Microbiology
Fatemeh Amraei; Negar Narimisa; Behroz Sadeghi; Vahid Lohrasbi; Faramarz Masjedian Jazi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Persister cells are defined as a subpopulation of bacteria that are capable of reducing their metabolism and switching to dormancy in stress conditions. Persister cells formation has been attributed to numerous mechanisms, including stringent response and Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) ...
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Background & Objective: Persister cells are defined as a subpopulation of bacteria that are capable of reducing their metabolism and switching to dormancy in stress conditions. Persister cells formation has been attributed to numerous mechanisms, including stringent response and Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems. This study aimed to investigate the hypothetical role of TA systems in persister cells formation of Brucella strains by evaluating toxins of type II TA systems (RelE, Fic, Brn T, cogT) expression. Methods: Brucella strains treated with a lethal dose of gentamicin and ampicillin and to determine the number of surviving cells, bacterial colonies were counted at different time intervals. The role of TA systems in persister cell formation was then determined by toxin expression levels using qRT- PCR method. Result: Our results showed the viability of persister cells after 7 h. The results of relative qRT- PCR showed higher levels of toxin gene expression due to stress conditions, suggesting the possible role of TA systems in persister cells formation and antibiotics tolerance. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that considering the importance of persistence and the tolerance to antibiotics, further studies on persister cells formation and related genes such as the TA system genes in Brucella strains might help us to identify the precise mechanisms leading to persister cells formation.
Madjid Qolipour Peinavandi; Maliheh Khoddami
Volume 1, Issue 3 , June 2006, , Pages 131-134
Abstract
Spinal cord compression due to extramedullary hematopoiesis is a well-described and rare syndrome encountered in several hematological disorders including β-thalassemia. Hereby, a 37-year old pregnant woman with intermediate β -thalassemia with paraparesis and lower limb hypoesthesia was presented. ...
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Spinal cord compression due to extramedullary hematopoiesis is a well-described and rare syndrome encountered in several hematological disorders including β-thalassemia. Hereby, a 37-year old pregnant woman with intermediate β -thalassemia with paraparesis and lower limb hypoesthesia was presented. MRI showed soft tissue masses in both sides of thoracic paraspinal area. Histologically, a mixture of all hematopoietic cell lines was present at different stages of maturation. Medical literature is also reviewed in this report.
Seyed Hamid Madani; Etrat Javadi Rad; Ahmad Faramarzi
Volume 4, Issue 3 , June 2009, , Pages 137-140
Abstract
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) appears as a single lesion at birth or early infancy in an equal sex ratio. A rare aggressive vascular proliferation has been recognized as a separate entity from other childhood vascular neoplasm. A 3-year-old Iranian boy with a rapidly enlarging mass in ...
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Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) appears as a single lesion at birth or early infancy in an equal sex ratio. A rare aggressive vascular proliferation has been recognized as a separate entity from other childhood vascular neoplasm. A 3-year-old Iranian boy with a rapidly enlarging mass in his (posterior aspect of skull at the midline) skull was present here. Physical examination revealed a dark-red, firm mass measuring 5 × 4.5 cm in the posterior aspect of skull. No association with Kasabach- Merritt syndrome (KMS) was observed despite its size. Histologically, KHE was composed of infiltrating nodules with slitlike or crescentic vessels that are poorly canalized and lined by spindled endothelium cells. Immunohistochemically, both spindle and epithelioid cells were immunoreactive for CD34 and CD31, while negative for EMA, cytokeratin or S100 protein. α- SMA were detected in pericytes surrounding spindle cells. Recurrence occurred 2 month after first operation. Wide resection was performed at second operation and the patient was still alive during the 1-year follow- up period.
Zahra Kiasalari; Mohsen Khalili; Mehrdad Roghani; Abbas Ahmadi; Monireh Mireie
Volume 9, Issue 2 , April 2014, , Pages 138-148
Abstract
Background and Objective: N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists such as piperidines are the most important antiepileptic drugs. Considering the fact that piperidine derivatives such as phencyclidine (PCP) and its new derivative, 1-[1-(3-methoxyphenyl) (tetralyl)] piperidine (PCP1), have different potencies, ...
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Background and Objective: N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists such as piperidines are the most important antiepileptic drugs. Considering the fact that piperidine derivatives such as phencyclidine (PCP) and its new derivative, 1-[1-(3-methoxyphenyl) (tetralyl)] piperidine (PCP1), have different potencies, the antiepileptic effects of mentioned drugs were investigated in the present study.
