Padmapriya Jaiprakash; Balaji Radhakrishnan; Ranjini Kudva; Manna Valiathan; Seetharam Prasad
Abstract
Background and Objective: Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a self-limiting, transient neoplasm composed of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Since it regresses spontaneously, diagnosis by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology plays a major role in its management. Methods: We present a series of 8 cases with either ...
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Background and Objective: Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a self-limiting, transient neoplasm composed of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Since it regresses spontaneously, diagnosis by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology plays a major role in its management. Methods: We present a series of 8 cases with either FNA or biopsy diagnosis of NF, and study the major cytological features with a review of literature on diagnostic criteria and its pitfalls. Results and Conclusion: The 8 cases occurred in patients between the age of 14 to 72 years, with equal sex distribution. FNA diagnosis concurred in 4 cases. Causes of wrong diagnosis included lack of clinical information and paucicellular smear.FNA cytology is an important tool in the diagnosis of nodular fasciitis, in appropriate clinico-radiological setting.
Hematopathology
Ruchita Tyagi; Aminder Singh; Bhavna Garg; Neena Sood
Abstract
Background & objective: Introduction: First detection of any solid tumour as metastatic deposits in bone marrow directs clinicians to start searching for the primary tumour. Detection of bone marrow metastasis determines the stage of the malignancy, prognosis, mode of treatment, chemotherapeutic ...
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Background & objective: Introduction: First detection of any solid tumour as metastatic deposits in bone marrow directs clinicians to start searching for the primary tumour. Detection of bone marrow metastasis determines the stage of the malignancy, prognosis, mode of treatment, chemotherapeutic response and follow-up in case of relapse. The aim of the current study was to analyse the clinico-haematological presentation and morphological pattern of infiltration of solid tumours detected first as metastatic deposits on bone marrow examination. Methods:Three-year retrospective analysis of MGG-stained bone marrow aspiration smears and touch imprints of the bone marrow biopsy and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained histopathological sections of biopsies was performed at the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care institute (January 2014 to December 2016). The morphological pattern of metastatic deposits and haematological profiles of the patients were analysed. Exclusion criterion was the presence of hematolymphoid malignancies. Results: In 22 cases, bone marrow was the first site of detection of metastasis. The age of the patients ranged from 3 years and 10 months to 82 years, with equal gender predilection. Overall, 16 cases had cytopenias, 9 cases each had leucocytosis and leukoerythroblastic presentation. The metastasis was from Ewing’s sarcoma, prostate carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma invasive duct carcinoma breast, gallbladder carcinoma, lacrimal duct carcinoma and invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma. Conclusions: Bone marrow examination is a cheap and reliable investigation to detect metastasis in an unsuspecting case. Bilateral trephine biopsies are recommended to increase the efficacy of detecting bone marrow metastasis.
GI, Liver & Pancreas Pathology
Dina Mohamed Allam; Hend Ahmed Kasem; Amira Hegazy; Shereen Fathy Mahmoud
Abstract
Background & Objective: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-caused death worldwide and constitutes about 6.48% of all malignancies in Egypt. Studying the molecular profile of CRC is essential for developing targeted therapies. STAT3 and CTLA4 expression are among the molecular ...
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Background & Objective: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-caused death worldwide and constitutes about 6.48% of all malignancies in Egypt. Studying the molecular profile of CRC is essential for developing targeted therapies. STAT3 and CTLA4 expression are among the molecular abnormalities claimed to cause CRC progression and chemo-resistance. Therefore, they could be used as potential therapeutic targets. This study aimed to evaluate pSTAT3 and CTLA4 expression levels and their possible roles as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in CRC using immunohistochemistry (IHC).Methods: This retrospective study included 113 CRC patients. Tissue microarrays were constructed, followed by pSTAT3 and CTLA4 antibodies immunostaining. Their expression was assessed and compared with clinicopathological parameters and survival data.Results: Both pSTAT3 and CTLA4 overexpression were significantly associated with poor prognostic parameters, such as the presence of distant metastasis (P=0.02 & 0.03), high grade (P<0.001 & 0.03), high mitotic count (P<0.001 & 0.03), high tumor budding group (P=0.008 & 0.04), infiltrating tumor border (P<0.001 & 0.007) respectively, and advanced pathological stage with pSTAT3 (P=0.02). A significant association was found between overexpression of both markers and short overall survival. Correlations between the H-score of pSTAT3 and CTLA4 in CRC showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.001).Conclusion: STAT3 and CTLA4 positivity have been linked to the development and progression of CRC, and they may provide potential prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets for CRC patients.
