total of 100 veteran bodies underwent autopsy by at least two forensic medicine specialists. The liver, kidney and lung specimens were sent for pathological examination and their lesions, severity of the lesions, and the relation between the type/severity of the lesions and the time elapsed since their appearance were studied.
Results: A total of 83%, 63%, and 62% of the veterans had lung, liver, and kidney pathologies. The most common pathologies included liver steatosis, interstitial fibrosis of the kidney, and lung atelectasis.
Conclusion: Liver and kidney pathologies are far more common than what is considered in the mustard gas-exposed veterans. These pathologies are often accompanied by very severe lung complications.