Methods: Fifty male mice weighing 25-30 g were randomly selected and divided into five experimental groups: 1- Control 2- Pentylentetrazole-kindled mice, 3- Positive control group which received valproate, and groups 4 and 5, which received PCP and PCP1, respectively. Kindling was down by 11 periods injection of PTZ every second day for 22 days. At the 12th injection, all kindled group were tested for PTZ challenge dose. The exhibited phases of seizure (0-6) were observed and noted till 30 minutes after PTZ injection. Finally, the malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide levels of the animal’s brain tissues were determined and compared with others.
Results: PCP1 could have a prominent anti-convulsion effect compared to PCP, especially in the reduction of phase 2 duration time and seizure score in challenge dose. Our additional experiments showed that there was a significant reduction in NO level in PCP1 treated animals.
Conclusion: Administration of the new piperidine derivate, PCP1 could have yielded a prominent anti-convulsion effect in grand epilepsy. Regarding to the changes in conformation of PCP1 as a non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptor, it may block the NMDA receptors potentially more effectively than phencyclidine.
Amitis Ramezani; Ebrahim Kalantar; Arezoo Aghakhani; Mohammad Banifazl; Maryam Foroughi; Soudabeh Hosseini; Ali Eslamifar; Ali Esmaeilzadeh; Porisa Sadrpoor; Minoo Mohraz
Abstract
Background & Objective: Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine. Some authors believe that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene have been associated with susceptibility to HIV infection and progression to AIDS, ...
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Background & Objective: Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokine. Some authors believe that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene have been associated with susceptibility to HIV infection and progression to AIDS, but its role is not clearly defined yet. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association between HIV infection susceptibility and progression with SNP in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene. Methods: This study was carried out on 70 HIV infected patients (39 treatment naïve and 31 undertreatment) and 31 matched healthy controls. The biallelic polymorphisms in the IL-10 gene promoter (-592 ,-1082) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Results: At position -1082, G/A was the most common genotype and A was the most prevalent allele and at position -592, A/C was the most prevalent genotype and -592 C was the most common allele in HIV positive patients; although there was not any significant difference between cases and controls regarding genotypes and alleles of these regions. Conclusion: Genetic polymorphisms of IL-10 promoter region may not associate with HIV infection outcome and the lack of this association suggests that other genes may influence on HIV infection course.
Microbiology
Sharareh Mohammad Hasani; Reza Mirnejad; Vahhab Piranfar; Jafar Amani; Mohamad javad Vafadar
Volume 11, Issue 2 , April 2016, , Pages 144-150
Abstract
Background: Rapid diagnosis and differentiation of Brucella is of high importance due to the side effects of antibiotics for the treatment of brucellosis. This study aimed to identify and compare PCR-ELISA as a more accurate diagnositc test with other common molecular and serological tests. Methods: ...
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Background: Rapid diagnosis and differentiation of Brucella is of high importance due to the side effects of antibiotics for the treatment of brucellosis. This study aimed to identify and compare PCR-ELISA as a more accurate diagnositc test with other common molecular and serological tests. Methods: In this experimental and sectional study, during March 2014 to Sep 2015, 52 blood samples of suspected patients with clinical symptoms of brucellosis were evaluated in medical centers all over Iran with serum titers higher than 1:80. Using two pairs of specific primers of Brucella abortus, B. melitensis and DIG-dUTP, Fragment IS711 (The common gene fragment in B. melitensis and B. abortus) was amplified. DIG-ELISA was performed using specific probes of these 2 species of Brucella and patterns were subsequently analyzed, then positive responses were compared by detecting gel electrophoresis. Results: PCR-ELISA method detected all 28 samples from 52 positive samples. Its sensitivity was 6.0 pg concentration of genomic DNA of Brucella. In gel electrophoresis method, 22 samples of all positive samples were detected. PCR-ELISA was more efficient than PCR and bacterial culture method at P-value Conclusion: PCR-ELISA molecular method is more sensitive than other molecular methods, lack of mutagenic color and also a semi-quantitative ability. This method is more effective and more accurate compared to PCR, serology and culture of bacteria. PCR-ELISA does not have false responses. The limitation of this method is detection of bacteria in the genus compared to Multiplex PCR and Gel Electrophoresis.