Cytology
Mahsa Ahadi; Afshin Moradi; Elham Rabiee; Fatemeh Pourmotahari
Abstract
Background & Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. There are some different types of breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer is the type in which no receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 are expressed. Identifying ...
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Background & Objective: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. There are some different types of breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer is the type in which no receptors for estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 are expressed. Identifying factors that can facilitate the diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer is important. In this study, we decided to investigate the expression of GATA3 and GCDFP15 genes in triple-negative breast cancers.Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive-analytical study that was performed on 50 specimens of samples of triple-negative breast cancer. Data including age and sex, tumor grade, tumor size, types of invasion, GATA-3, and GCDFP-15 were assessed.Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.3±14.17 years. Of the total specimens, 46% were positive for GCDFP15 and 90% were positive for GATA-3. The intensity of GATA3 was evaluated and it was observed that 33(73.3%) of the cells were strongly stained and 12(26.7%) were weakly stained. There were no relationships between GATA-3 and GCDFP-15 with tumor characteristics.Conclusion: GATA-3 and GCDFP-15 may serve as diagnostic markers for triple-negative breast cancers and GATA-3 seems to be more reliable.
Mitra Mehrazma; Khadije Mahlouji; Reza Taghipour
Volume 4, Issue 2 , April 2009, , Pages 96-100
Abstract
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by inability of phagocytes to generate oxygen radicals needed for intracellular killing of phagocytic microorganisms. We report a 2.5-year-old Iranian female with multiple liver abscesses. She was admitted in surgical ...
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Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by inability of phagocytes to generate oxygen radicals needed for intracellular killing of phagocytic microorganisms. We report a 2.5-year-old Iranian female with multiple liver abscesses. She was admitted in surgical ward because of abdominal pain and fever for one month duration that had no response to conventional antibiotic treatment. The results of laboratory tests were: WBC=17000, Neutrophils=82%, lymph=17%, ESR=100. Other tests except nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and dihydrorhodamine (DHR) tests were negative and according to these two tests the final diagnosis was CGD. Supportive care along with recombinant interferon γ and oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for prophylaxis of infections started. Now after 18 months she is alive and healthy. Any patient with recurrent or unusual lymphadenitis, hepatic abscesses, osteomyelitis at multiple sites, a family history of recurrent infections, or unusual infections with catalase positive organisms, like S. aureus, requires evaluation for CGD.
Jahanshah Salehinejad; Shadi Saghafi; Amin Rahpeyma; Reza Zare-Mahmoodabadi; Saeedeh Khageh Ahmadi
Volume 6, Issue 2 , April 2011, , Pages 101-105
Abstract
Schwannoma(neurilemmoma) is a benign tumor originates from Schwann cells. Ancient (degenerated) schwannoma is a long-standing schwannoma with degenerative changes. Head and neck region is one of the most common sites for nerve sheath tumors but intraosseous schwannoma is rare. The mandible is ...
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Schwannoma(neurilemmoma) is a benign tumor originates from Schwann cells. Ancient (degenerated) schwannoma is a long-standing schwannoma with degenerative changes. Head and neck region is one of the most common sites for nerve sheath tumors but intraosseous schwannoma is rare. The mandible is the most common site of occurrence for this lesion. We report a rare case of intraosseous ancient schwannoma of the mandible in a 27- year-old woman patient. The tumor located in the ramus and angle region.
