Maryam Amini; Ali Davati; Masomeh Piri
Volume 8, Issue 1 , January 2013, , Pages 21-26
Abstract
Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the main problems in health systems in the world. Diabetic Foot infections (DFI) is one of the main complications and the most cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputation .This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacteria involved in ...
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Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is one of the main problems in health systems in the world. Diabetic Foot infections (DFI) is one of the main complications and the most cause of non-traumatic lower limb amputation .This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacteria involved in DFI and their antibiotic resistance in patients with DFI diagnosis.
Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was designed in 4 years period from April 2007 to March 2010 on 90 patient in Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital,Tehran, Iran .For bacteriological analysis, all wound samples culture grown by standard methods bacteriology and Disk diffusion method was used for antibiogram. Patient’s clinical and epidemiologic data were collected from recorded file. The data were analyzed by using SPSS16 statistical software.
Results: 104 bacteria were isolated from 90 patients. 57.70% were gram-positive and 42.30% were gram-negative. Among gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (60%) and enteroccoci spp.(33.3%) and among gram-negative bacteria E. coli (47.73%), Pseudomonas Aeroginosa (22.73%) and Proteus spp.(18.18%) were the most common isolates respectively. 75% of isolates were resistant to two antibiotics or more. Previous antibiotic therapy was significant risk factor for multidrug resistant (MDR) infections (P: 0.003). All gram-positive isolates were sensitive to Vancomycin. Imipenem and Amikacin had good activity against gram-negative bacteria.
Conclusion:Infection with MDR bacteria in patients with diabetic foot ulcers is high and have significant association with recent antibiotic therapy. So the proper use of antibiotics in order to prevent the creation of multi-drug resistant bacteria is recommended.
Maryam Amini; Ali Davati; Mahdieh Golestanifard
Volume 7, Issue 4 , September 2012, , Pages 241-245
Abstract
Background and Objective:Acinetobacter spp.a Gram-negative coccobacillus is increasingly reported as important cause of nosocomial infections. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) ofAcinetobacterspp., raises concerns over our ability to treat serious infections with these organisms. The aim of this study was ...
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Background and Objective:Acinetobacter spp.a Gram-negative coccobacillus is increasingly reported as important cause of nosocomial infections. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) ofAcinetobacterspp., raises concerns over our ability to treat serious infections with these organisms. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and associated risk factors for infections with MDR Acinetobacter spp. in ICU patients ofShahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Patients and Methods:This descriptive-analytical andcross-sectional study was designed in 3 years period from April 2008 to March 2010 on 130 patients. For bacteriological analysis, sputum, blood, urine and wound specimens were used from patients within >48 hr after admission. Patient’s clinical and epidemiologic data were collected, from recordedfile, and correlated to Acinetobacter spp. infection. The data were analyzed using SPSS16 statistical software,chi-square, and Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The frequency of Acinetobacterspp. infection separately by years was 21.5%, 30.8% and 47.7% in 2008, 2009, 2010, respectively. All isolateswere resistant to carbnicillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime and cephalotin, 99.2% to ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol, 97.7% to imipenem, 95.4% to tetracycline and 91.5% to gentamicin. The highest sensitivity was to amikacin 14.6%.
Conclusion:Nosocomialinfections with Acinetobacter spp. during the three years, was a growing trend, and all isolates were MDR and highest susceptibility was to Amikacin. Most important risk factors wereincorrect diagnosis, inappropriate usage, doses, andtime of antibiotic therapy, inappropriate formulation of some antibiotics.
Maryam Amini; Ahmad Javanmard; Ali Davati; Ghasem Azimi
Volume 4, Issue 3 , June 2009, , Pages 123-127
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Nosocomial infections are one of the most important worldwide health and increased patients hospital stay, therapeutic problem and mortality rate. This study was designed to determine the frequency of microorganisms isolated from tracheal tube in patients admitted to ...
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Background and Objectives: Nosocomial infections are one of the most important worldwide health and increased patients hospital stay, therapeutic problem and mortality rate. This study was designed to determine the frequency of microorganisms isolated from tracheal tube in patients admitted to ICU Shaheed Mostafa Khomeini Hospital Tehran, Iran, from 2001-2005. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 352 patients admitted to ICU of the hospital were evaluated from 2001-2005. Information was derived from 18 questions in 2 parts, demographic and clinic/paraclinic. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software, and Mean Whitney, chi-square tests. Results: Most patients were in 70-98 years age group, with the mean age of 62.73±10.03, 64.2% & 35.8% were male and female, respectively. The highest hospitalization times were 2-30 days with the mean times of 24.06±16.68 days. In addition, the median time of intubation was 9 days. The most common microorganisms were Staphylococcus aurous (23.6%), Klebsiella spp. (23.3%) Acintobacter spp. (20.7%), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (18.2%) Escherichia coli (7.7%), and Enterobacter spp.(5.7%) .There was significant association between the time of endotracheal intubation and S. aurous, P. aeroginosa, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp.. (P<0.05), and between E-coli and hospitalization time (P<0.05). No significant association was found between Acintobacter spp. and other microorganism with other variants. Discussion: It seems that there is no difference between our research and other studies about microorganism isolated from patients with endotracheal tube. We recommend a similar study designed in another hospital to determine the epidemiologic pattern of microorganism frequency.
Maryam Amini; Mozhgan Bahador; Maryam Bahador
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2009, , Pages 75-79
Abstract
Background and Objective: Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of mortality and long-term neural morbidity. Immediate diagnosis and treatment are necessary in appropriate time. This study was designed in Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman to evaluate meningitis causes, frequency and CSF laboratory ...
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Background and Objective: Bacterial meningitis is an important cause of mortality and long-term neural morbidity. Immediate diagnosis and treatment are necessary in appropriate time. This study was designed in Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman to evaluate meningitis causes, frequency and CSF laboratory changes. Patients and Methods: In this retrograde descriptive study from September 2003 to September 2005, documents of all the hospitalized patients with diagnosed meningitis in Afzalipour Hospital of Kerman, southeast of Iran were studied. Findings: During this period, 126 patients were hospitalized . The age average was 15.2 ± 5.2 yr. Males were more than females (69% vs 31%) & 64% were children.Majority of patients were admitted in winter (42.9%) followed by spring (31%) . 9.5% had viral meningitis . 89.5% of patients with bacterial meningitis had negative CSF culture . Positive culture included 6 cases of haemophilus influenzae type B , 3 cases of pneumococcal and 3 cases of meningococcal. Average level of glucose in CSF in positive culture group was less than negative culture group (22.5mg/dl vs 53.5mg/dl) . All positive culture patients had pro>100mg/dl and WBC>1000/mm3. Conclusion: 10.5% of patients had positive culture, which might suggest that there were some errors in microbial cultures done in this hospital. More prevalence of meningitis in children was similar to other studies. The most common cause was haemophilus influenzae , so Iranian children vaccination should be considered.