Sheela devi C S; Suchitha Satish; Veerendrasagar Sahukar
Abstract
Background and objective: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common adult renal neoplasm. Staging and grading of RCC are important predictors of survival. Fuhrman nuclear grading is widely used for CCRCC, the subjective nature of which has prompted more objective methods to evaluate ...
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Background and objective: Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common adult renal neoplasm. Staging and grading of RCC are important predictors of survival. Fuhrman nuclear grading is widely used for CCRCC, the subjective nature of which has prompted more objective methods to evaluate nuclear features. Furthermore, Ki-67, a reliable marker of cellular proliferation may provide another variable for assessment of the biological behavior of RCC. The aim of this research was to study nuclear morphometry and Fuhrman nuclear grading of clear cell RCC, and to assess their relationship with the Ki-67 index. Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin slides of forty cases of CCRCC were retrieved and studied for pathologic variables, including Fuhrman nuclear grade, pathological tumor and node stage. Nuclear morphometric analysis was performed using computer-assisted image analysis. The relationship between Fuhrman nuclear grading, pathologic stage, tumor size, nuclear morphometry and proliferative index were analyzed. Results:According to Fuhrman grading, four (10%) cases were grade I, 23 (57.5%) were grade II, 12 (30%) were grade III, and one (2.5%) was grade IV. Moderate to high correlation was seen between Fuhrman nuclear grade and mean nuclear area, perimeter, diameter, length, nuclear roundness factor and Ki -67, with a P value of < 0.05. Conclusion: The CCRCC is an extremely heterogenous disease and clinical outcome is unpredictable despite several validated prognostic factors. The widely used Fuhrman nuclear grading is subjective, while nuclear morphometry, using computer assisted image analysis, can ensure more objective assessment. The Ki-67 index could provide reliable information and compliment the other prognostic parameters.
Indranil Chakrabarti; Nilanjana Ghosh
Volume 6, Issue 3 , June 2011, , Pages 153-157
Abstract
Giant cell glioblastoma is an extremely rare variant of Glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) which is characterized by a predominance of bizarre, multinucleated giant cells. These tumors comprise of 0.8% of brain tumors and up to 5% of glioblastomas. In pediatric age group, these tumors are still uncommon with ...
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Giant cell glioblastoma is an extremely rare variant of Glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) which is characterized by a predominance of bizarre, multinucleated giant cells. These tumors comprise of 0.8% of brain tumors and up to 5% of glioblastomas. In pediatric age group, these tumors are still uncommon with only around 53 published cases since 1952. Here, we report a case of a 12-year old female patient who presented in outpatient clinic with a short period history of headache and seizures. A CT scan showed a large right sided frontal space occupying lesion with areas of calcification. The patient was operated and subsequent histopathology revealed a high-grade astrocytic tumor with increased cellularity, atypical mitosis, bizarre multinucleated giant cells along with large areas of ischemic necrosis and calcification. A diagnosis of Giant cell glioblastoma (WHO Grade IV) was made. The patient was symptomatically well at 3-month follow-up.
Roohollah Gholampour-Shahabodini; Behrang Kazemjnejad
Volume 5, Issue 3 , June 2010, , Pages 154-157
Abstract
Primary sarcomas of the kidney are exceptional. Among renal sarcomas, leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype amounting to 50-60% of all cases. The tumor usually arises from either the renal capsule or smooth muscle tissue in the renal pelvic wall. In this paper, we report a patient ...
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Primary sarcomas of the kidney are exceptional. Among renal sarcomas, leiomyosarcoma is the most common histologic subtype amounting to 50-60% of all cases. The tumor usually arises from either the renal capsule or smooth muscle tissue in the renal pelvic wall. In this paper, we report a patient with leiomyosarcoma of the kidney presented with non-specific abdominal pain and a palpable mass. Histologic examination revealed a mesenchymal tumor composed of pleomorphic spindle cells arranged in interlacing pattern with high mitotic activity. Immunohistochemical study was positive for Demin, smooth muscle Actin (SMA), and muscle specific antigen (MSA).The rarity of this disease and very little information about it, its severity, and poor prognosis, uncommon form of presentation, large size of the mass, and difficulty in management are highlighted and reported.