Reza Ataei; Saadat Mirsadraee; Ateie Mansouri; Sara Kakhi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , March 2008, , Pages 104-108
Abstract
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is a very rare, rapidly progressive and highly malignant gynecological tumor and only 16 cases have been reported in the literature. Here, presentation of leiomyosarcoma of the left broad ligament in a 26-years-old woman is reported. Clinical presentation ...
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Primary leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is a very rare, rapidly progressive and highly malignant gynecological tumor and only 16 cases have been reported in the literature. Here, presentation of leiomyosarcoma of the left broad ligament in a 26-years-old woman is reported. Clinical presentation and histological diagnosis is discussed. The patient has been treated surgically and remains disease-free following three years follow up. A review of literature is also performed to discuss the diagnosis and management of leiomyosarcoma of broad ligament.
Sakineh Amoueian; Naser Tayyebi; Ali Jangjoo; Paria Dehghanian
Volume 2, Issue 3 , June 2007, , Pages 123-125
Abstract
Aneurysms of gastric vessels (Dieulafoy`s disease, caliber-persistent artery) are thought to be of malformative rather than degenerative origin. They are usually single, located in the submucosa, usually on the lesser curvature, and characterized by a large tortuous vessel surmounted by a small ...
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Aneurysms of gastric vessels (Dieulafoy`s disease, caliber-persistent artery) are thought to be of malformative rather than degenerative origin. They are usually single, located in the submucosa, usually on the lesser curvature, and characterized by a large tortuous vessel surmounted by a small defect in the overlying mucosa. When the lesion perforates, massive and sometimes fatal hemorrhage may result. Here, we report one patient with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding who was treated by surgical resection and later diagnosed with dieulafoy`s malformation in the stomach. Thus, physicians should bear in mind dieulafoy’s lesion when they are faced with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Koyye Ravindranath Tagore; Ramineni S Asok Kumar
Volume 7, Issue 2 , April 2012, , Pages 125-129
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that originates from small to medium sized lymphocytes located in the mantle zone of the lymph node. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal involvement in the form of multiple lymphomatous polyposis. ...
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Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive type of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that originates from small to medium sized lymphocytes located in the mantle zone of the lymph node. The gastrointestinal tract is the predominant site of extranodal involvement in the form of multiple lymphomatous polyposis. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis due to mantle cell lymphoma presenting with intussusception is uncommon and very few cases have been reported. We are reporting a Mantle cell lymphoma with multiple lymphomatous polyposis presenting with intussusception in a 62 years old male.
Sabina Khan; Mohammad Jaseem Hassan; Sujata Jetley; Zeeba S Jairajpuri; Ayesha Ahmad
Volume 8, Issue 2 , April 2013, , Pages 127-130
Abstract
Endometrial calcification along with ossification is an uncommon clinical entity. Most of the cases are asymptomatic or present with secondary infertility. Endometrial ossification associated with repeated abortions has been reported very infrequently. Here we report a case of endometrial calcification ...
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Endometrial calcification along with ossification is an uncommon clinical entity. Most of the cases are asymptomatic or present with secondary infertility. Endometrial ossification associated with repeated abortions has been reported very infrequently. Here we report a case of endometrial calcification with ossification due to retained fetal bony tissue in a 38 year old symptomatic female having previous history of two abortions. This case highlights the importance of detailed clinical history, ultrasonographic and endometrial evaluation along with histopathological examination in a patient having repeated abortions. It also emphasizes the need to consider endometrial tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of endometrial calcification and subsequent ossification especially in areas where tuberculosis is rampant.
Oral Pathology
Abbas Karimi; Samira Derakhshan; Monir Moradzadeh Khiavi; Farzaneh Mosavat; Faeze Mirjalili
Abstract
Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that rarely occurs in the facial skeleton. It usually presents during the first three decades of life. Due to its aggressiveness and high recurrence rate, early diagnosis is imperative, and complete surgical removal of the lesion is the ...
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Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that rarely occurs in the facial skeleton. It usually presents during the first three decades of life. Due to its aggressiveness and high recurrence rate, early diagnosis is imperative, and complete surgical removal of the lesion is the treatment of choice. Herein, we present three cases of DF namely a 2 year-old girl with a mandibular DF, a 9 year-old boy with a maxillary lesion and a 1.5-year old boy with a mandibular DF. Complete clinicopathological information, treatment plan and long-term follow-up of patients are discussed. Histopathologic features of 3 cases revealed non-capsulated spindle cell tumor with fascicular or swirling patterns in incisional biopsy. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to make a definitive diagnosis. Strongly positive nuclear immunoreactivity for β-catenin confirmed the diagnosis of desmoplastic fibroma in 3 cases. Segmental mandibulectomy, partial maxillectomy and hemimandibulectomy were done for the cases. There was no recurrence in our reported cases after 8 and 11 months and 3 years follow up, respectively. It is noteworthy that despite the aggressive nature of DF, young patients often respond well to wide resection treatment.
Nasim Taghavi; Abbas Khodayari; Soudabeh Sargolzaei; Fatemeh Mashhadiabbas; Mohammad Moshref; Ali Lotfi; Leili Mehrdad
Volume 4, Issue 3 , June 2009, , Pages 141-145
Abstract
Peripheral calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (PCCOT) is a rare odontogenic lesion, which represents about 1% of jaw cysts. Here we report clinicopathologic, radiographic and CT scan images of a new case of recurrent large PCCOT located in mandibular gingiva in a 77-year-old male with history ...
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Peripheral calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (PCCOT) is a rare odontogenic lesion, which represents about 1% of jaw cysts. Here we report clinicopathologic, radiographic and CT scan images of a new case of recurrent large PCCOT located in mandibular gingiva in a 77-year-old male with history of a nodular mass in the same area, which had been completely excised 3 years ago. In reviewing the literature, we found 55 previous reported cases with a mean age of 48.8 yr at the time of diagnosis. A majority of cases appear as a circumscribed nodule less than 1.5 cm in greatest diameter, without bony involvement. No case larger than 4cm in diameter has been reported. Only one case of recurrent PCCOT was seen in reported cases.
Srinivas Ghante Nagaraj; Anitha Chalageri; Manjula Vijayanand; Anjana Gupta
Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2014, , Pages 149-151
Abstract
Sertoli cell tumors of the testis are extremely rare tumors with a heterogeneous pathology. Three histological variants have been described: Sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS), large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor and the Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor. The sclerosing Sertoli cell ...
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Sertoli cell tumors of the testis are extremely rare tumors with a heterogeneous pathology. Three histological variants have been described: Sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified (NOS), large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor and the Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor. The sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor described herein is associated with prominent stromal sclerosis. They present as painless scrotal masses without hormonal disturbances and are benign in nature. Less than 30 cases have been reported in the world literature. We present a case of Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor in a 39 year old male patient who presented with the complaints of a slowly growing painless mass in the right testicular region for 4 years.
Birgul Ciftci; Enver Vardar; Funda Tasli; Savas Yakan; Erdinc Top; Mehmet Yildirim
Abstract
Although the majority of mesenchymal lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are neoplastic in nature, but nonneoplastic reactive processes may also involve the gastrointestinal tract and mesentery. Some more aggressive neoplasms located in same area, such as fibromatosis or gastrointestinal stromal ...