Uropathology
Yahya Attaran; Simin Moghdam; Ahmad Monabati; Reza Sarkeshikian
Abstract
Lymphoepithelial - like carcinoma, is rarely recognized in the urinary bladder and less commonly occurs with papillary transitional cell carcinoma i.e. mixed pattern. Also, less uncommon is the occurrence of carcinoma in situ changes in the adjacent urothelium of these tumors. Here, a case of lymphoepithelial ...
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Lymphoepithelial - like carcinoma, is rarely recognized in the urinary bladder and less commonly occurs with papillary transitional cell carcinoma i.e. mixed pattern. Also, less uncommon is the occurrence of carcinoma in situ changes in the adjacent urothelium of these tumors. Here, a case of lymphoepithelial – like carcinoma and papillary transitional cell carcinoma associated with carcinoma in situ changes of urothelium of the urinary bladder has been reported the prognosis of this type of malignancy as well as its management will be discussed. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical stains have been carried out to differentiate it from lymphoma of the urinary bladder and the findings will be discussed.
Reza Afshar; Suzan Sanavi; Abbas Kebryaeezadeh; Mohsen Naiebpoor; Mahboob Lesanpezeshki; Mohammad-Reza Khatami; Effat Razeghi
Volume 3, Issue 3 , June 2008, , Pages 157-160
Abstract
Background and Objective: The anemia of ESRD is a complex disorder, associated with serious complications, which increases patients’ mortality and morbidity. Treatment of this anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) is well established. This clinical trial study was conducted ...
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Background and Objective: The anemia of ESRD is a complex disorder, associated with serious complications, which increases patients’ mortality and morbidity. Treatment of this anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) is well established. This clinical trial study was conducted within 20 months, from May 2005 to December 2006, in order to evaluate the efficacy of PDpoetin (rh-EPO alpha manufactured in Iran) in anemia correction of hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: The study population was composed of 80 patients, aged 22-84 years (with a mean of 49.5 ± 17.5 years), who were 60% male and 40% female. Data were collected by using a questionnaire and a consent form is signed by each patient. All data analysis was carried out using SPSS software and statistical t-test. We administered 80-120 U/kg (up to 300 U/kg in resistant cases) of PDpoetin, 3 times per week, subcutaneously. Then, we followed patients by weekly blood sampling for Hct and Hgb measurement. Results: PDpoetin raised Hct>1% and Hgb>0.3 g/dl per week in 81% and 79% of patients with CRPConclusion: PDpoetin may be an appropriate substitute for imported rh-EPOs. Further research studies are recommended.
Pulmonary Pathology
Mohamed Alabiad; Ola Harb; Mohamed Abozaid; Ahmed Embaby; Doaa Mandour; Rehab Hemeda; Amany Shalaby
Abstract
Background and Objective: Diagnosis and discrimination of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) from lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is critical to select the appropriate treatment regimen as recently targeted therapies require accurate subtyping of NSCLCs. There are currently several biomarkers that could ...
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Background and Objective: Diagnosis and discrimination of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) from lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is critical to select the appropriate treatment regimen as recently targeted therapies require accurate subtyping of NSCLCs. There are currently several biomarkers that could be used for differentiation between LUAD and LUSC, but they have less sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability. The aimof this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic values of CLCA2, SPATS2, ST6GALNAC1, and Adipophilin tissue expression in the tissues retrieved from LUAD and LUSC patients using immunohistochemistry. Methods:The current study was performed on the samples retrieved from sixty primary lung masses that were diagnosed as LUAD and LUSC. Immunohistochemistry was performed by using a panel of CLCA2, SPATS2, and ST6GALNAC1. We assessed the diagnostic roles of the studied markers in the discrimination between LUAD and LUSC and their prognostic values. Results: SPATS2 and CLCA2were expressed more in LUSC than LUAD. ST6GALNAC1 and Adipophilin were expressed more in LUAD than LUSC (p <0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of CLCA2, SPATS2, ST6GALNAC1 and Adipophilin in adequate subtyping and reaching the accurate diagnosis was 100%. We found only significant differences in survival rates between the patients with negative and positive CLCA2expression (p =0.038 and p =0.019, respectively). Conclusions: The combination of CLCA2, SPATS2, ST6GALNAC1, and Adipophilin lead to the adequate subtyping of lung cancer and reaching accurate diagnosis with the highest sensitivity and specificity.
Biochemistry
Gokhan Cakirca
Abstract
Background& Objective: Each laboratory should determine the type of errors and turnaround time (TAT), especially in the preanalytical phase to report quality and timeliness of the test results. The current study aimed at investigating the common causes of preanalytical errors in biochemistry ...
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Background& Objective: Each laboratory should determine the type of errors and turnaround time (TAT), especially in the preanalytical phase to report quality and timeliness of the test results. The current study aimed at investigating the common causes of preanalytical errors in biochemistry and hematology laboratories and evaluating the preanalytical TAT for outpatient samples. Methods: Data of rejected samples in the laboratory information system from September 2014 to September 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Also, the preanalytical TAT of the outpatient samples was evaluated over the period of three months from June to August 2015. Preanalytical TAT was calculated from order entry to barcode scanning in the autoanalyzer. Results: With respect to the ratios of blood sample transfers, 1% of samples (2305 out of 225,563) in the hematology laboratory and 0.6% (1467 out of 255,943) in the biochemistry laboratory were rejected. The most common cause of rejection in the hematology and biochemistry laboratories was insufficient volume (48.8%) and hemolyzed sample (74.1%), respectively. The average preanalytical TAT for the outpatient samples was 62.3 minutes.The preanalytical TAT accounted for 10.8% (order entry-sample collection), 49% (sample collection-sample receipt), and 40.2% (sample receipt-barcode scanning in the autoanalyzer), respectively. Conclusion: Of all the samples received in the biochemistry and hematology laboratories, the overall percentage of rejections were 0.6% and 1%, respectively. The main target to improve preanalytical TAT was determined as the transportation (sample collection-sample receipt) step.
Maliheh Khoddami1; Zeinab Amirimoghaddam; Seyed Farzad Azarin
Volume 1, Issue 4 , September 2006, , Pages 177-180
Abstract
Although involvement of the heart by malignant lymphoma is relatively common, it is unusual to be detected premortem. We report a case of Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with systemic signs and symptoms including abdominal distension, weakness, pallor, chills and fever, hepatosplenomegaly and generalized ...
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Although involvement of the heart by malignant lymphoma is relatively common, it is unusual to be detected premortem. We report a case of Hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with systemic signs and symptoms including abdominal distension, weakness, pallor, chills and fever, hepatosplenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy as well as signs of heart failure. Echocardiography revealed lucent myocardial lesions, pericardial effusion, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Right cervical lymph node and bone marrow biopsies established the diagnosis of nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's lymphoma with bone marrow involvement. After 14 periods of chemotherapy, systemic and cardiac abnormalities improved. To the best of our knowledge, Hodgkin's lymphoma primarily presenting with myocardial metastasis and heart failure is not previously reported.
Uropathology
Walid S. H. Elsayed; Ola Harb; Mohamed A Alabiad; Rema H. Faraj Saad; Amal Anbaig; Mohamed Alorinin; Rehab Hemeda; Mohamed Negm; Loay M Gertallah; Walled A Abdelhady; Ramadan M Ali
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are resistant to the most currently used chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies; hence, we evaluated the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in tissues of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and benign nearby tissues of kidney ...
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Background & Objective: Cells of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are resistant to the most currently used chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies; hence, we evaluated the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST in tissues of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and benign nearby tissues of kidney with the aim of detecting associations between their expression and clinicopathological features, prognostic data, tumor recurrence, and survival rates.Methods: We collected 200 samples from tumor and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues of 100 ccRCC patients. All samples were evaluated for the expression of NEK2, JMJD4, and REST, and the patients were followed up for about 5 years. Tumor recurrence and survival data were collected and analyzed.Results: NEK2 and JMJD4 expression was increased in ccRCC tissues (P=0.002 and 0.006), while REST was downregulated (P<0.001). The elevated expression of NEK2 was positively related with big tumor size (P=0.015), higher grades (P=0.002), higher stages (P=0.013), distant spread (P=0.004), tumor recurrence, shorter progression-free survival (PFS) rate, and overall survival (OS) rate (P<0.001). Likewise, the high expression of JMJD4 was positively related with big tumor size (P=0.047), higher grades (P=0.003), higher stages (P=0.043), distant spread (P=0.001), tumor recurrence, shorter PFS rate, and OS rate (P<0.001). Conversely, Low expression of REST was positively related to big tumor size, higher grades, higher stages, distant spread, tumor recurrence, and shorter PFS and OS rates (P<0.001).Conclusion: We demonstrated that overexpression of NEK2 and JMJD4 and downregulation of REST were found in malignant than benign renal tissues and were related to unfavorable pathological findings, poor clinical parameters, and poor patient outcomes.