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Although the majority of mesenchymal lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are neoplastic in nature, but nonneoplastic reactive processes may also involve the gastrointestinal tract and mesentery. Some more aggressive neoplasms located in same area, such as fibromatosis or gastrointestinal stromal tumors may be cause of diagnostic confusion. Reactive nodular fibrous pseudo tumor (RNFP) of the gastrointestinal tract and mesentery is a recently recognized entity. Here we present one such lesion in 71 years-old- man with a history of abdominal surgery. The tumor was firm, tan–white colored, ranged in size 19.5 cm in greatest dimension, and was grossly well circumscribed. Histologically it is composed of spindle-shaped cells resembling fibroblasts arranged haphazardly or in intersecting fascicles, embedded in a collagen-rich stroma with sparse intralesional lymphoid cells frequently arranged in aggregates. We present a case of this entity have largest tumor and also due to the rarity.
Vikram Narang; Harsimran Kaur; Pavneet Kaur Selhi; Neena Sood; Aminder Singh
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 151-154
Abstract
Background: Quality assurance in the hematology laboratory is a must to ensure laboratory users of reliable test results with high degree of precision and accuracy. Even after so many advances in hematology laboratory practice, pre-analytical errors remain a challenge for practicing pathologists. This ...
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Background: Quality assurance in the hematology laboratory is a must to ensure laboratory users of reliable test results with high degree of precision and accuracy. Even after so many advances in hematology laboratory practice, pre-analytical errors remain a challenge for practicing pathologists. This study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate the types and frequency of preanalytical errors in hematology laboratory of our center. Methods: All the samples received in the Hematology Laboratory of Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India over a period of one year (July 2013-July 2014) were included in the study and preanalytical variables like clotted samples, quantity not sufficient, wrong sample, without label, wrong label were studied. Results: Of 471,006 samples received in the laboratory, preanalytical errors, as per the above mentioned categories was found in 1802 samples. The most common error was clotted samples (1332 samples, 0.28% of the total samples) followed by quantity not sufficient (328 sample, 0.06%), wrong sample (96 samples, 0.02%), without label (24 samples, 0.005%) and wrong label (22 samples, 0.005%) Conclusion: Preanalytical errors are frequent in laboratories and can be corrected by regular analysis of the variables involved. Rectification can be done by regular education of the staff.
Maryam Alsadat Hashemipour; Shahrzad Adhami; Behroz Mozafari; Fatemeh Ahmadi Motemail
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2011, , Pages 158-163
Abstract
A primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a squamous cell carcinoma arising within the jawbone andshould be differentiated from a malignant ameloblastoma. It is not due to arising from an odontogenic cyst or tumor. The possibility of the lesion being a metastasis fromanotherprimary ...
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A primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a squamous cell carcinoma arising within the jawbone andshould be differentiated from a malignant ameloblastoma. It is not due to arising from an odontogenic cyst or tumor. The possibility of the lesion being a metastasis fromanotherprimary site should be considered, and excluded by a careful history and examination. The diagnosis of a PIOC is rare, but it is often worth considering in any differential diagnosis of jawradiolucency. The prognosis associated with primary intraosseous carcinoma of the jaws is poor and needs for aggressive treatment. It is common for these patients to present with apparent routine dental.This paper reports a case PIOC of the maxilla. The patient was a 68-year-old woman with a chief complaint of swelling of her hard palate.
Mitra Heidarpour; Farzaneh Sajjadi; Seyed Abass Tabatabai; Majid Heidarpour
Volume 5, Issue 3 , June 2010, , Pages 158-162
Abstract
Gardner's syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder. Familial polyposis of the colon, osteomas, hypertrophy of the retinal-pigmented layer and a multitude of soft tissue tumors are characteristic features. The syndrome may be presented with colonic or extracolonic symptoms. A 75-year-old ...