Farid Kosari; Hedieh Moradi Tabriz; Sanaz Saniee
Volume 4, Issue 4 , September 2009, , Pages 186-189
Abstract
In Riedel’s thyroiditis, a rare chronic inflammatory disease of thyroid gland, fine needle aspiration is usually non-diagnostic because most often only follicular cells are obtained and not the fibrous material characteristic of this type of thyroiditis. Therefore the diagnosis is often only established ...
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In Riedel’s thyroiditis, a rare chronic inflammatory disease of thyroid gland, fine needle aspiration is usually non-diagnostic because most often only follicular cells are obtained and not the fibrous material characteristic of this type of thyroiditis. Therefore the diagnosis is often only established by histopathologic study of the surgically obtained biopsy. The illustrated case is a 46-year-old female who presented with a firm, non-mobile thyroid nodule of the left lobe. Fine needle aspiration was performed, demonstrating fragments of fibrous tissue and few inflammatory cells including neutrophils and lymphocytes, findings that could be representative of Riedel’s thyroiditis. Frozen section examination during subsequent surgery and later histopathologic study confirmed the diagnosis. Fine needle aspiration of the thyroid, if successfully done, could be highly suggestive for Riedel’s thyroiditis.
Afsaneh Rajabiani1; Fatemeh Kamrani Kanafi; Naser Kamalian; Saeed Shoar; Alireza Abdollahi; Sara Sheikhbahaei
Volume 8, Issue 3 , July 2013, , Pages 189-193
Abstract
Salivary gland tumors accounts for less than 1% of all tumors. Minor salivary gland tumors (MSGTs) are uncommon and make up about 10% of all salivary gland neoplasms. The clinical and histopathological distribution ...
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Salivary gland tumors accounts for less than 1% of all tumors. Minor salivary gland tumors (MSGTs) are uncommon and make up about 10% of all salivary gland neoplasms. The clinical and histopathological distribution of these tumors vary geographically. A case of a 38 yr old man with a minor salivary gland mass at chin region isreported here. The tumor invaded into the anterior surface of the mandible bone and the surrounding soft tissues. The tumor was resected completely with a safe surgical margin of soft tissue and adjacent bone. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by a biphasic pattern, composed of admixture of epithelial and stromal components, associated with cytological atypia and prominent mitoses. The stromal elements are myxoid, chondroid, and osteoid. The chondroid component is more abundant and shows more atypical changes. Overall, the findings were interpreted as malignant pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of buccal mucosa.
Mohammad Reza Lashkarizadeh; Mehdi HayatbaKhsh; Hossein Nikpour; Moeenadin Savavi; Mahdiyeh Lashkarizadeh; Hosein Sattari
Volume 7, Issue 3 , July 2012, , Pages 190-196
Abstract
Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas (SPT) are rare tumors of the pancreas with low malignancy potential and a very good prognostic outcome after surgery. The outcome after radical resection is favourable. A case of solid-pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas in a 20-year-old woman is presented. ...
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Solid pseudopapillary tumors of the pancreas (SPT) are rare tumors of the pancreas with low malignancy potential and a very good prognostic outcome after surgery. The outcome after radical resection is favourable. A case of solid-pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas in a 20-year-old woman is presented. The patient underwent resection of the mass in the pancreatic head and pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) with jejunostomy tube placement. We focus on the clinical features, imaging, and histopathological characteristics of solid-pseudopapillary tumors (SPT) of the pancreas.
Rajesh Laishram
Volume 5, Issue 4 , September 2010, , Pages 212-215
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous infarction is an uncommon complication of fibroadenoma of the breast. Although infarction following fine needle aspiration (FNA) has been reported in the literature, infarction encountering on first time aspiration is very rare. Lack of knowledge of this entity may lead to an ...
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Background: Spontaneous infarction is an uncommon complication of fibroadenoma of the breast. Although infarction following fine needle aspiration (FNA) has been reported in the literature, infarction encountering on first time aspiration is very rare. Lack of knowledge of this entity may lead to an erroneous diagnosis of inflammatory lesion like mastitis and carcinoma on cytology smears.
Case: We report the cytological and histological findings in partial spontaneous infarction of fibroadenoma in an 18-year-old female and literature reviewed.
Conclusion: In young patients with breast lumps, if the aspirated material is necrotic, the probable diagnosis of spontaneous infarction should always be kept in mind. Viable fibroadenomatous tissue should be searched for in the FNA smears.
Alireza Abdollahi; Mitra Mehrazma; Elham Talachian
Volume 3, Issue 4 , September 2008, , Pages 213-217
Abstract
Background and Objective: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by inflammation, villous atrophy, and crypt hyperplasia of the small bowel mucosa. In this study we considered and compared sensitivity and specificity of serological tests in patients with celiac disease. Materials ...
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Background and Objective: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder, characterized by inflammation, villous atrophy, and crypt hyperplasia of the small bowel mucosa. In this study we considered and compared sensitivity and specificity of serological tests in patients with celiac disease. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study we prospectively recruited children with suspected celiac disease. An intestinal biopsy specimen was obtained from all patients. Celiac disease diagnosed on the basis of histologic findings of Marsh classification. A serum sample was taken at the time of biopsy for serologic tests. Findings were analyzed using SPSS program, t-test, and chi-square tests. Results: Out of a total of 134 children in this study, seventy (52.21%) patients were boy and sixty four (47.8%) patients were girl. Celiac disease was diagnosed in 14 (10.4%) of the patients. In serologic tests, 11 patients (78.6%) were positive for antigliadin-Ab, 4 (28.6%) for anti tissue-transglutaminase Ab, and 9 (64.3%) for antiendomysial antibody. Sensitivity of antigliadin-Ab was 78.6% and its specificity was 95.9%. Sensitivity of anti tissue-transglutaminase Ab was 28% and its specificity was 95%. Sensitivity of antiendomysial Ab was 64% and its specificity was 96%. Conclusion: Positive serologic tests are supportive of the diagnosis in those with characteristic histopathologic changes on small intestinal biopsy. The best tests for this purpose are the IgA antiendomysial antibody or IgA anti tissue-transglutaminase, both of which are highly sensitive and specific.
Mimi Gangopadhyay1; Arghya Bandyopadhyay; Sailes Ray; Pranati Bera; Biswajit Dey
Volume 6, Issue 4 , September 2011, , Pages 216-218
Abstract
Tubal pregnancies are common but presence of hydatidiform mole in tube is a rare entity. A woman of 53years presented with acute abdomen, preoperative pregnancy test was positive and ultrasonography suspected the case as hydatidiform mole in right tube. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy ...
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Tubal pregnancies are common but presence of hydatidiform mole in tube is a rare entity. A woman of 53years presented with acute abdomen, preoperative pregnancy test was positive and ultrasonography suspected the case as hydatidiform mole in right tube. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy as her family was completed. Subsequent histopathological examination showed ruptured complete hydatidiform mole in right tube. Postoperative period was uneventful with normalization of β-HCG titer within two weeks.
Maedeh Salehi; Mina Motallebnejad; Ramin Forooghi; Anahita Gorbani; Sepideh Siadati
Volume 9, Issue 3 , July 2014, , Pages 223-226
Abstract
Lipomais a most common benign neoplasm of mature adipose tissue in trunk and extremities. The oral cavity rarely affected by this neoplasm(1-4%) and more occurs in buccal mucosa. Floor of the mouth is rarely affected. Usually its size is less than 3 cm. The present report shows an unusual case of large ...
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Lipomais a most common benign neoplasm of mature adipose tissue in trunk and extremities. The oral cavity rarely affected by this neoplasm(1-4%) and more occurs in buccal mucosa. Floor of the mouth is rarely affected. Usually its size is less than 3 cm. The present report shows an unusual case of large lipoma (5.5 cm in greatest dimension) in the floor of the mouth of a 68- year- old male and review of the literature.
Eswari Varadharajan; Shanmuga Priya; Geetha Prakash; Archana Mugundan; Praveen Easwaramurthi
Abstract
Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is a well-differentiated type of adenocarcinoma accounting for 2-5% of all breast cancers. Pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast has a favorable prognosis, usually seen in post-menopausal women. Neuroendocrine differentiation has been described in both in-situ and infiltrating ...