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Gardner's syndrome is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder. Familial polyposis of the colon, osteomas, hypertrophy of the retinal-pigmented layer and a multitude of soft tissue tumors are characteristic features. The syndrome may be presented with colonic or extracolonic symptoms. A 75-year-old male patient presented to Al-zahra Clinic with diffuse abdominal pain. An abdominal surgery was performed on him due to invasive abdominal mass. The surgical specimen was examined by H&E and immunohistochemical staining. The final diagnosis was fibromatosis. There was a history of gardner’s syndrome in his family. Colonoscopy was done to confirm the diagnosis of gardner’s syndrome. The diagnosis of gardner’s syndrome was made according to following findings: abdominal fibromatosis, multiple jaw osteomas and polyposis coli. The patient with gardner’s syndrome can present with abdominal fibromatosis even in an old age. In IHC staining CD117 was seen with coarse granular cytoplasmic pattern in fibromatosis, and so, this pattern of CD117 staining can be a clue to the diagnosis of fibromatosis.
Gynecologic Pathology
Mahdi Ahadi; Vahid Naseh; Masoud Salehipour
Abstract
Background & objective: The HER-2 gene is an important on co protein overexpressed in many types of cancers. The current study hypothesized that curcumin downregulates HER-2 and inhibits the signal transduction pathway of PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and activation of NFκB, which could be useful to treat ...
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Background & objective: The HER-2 gene is an important on co protein overexpressed in many types of cancers. The current study hypothesized that curcumin downregulates HER-2 and inhibits the signal transduction pathway of PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and activation of NFκB, which could be useful to treat overexpressed-HER-2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: In the current study, 40 male NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice were divided into 4 groups of 10 as follow: Group1 (control group) only received 5 mL/kg corn oil, group 2 (poisoned group) received 30 mg/L arsenic (As2O3) dissolved in water, group3 (curcumin treated), and group 4 (curcumin and arsenic treated) received 10 to 20mg/5mL/kg for 60 days. Once experimental period was completed, liver samples were collected. The analysis of the gene expression was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: Gene expression analysis showed that curcumin had significantly downregulated the activity of HER-2, in poisoned mice. Conclusion: According to the current study results, it could be concluded that curcumin has the inhibitory potential toward HER-2-overexpressed HCC.
Horieh Saderi; Parviz Owlia; Zohreh Maleki; Mehri Habibi; Nayere Rahmati
Volume 3, Issue 3 , June 2008, , Pages 161-167
Abstract
Background and Objective: Vancomycin is frequently the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the last years, the incidence of vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) has ...
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Background and Objective: Vancomycin is frequently the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the last years, the incidence of vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) has been increased in various parts of the world. The present study was carried out to determine the presence of VISA and VRSA in Tehran. Materials and Methods: A total of 164 S. aureus strains were isolated from clinical specimens in four university-affiliated hospitals in Tehran from November 2006 to June 2007. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin of isolates was determined by agar dilution method. Vancomycin (6 mg/l) screen agar plate method and E-test were used to confirm presence of resistance to vancomycin. Disc diffusion agar test was also used to detect resistance to other antimicrobial agents. Results: Only one VRSA(MIC 256 mg/l) was detected and three strains with MIC 4 mg/l considered VISA according to recent CLSI breakpoints for vancomycin. Only VRSA strain had shown growth on vancomycin screen agar plate and was also resistant to several antimicrobial agents but susceptible to quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, chloramphenicol, mupirocin and cotrimoxazole. Isolated VISA were also multi-resistant but showed susceptibility to quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, chloramphenicol and mupirocin. Conclusion: Detection of vancomycin resistance in Iranian S. aureus isolates emphasizes the challenges confronted by the infection control specialists in hospitals in Iran as well as causing problems in the treatment of patients with S. aureus infections.
Sajjadeh Movahedinia; Tina Shooshtarizadeh; Hassan Mostafavi
Abstract
The malignant transformation of conventional giant cell tumor of bone (GCTOB) is rare and usually occurs with irradiation. Here we report two neglected cases of conventional GCTOB with spontaneous malignant transformation at 11 and 16 years after initial diagnosis. In the former case, the patient refused ...