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Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is a well-differentiated type of adenocarcinoma accounting for 2-5% of all breast cancers. Pure mucinous carcinoma of the breast has a favorable prognosis, usually seen in post-menopausal women. Neuroendocrine differentiation has been described in both in-situ and infiltrating breast cancers .Mucinous carcinomas of the breast appear to have the greatest association with neuroendocrine differentiation. Chromogranin A and synaptophysin are specific immunohistochemical markers of neuroendocrine differentiation. We report a case of mucinous carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine differentiation in a 67-year-old female who was treated surgically in a classical manner. How to cite this article: Varadharajan E, Priya S, Prakash G, Mugundan A, Easwaramurthi P. Mucinous Carcinoma of the Breast with Neuroendocrine Differentiation. Iran J Pathol. 2015;10(3):231-6.
GI, Liver & Pancreas Pathology
Zeinab Kishani farahani; Mahsa Ahadi; Behrang Kazeminejad; Tahmineh Mollasharifi; Malihe Saber Afsharian; Amir Sadeghi; Farahnaz Bidari zerehpoosh; Elena Jamali; Niki Hasanzadeh; Abolfazl Movafagh; Arash Dehghan; Arsham Moradi; Afshin Moradi
Abstract
Background & Objective: Liver biopsy is the main method for grading and staging liver disorders, but the effects of clinical information and optimal biopsy specimen size on interpretation remain contentious. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of clinical information and quality of liver ...
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Background & Objective: Liver biopsy is the main method for grading and staging liver disorders, but the effects of clinical information and optimal biopsy specimen size on interpretation remain contentious. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of clinical information and quality of liver specimen on inter-observer agreement for liver disease. Methods: A total of 289 consecutive biopsy specimens from 2010 to 2017 were re-evaluated by five pathologists using the modified Ishak and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) systems. Detailed clinical information was extracted from medical records of patients and the size of all liver biopsy samples was recorded. Results: Full agreement between primary diagnosis and final diagnosis was obtained in 214 cases (74%). The remaining cases, namely 22 (7.6%) and 53 (18.3%) biopsies had minor and major diagnostic discrepancies, respectively. The results showed that the overall agreement was significantly higher in cases with complete clinical information than patients without any clinical information and even with partial clinical information (P<0.001). Interestingly, no significant difference in inter-observer agreement was achieved with a length over 20 mm (P=0.181). However, the inter-observer variation significantly decreased when the number of portal tract was more than 10 (P=0.001). Conclusion: This study identified the impact of clinical information and the number of portal tracts as the key factors to diagnosis. Therefore, request forms for liver biopsies should always be accompanied with the clinical history. Moreover, adequacy of biopsy specimens is very useful for accurate evaluation of samples by pathologists.
Microbiology
Sina Rostami; Alireza Pasdar; Sina Gerayli; Hamed Hatami; Samaneh Sepahi; Fatemeh Nategh; Mojtaba Meshkat; Seyed Mousalreza Hoseini; Mitra Ahadi; Hamid Reza Sima; Hasan Vosughinia; Mohammad Reza Sarvghad; Abbas Esmaeelzade; Hosein Nomani; Homan Mosanan Mozafari; Fariba Rezai Talab; Mohammad Taghi Shakeri; Zahra Meshkat
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Interferon-gamma is an important cytokine, which facilitates immunity against intracellular pathogens. Several factors, including genetic variations of cytokine-producing genes have been shown to influence the progression and severity of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: ...
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Background and Objectives: Interferon-gamma is an important cytokine, which facilitates immunity against intracellular pathogens. Several factors, including genetic variations of cytokine-producing genes have been shown to influence the progression and severity of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: Between January and December 2012, 87 HCV-infected individuals and 89 individuals without HCV infection were recruited for the study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) at Interferon Gamma (IFNG) +874 T/A. After extraction of genomic DNA from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) in blood sample of the individuals, Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the SNP at this position. Results: The frequency of genotype TA was 62.1% in the HCV-infected group, while it was 47.2% for the control group (p=0.033). However, after adjusting for confounders (including alcohol consumption, drug addiction, transfusion, and tattoos), the genotypes at this position did not show any statistically significant association with HCV infection (adjusted P values were above 0.05). The frequency of allele A was slightly higher in patients than the controls (55.2% versus 48.3%).Carriers of A allele were more frequent in patients with HCV infection compared to the control group (55.17% in patients versus 48.31% in the control group; P=0.02). However, after adjustment for confounders, the results were no longer statistically significant (P=0.2). Conclusion: A carrier status for certain alleles and genotypes at Interferon Gamma (IFNG) +874 T/A may lead to higher susceptibility to HCV infection in a certain population.