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The malignant transformation of conventional giant cell tumor of bone (GCTOB) is rare and usually occurs with irradiation. Here we report two neglected cases of conventional GCTOB with spontaneous malignant transformation at 11 and 16 years after initial diagnosis. In the former case, the patient refused to receive any treatment following the incisional biopsy, and in the latter, the first recurrence that occurred 5 years after initial treatment, was neglected. Although rare, the occurrence of sarcomatous changes in these cases indicates that secondary malignant transformation may be part of the natural course of this tumor. In addition, in both cases, immunohistochemistry showed diffuse and strong p53 expression in the malignant tumor but not in the primary lesion. It suggests that p53 overexpression may play a key role in the malignant transformation of GCTOB and that investigating for p53 expression in recurred lesions may help in predicting cases of giant cell tumor, prone to malignant transformation.
Biochemistry
Mohammad Mahdi Zamani; Seyedeh Hamideh Mortazavi; Maryam Monajemzade; Vahhab Piranfar; Zahra Aalidaeijavadi; Azam Bakhtiarian
Abstract
Background and Objective: Increased industrial activities leads to prolonged human exposure to industrial pollutant such as cadmium (Cd). Chronic exposure to Cd in Mammals and also human being, can cause damages to various organs and particularly kidneys and liver. The goal of this study was to ...
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Background and Objective: Increased industrial activities leads to prolonged human exposure to industrial pollutant such as cadmium (Cd). Chronic exposure to Cd in Mammals and also human being, can cause damages to various organs and particularly kidneys and liver. The goal of this study was to investigate the prophylactic effects of combined selenium (Se) and ascorbic acid supplement in rat cadmium toxicity. Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 10 groups: one control, one sham, and two clusters of 4 intervention groups which were fed with 1 or 5 mg Cd /kg water, for 28 days. The ascorbic acid supplement was added to the drinking water of four groups (10 mg/l). Four groups received intraperitoneal Se (1 mg/kg) at day 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25. Finally, Cd concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in liver and kidney sections. Furthermore, pathological changes were investigated in these sections. Results: The results showed weight gain in Cd groups which received ascorbic acid and Se, in contrast to weight loss in parallel groups without vitamin C and Se. The stronger necrosis and inflammation have been observed in group received 5 mg/kg Cd compared to group with 1 mg/kg Cd (p <0.05). In addition, the cadmium level was higher in untreated groups without any supplements, significantly (p <0.05). Conclusion: The drinking water with ascorbic acid has prophylactic effects across cadmium, and combination of Se and ascorbic acid have more prophylactic effects in both kidney and liver of rat to decrease the Cd toxicity.
Sourav Bhowmik; Indranil Chakrabarti; Piyali Ghosh; Pranati Bera; Tarak Banik
Abstract
Background& Objective: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an easy, rapid, and less hazardous tool to diagnose the intra-abdominal lesions with various imaging modalities adding to its sensitivity and accuracy. However, sometimes it does not yield adequate information for precise diagnosis ...
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Background& Objective: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an easy, rapid, and less hazardous tool to diagnose the intra-abdominal lesions with various imaging modalities adding to its sensitivity and accuracy. However, sometimes it does not yield adequate information for precise diagnosis and the risk of false-negative and indeterminate diagnosis is always present. Cellblock preparations may be particularly helpful in such problematic cases. The current study aimed at evaluating and comparing the cytological as well as histopathological features of different intra-abdominal mass lesions. Methods: Image-guided FNAC followed by cell block were performed on 167 patients from June 2012 to May 2013. Histologically correlated 111 cases were evaluated. Results of conventional smear, cell block, and combination of FNAC with cell block were compared with histopathological findings regarding diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of diagnosis. Result: Cell block was more specific to diagnose these lesions than FNAC (95.49% versus 90.09%). Combined application of cell block with FNAC was more specific (96.39%) than cell block alone with 100% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Application of a combination of cell block with FNAC was more useful to diagnose intra-abdominal mass lesions.
Hamid Tabrizchi; Mahnaz Yazdanpanah; Behjat Kalantarie Khandani; Esmat Mozaffari
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2006, , Pages 181-184
Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma of female breast is a rare presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The tumor mass may precede or occur concurrently with AML, CML, myeloproliferative disorders, and/or myelodysplastic syndromes. Histologically, it looks like a large cell lymphoma and can be misdiagnosed. A case ...
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Myeloid sarcoma of female breast is a rare presentation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The tumor mass may precede or occur concurrently with AML, CML, myeloproliferative disorders, and/or myelodysplastic syndromes. Histologically, it looks like a large cell lymphoma and can be misdiagnosed. A case referred as a suspected case of large cell lymphoma. Initial morphological study with conventional H and E staining showed diffuse infiltration of pleomorphic large blast cells with occasional mature cells showing eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules. Immunohistochemical study was done on paraffin material for this suspected case of myeloid sarcoma and tumor cell reaction with myeloperoxidase was positive. The histological diagnosis was finalized as myeloid sarcoma. Initial bone marrow aspiration showed less than 20% myeloid blasts but after three weeks the marrow aspiration showed 30% of myeloid blasts. Flow cytometry was also performed and proved the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia. It is concluded that in conditions of an unusual case of pleomorphic large cell lymphoma, myeloid sarcoma may be a possibility.
Afsaneh Rajabiani; Hossein Vakili
Volume 4, Issue 4 , September 2009, , Pages 190-193
Abstract
Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare tumor that histologically and clinically resembles epithelial ovarian cancer. Here we introduce a case of tubal carcinoma in a postmenopausal woman. The diagnosis of primary fallopian tube carcinoma is rarely considered preoperatively and is usually first appreciated ...
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Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare tumor that histologically and clinically resembles epithelial ovarian cancer. Here we introduce a case of tubal carcinoma in a postmenopausal woman. The diagnosis of primary fallopian tube carcinoma is rarely considered preoperatively and is usually first appreciated by the pathologist. Because of low frequency of tubal carcinoma, there are few systemic pathological reports of its mode and extent of spread. Surgical staging and management as the use of chemotherapy follow the concepts used in epithelial ovarian cancer. In contrast to epithelial ovarian cancer, it is the importance of early lymphatic spread in this disease. The earlier diagnosis of primary fallopian tube carcinoma leads to an apparent better survival compared with its ovarian counterpart. However, as with epithelial ovarian carcinoma, stage and residual tumor are the most important prognostic variables. Only with more extensive clinical researches, ovarian carcinoma management principles should be used in clinical practice of this tumor.
Head and Neck Pathology
Aarya Unnikrishnan; Vijaya Basavaraj
Abstract
Background & Objective: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly frequent malignancy worldwide and is also the leading cause of death. The prognosis for individuals with HNSCC remains dismal, with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%. The novel anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy is found ...
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Background & Objective: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly frequent malignancy worldwide and is also the leading cause of death. The prognosis for individuals with HNSCC remains dismal, with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%. The novel anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy is found to be promising, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been established as a reliable method for patient stratification. We intend to evaluate the prognostic significance of the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in HNSCC and determine its association with clinicopathological variables.Methods: A total of 50 cases of biopsy-confirmed HNSCC were studied in a tertiary hospital between Dec 2020 and June 2022. The specimens were tested for PD-L1 IHC expression with antibody clone CAL-10 (Biocare) and scored by Combined Positive Score (CPS). The association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological variables was evaluated.Results: PD-L1 was positive in 92% of the cases, and a significant association (P= 0.024) was seen between PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). PD-L1 did not show any significant association with patient demographics, tumor site, grade, or stage.Conclusion: In the present study, evaluation of the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 on the tumor cells and TILs in HNSCC revealed a high prevalence of PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 IHC studies for patient selection for immunotherapy would be a promising technique. Frequent PD-L1 expression in tumors with significant TILs may be useful in identifying patients who may benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
